Polluted populations of Euphorbia heterophylla, Chromolaena odorata, Commelina diffusa and Kyllinga pumila were collected fresh from 0.1 m to 0.25 m radii of the exhausted-pipe of power generators used for domestic pu...Polluted populations of Euphorbia heterophylla, Chromolaena odorata, Commelina diffusa and Kyllinga pumila were collected fresh from 0.1 m to 0.25 m radii of the exhausted-pipe of power generators used for domestic purposes, whereas, their non-polluted counterparts were collected from distances of 100-110 m away. The length and width of 10 leaves, each of both polluted and non-polluted populations, were measured. Their average leaf areas （LA） were 2.60 ± 0.1 cm2, 14.16 ±0.4 cm2, 5.19 ± 0.8 cm2 and 1.80 ±0.8 cm2 for the polluted populations of each of the species, respectively. Whereas, the LA of their non-polluted counterparts were 4.18±0.7 cm2, 34.39 ±0.2 cm2, 7.51± 0.1 cm2 and 10.76 ± 0.3 cm2, respectively. Damages such as plugged stomatal pores, epidermal cell aberrations and erosion, ruptured stomatal ledges, occasional leaf perforations, irregularly fused cell boundaries and glued leaf surfaces were noticeable in the leaves of the polluted populations. Such were not observed in the non-polluted populations. It was suggested that foliar morphology of these group of plants could serve as phytometer to gauge the threats of power generators used in homes to terrestrial ecosystem.展开更多
The contemporary militaries have an increasingly high number of women than in the previous years. This is a positive development that resonates with the democratic dispensations. Despite of some resistance from certai...The contemporary militaries have an increasingly high number of women than in the previous years. This is a positive development that resonates with the democratic dispensations. Despite of some resistance from certain quarters of the society, overall women＇s presence is becoming acknowledged. This increase has a potential to make a positive impact on peacekeeping missions. Their utility is enhanced by their characteristics that are lamented for their incongruence to combat operations. The constructive and reconciliatory nature of peacekeeping mission makes them an important asset. However, their optimal productivity is threatened by the incessant rape that they experience from both their adversaries and the own force. This creates a stressor that compromises their performance. The situation is aggravated by the lack of support after their ordeal. The organisational culture and leadership are not making women＇s presence in operations tenable. Their experience post-rape is characterised by rejection and lack of support from the salient others. This situation requires to be changed urgently to provide a sense of security and care for women. Policies and practices need to be modified to allow optimal performance from the most productive group in the military force.展开更多
文摘Polluted populations of Euphorbia heterophylla, Chromolaena odorata, Commelina diffusa and Kyllinga pumila were collected fresh from 0.1 m to 0.25 m radii of the exhausted-pipe of power generators used for domestic purposes, whereas, their non-polluted counterparts were collected from distances of 100-110 m away. The length and width of 10 leaves, each of both polluted and non-polluted populations, were measured. Their average leaf areas （LA） were 2.60 ± 0.1 cm2, 14.16 ±0.4 cm2, 5.19 ± 0.8 cm2 and 1.80 ±0.8 cm2 for the polluted populations of each of the species, respectively. Whereas, the LA of their non-polluted counterparts were 4.18±0.7 cm2, 34.39 ±0.2 cm2, 7.51± 0.1 cm2 and 10.76 ± 0.3 cm2, respectively. Damages such as plugged stomatal pores, epidermal cell aberrations and erosion, ruptured stomatal ledges, occasional leaf perforations, irregularly fused cell boundaries and glued leaf surfaces were noticeable in the leaves of the polluted populations. Such were not observed in the non-polluted populations. It was suggested that foliar morphology of these group of plants could serve as phytometer to gauge the threats of power generators used in homes to terrestrial ecosystem.
文摘The contemporary militaries have an increasingly high number of women than in the previous years. This is a positive development that resonates with the democratic dispensations. Despite of some resistance from certain quarters of the society, overall women＇s presence is becoming acknowledged. This increase has a potential to make a positive impact on peacekeeping missions. Their utility is enhanced by their characteristics that are lamented for their incongruence to combat operations. The constructive and reconciliatory nature of peacekeeping mission makes them an important asset. However, their optimal productivity is threatened by the incessant rape that they experience from both their adversaries and the own force. This creates a stressor that compromises their performance. The situation is aggravated by the lack of support after their ordeal. The organisational culture and leadership are not making women＇s presence in operations tenable. Their experience post-rape is characterised by rejection and lack of support from the salient others. This situation requires to be changed urgently to provide a sense of security and care for women. Policies and practices need to be modified to allow optimal performance from the most productive group in the military force.
