附魅与神化——对新时期“鲁迅研究”的反思(一)

新时期以来,20世纪中国作家几乎走下神坛而"祛魅",但唯有鲁迅是例外。文学批评界一直在为反对"神化鲁迅"、还原"人间鲁迅"而不懈努力,可是并没有真正彻底去除"神化鲁迅"的倾向,而是对鲁迅进行另一种形式上的"附魅"与神化。具体体现为:批评鲁迅的非学理化倾向;反批评一定程度上的非学理化倾向;现行大学文学史教材,不对鲁迅创作不足作出辩证评价;夸大鲁迅思想家的一面;和其他经典作家相比,学术界不谈或少谈鲁迅文学创作的不足。

媒介批评刍议

现行的媒介批评由学理性批评与非学理性批评构成。前者是一种充分理论支撑着的批评，是媒介批评的主体。它可分为界内批评与界外批评两类。这样的区分，描述了运行着的学理性批评的两个基本向度与模式。近期学术界的某些举动所体现出的观念，似乎涂抹了界内批评与界外批评的边线，但这至少现在还缺乏让多数人接受的理由。非学理批评常常表现为印象式情绪化的点评。

Travelling Wave Solutions to a Special Type of Nonlinear Evolution Equation

A unified approach is presented for finding the travelling wave solutions to one kind of nonlinear evolution equation by introducing a concept of 'rank'. The key idea of this method is to make use of the arbitrariness of the manifold in Painlevé analysis. We selected a new expansion variable and thus obtained a rich variety of travelling wave solutions to nonlinear evolution equation, which covered solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions, Weierstrass elliptic function solutions, and rational solutions. Three illustrative equations are investigated by this means, and abundant travelling wave solutions are obtained in a systematic way. In addition, some new solutions are firstly reported here.

Solution of ODE u″+p(u)(u′)2+q(u)=0 and Applications to Classifications of All Single Travelling Wave Solutions to Some Nonlinear Mathematical Physics Equations

Under the travelling wave transformation, some nonlinear partial differential equations such as Camassa-Holm equation, High-order KdV equation, etc., are reduced to an integrable ODE expressed by u＂ ＋p（u）（u＇）^2 ＋ q（u） = 0 whose generai solution can be given. Furthermore, combining complete discrimination system for polynomiai, the classifications of all single travelling wave solutions to these equations are obtained. The equation u＂＋p（u）（u＇）^2＋q（u） = 0 includes the equation （u＇）^2 = f（u） as a special case, so the proposed method can be also applied to a large number of nonlinear equations. These complete results cannot be obtained by any indirect method.

Nonclasssical Properties in Two-Mode Fields Resonantly Interacting with a Three-Level -Type Atom

Some noclassical properties in electromagnetic field are investigated for the interaction of two-modes initially taken in coherent-state representation with the three-level -type atom, such as squeezing properties and violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. The enhancement of field squeezing is found by selective atomic measurement. The Cauchy-Schwartz inequality is violated by the application of the classical field followed by detection in excited state.

Risk assessment model of tunnel water inrush based on improved attribute mathematical theory

Tunnel water inrush is one of the common geological disasters in the underground engineering construction.In order to effectively evaluate and control the occurrence of water inrush,the risk assessment model of tunnel water inrush was proposed based on improved attribute mathematical theory.The trigonometric functions were adopted to optimize the attribute mathematical theory,avoiding the influence of mutation points and linear variation zones in traditional linear measurement functions on the accuracy of the model.Based on comprehensive analysis of various factors,five parameters were selected as the evaluation indicators for the model,including tunnel head pressure,permeability coefficient of surrounding rock,crushing degree of surrounding rock,relative angle of joint plane and tunnel section size,under the principle of dimension rationality,independence,directness and quantification.The indicator classifications were determined.The links among measured data were analyzed in detail,and the objective weight of each indicator was determined by using similar weight method.Thereby the tunnel water inrush risk assessment model is established and applied in four target segments of two different tunnels in engineering.The evaluation results and the actual excavation data agree well,which indicates that the model is of high credibility and feasibility.

VARIATIONAL ITERATION SOLVING METHOD FOR SEA-AIR OSCILLATOR MODEL OF INTERDECADAL CLIMATE FLUCTUATIONS

Atmospheric physics is a very complicated natural phenomenon and needs to simplify its basic models for the sea-air oscillator. And it is solved by using the approximate method. The variational iteration method is a simple and valid method. In this paper the coupled system for a sea-air oscillator model of interdecadal climate fluctuations is considered. Firstly, through introducing a set of functions, and computing the variations, the Lagrange multipliers are obtained. And then, the generalized expressions of variational iteration are constructed. Finally, through selecting appropriate initial iteration from the iteration expressions, the approximations of solution for the sea-air oscillator model are solved successively.

Nonlinear characteristics of induced spontaneous combustion process of sulfide ores

To investigate the relationship between nonlinear parameters and spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ores, nine different sulfide ore samples were taken from a pyrite mine in China, and induced spontaneous combustion experiment was carried out in the laboratory. Different stages of the induced spontaneous combustion process were studied by integrating wavelet technology and nonlinear dynamics theory. The results show that ignition points of all the ore samples are above 330 ℃, indicating that sulfide ores of the pyrite mine are difficult to combust spontaneously under normal mining conditions. Spontaneous combustion process includes three stages： incubation stage, development stage and approaching stage. The average temperature rising rate of the three stages are 1.0 ~C/min, 2.0 ~C/min and 4.2 ~C/min, respectively. During the spontaneous combustion process, mean values of approximate entropy and correlation dimension increase at first, and then decrease in the following stage. The mean value of the maximum Lyapunov exponent increases with the passage of reaction time. In a whole, correlation among the three nonlinear parameters firstly weakens, then enhances, and the best correlation period is at approaching stage. As ignition point increases, the maximum Lyapunov exponent of approaching stage decreases. Therefore, combustible tendency of sulfide ores could be qualitatively evaluated based on the maximum Lyapunov exponent of this stage.

Properties of a Bound Polaron under a Perpendicular Magnetic Field

We investigate the influence of a perpendicular magnetic field on a bound polaron near the interface of a polar-polar semiconductor with Rashba effect. The external magnetic field strongly changes the ground state binding energy of the polaron and the Rashba spin-orbit （SO） interaction originating from the inversion asymmetry in the heterostructure splits the ground state binding energy of the bound polaron. In this paper, we have shown how the ground state binding energy will be with the change of the external magnetic field, the location of a single impurity, the wave vector of the electron and the electron areal density, taking into account the SO coupling. Due to the presence of the phonons, whose energy gives negative contribution to the polaron＇s, the spin-splitting states of the bound polaron are more stable, and we find that in the condition of week magnetic field, the Zeeaman effect can be neglected.

Mucinous nonneoplastic cyst of the pancreas: A truly novel pathological entity?

Recently, a novel and distinct pancreatic cystic tumor termed 'mudnous nonneoplastic' cyst was described in the literature. We report our experience with a 71-year-old female with a cystic tumor in the body of the pancreas demonstrating features suggestive of this diagnosis. We also review the literature regarding this 'novel' pathological entity and discuss critically its existence and its differential diagnoses.

Information Entropy Squeezing for a Atom in Mode-Mode Competition System

The entropy squeezing properties for a two-level atom interacting with a two-mode field via two differentcompeting transitions are investigated from a quantum information point of view.The influences of the initial state of thesystem and the relative coupling strength between the atom and the field on the atomic information entropy squeezingare discussed.Our results show that the squeezed direction and the frequency of the information entropy squeezing canbe controlled by choosing the phase of the atom dipole and the relative competing strength of atom-field,respectively.We find that,under the same condition,no atomic variance squeezing is predicted from the HUR while optimal entropysqueezing is obtained from the EUR,so the quantum information entropy is a remarkable precision measure for theatomic squeezing in the considered system.

Fractal Dromion,Fractal Lump,and Multiple peakon Excitations in a New （2＋1）—Dimensional Long Dispersive Wave SYstem

By means of variable separation approach, quite a general excitation of the new (2 + 1)-dimensional long dispersive wave system: is derived. Some types of the usual localized excitations such as dromions, lumps, rings, and oscillating soliton excitations can be easily constructed by selecting the arbitrary functions appropriately. Besides these usual localized structures, some new localized excitations like fractal-dromion, fractal-lump, and multi-peakon excitations of this new system are found by selecting appropriate functions.

Velocity of a Liquid Drop with a Sorption-Controlled Surfactant

The terminal velocity of a liquid droplet settling in a sulfactant solution has been studied for the non-linear adsorption Langmuir frameworks accounting for monolayer saturation and non-ideal surfactant interactions. Most prior research uses a linear adsorption model which cannot capture these effects, The Maragoni migration of a liquid drop settling through a surfactant solution is examined by using Langmuir framework. The solution concentration Ceq is assumed large enough for the surfactant mass transfer to be adsorption-controlled. Langmuir model generates non-linear Marangoni stresses which diverge in the limit of approaching ∝, strongly retarding U'.

Generating Lie Point Symmetry Groups of (2-10-Dimensional Broer-Kaup Equationvia a Simple Direct Method

Using the (2+1)-dimensional Broer-Kaup equation as an simple example, a new direct method is developed to find symmetry groups and symmetry algebras and then exact solutions of nonlinear mathematical physical equations.

A Hierarchy of Integrable Nonlinear Lattice Equations and New Integrable Symplectic Map

A discrete spectral problem is discussed, and a hierarchy of integrable nonlinear lattice equations related to this spectral problem is devised. The new integrable symplectic map and finite-dimensional integrable systems are given by nonlinearization method. The binary Bargmann constraint gives rise to a B?cklund transformation for the resulting integrable lattice equations.

Non-Lie Symmetry Groups of （2＋1）-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems

A modified direct method is developed to find finite symmetry groups of nonlinear mathematical physics systems. Applying the modified direct method to the well-known （2＋1）-dimensional asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Vesselov equation and Nizhnik Novikov-Vesselov equation, both the Lie point symmetry groups and the non-Lie symmetry groups are obtained. The Lie symmetry groups obtained via traditional Lie approaches are only speciai cases. Furthermore, the expressions of the exact finite transformations of the Lie groups are much simpler than those obtained via the standard approaches.

Numerical analysis on coal-breaking process under high pressure water jet

Based on the theory of nonlinear dynamic finite element,the control equation ofcoal and water jet was acquired in the coal breaking process under a water jet.The calculationmodel of coal breaking under a water jet was established;the fluid-structure couplingof water jet and coal was implemented by penalty function and convection calculation.The dynamic process of coal breaking under a water jet was simulated and analyzed bycombining the united fracture criteria of the maximum tensile strain and the maximal shearstrain in the two cases of damage to coal and damage failure to coal.

New Complexiton Solutions of （1＋1）-Dimensional Dispersive Long Wave Equation

By means of two different Riccati equations with different parameters as subequation in the components of finite rational expansion method, new complexiton solutions for the （1＋1）-dimensional dispersive long wave equation are successfully constructed, which include various combination of trigonometric periodic and hyperbolic function solutions, various combination of trigonometric periodic and rational function solutions, and various combination of hyperbolic and rational function solutions.