[ Objective] In order to study the anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of EGB fermentation extraction biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus. [ Method ] The free radical scavenging ab...[ Objective] In order to study the anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of EGB fermentation extraction biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus. [ Method ] The free radical scavenging ability and reducing capacity of DPPH as well as inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were measured targets for comparing changes of anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of fermentation lyophilizer and fermentation extraction before and after EGB fermention adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin. The EGB fermention was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus. [ Result ] After adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin, the bioactive matters were concentrated and separated. The free radical scavenging rate, reducing capacity and inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were increased significantly after adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin. [ Conclusion] AB-8 macroporous resin could be used for preliminary concentration of EGB fermentation which was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.展开更多
AIM:To develop an affinity peptide that binds to gastric cancer used for the detection of early gastric cancer.METHODS:A peptide screen was performed by biopanning the PhD-12 phage display library,clearing non-specifi...AIM:To develop an affinity peptide that binds to gastric cancer used for the detection of early gastric cancer.METHODS:A peptide screen was performed by biopanning the PhD-12 phage display library,clearing non-specific binders against tumor-adjacent normal appearing gastric mucosa and obtaining selective binding against freshly harvested gastric cancer tissues.Tumortargeted binding of selected peptides was confirmed by bound phage counts,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,competitive inhibition,fluorescence microscopy and semi-quantitative analysis on immunohistochemistry using different types of cancer tissues.RESULTS:Approximately 92.8% of the non-specific phage clones were subtracted from the original phage library after two rounds of biopanning against normal-appearing gastric mucosa.After the third round of positive screening,the peptide sequence AADNAKTKSFPV(AAD) appeared in 25%(12/48) of the analyzed phages.For the control peptide,these values were 6.8 ± 2.3,5.1 ± 1.7,3.5 ± 2.1,4.6 ± 1.9 and 1.1 ± 0.5,respectively.The values for AAD peptide were statistically signif icant(P < 0.01) for gastric cancer as compared with other histological classif ications and control peptide.CONCLUSION:A novel peptide is discovered to have a specific binding activity to gastric cancer,and can be used to distinguish neoplastic from normal gastric mucosa,demonstrating the potential for early cancer detection on endoscopy.展开更多
Adamantiades-Behcet's disease (ABD) is a chronic,relapsing,systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology.It is more prevalent in populations along the ancient Silk Road from Eastern Asia to the Mediterranean Basin,and m...Adamantiades-Behcet's disease (ABD) is a chronic,relapsing,systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology.It is more prevalent in populations along the ancient Silk Road from Eastern Asia to the Mediterranean Basin,and most frequently affects young adults between the second and fourth decades of life.ABD-complicated gastroenteropathy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality,with abdominal pain as the most common symptom.The ileocecal region is affected predominantly,with ulcerations that may lead to penetration and/or perforation,whereas other parts of the gastrointestinal system including the esophagus and stomach can also be affected.Endoscopy is useful to locate the site and extent of the lesions,and tissue biopsy is often warranted to examine the histopathology that is often suggestive of underlying vasculitis of small veins/venules or,alternatively in some cases,nonspecific inflammation.Bowel wall thickening is the most common finding on computed tomography scan.Treatment is largely empirical since well-controlled studies are difficult to conduct due to the heterogeneity of the disease,and the unpredictable course with exacerbation and remission.Corticosteroids with or without other immunosuppressive drugs,such as cyclophosphamide,azathioprine,sulfasalazine,tumor necrosis factor α antagonist or thalidomide should be applied before surgery,except in emergency.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men globally. CRC arises from one or a combination of chromosomal instability, Cp G island methylator phenotype, and micros...Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men globally. CRC arises from one or a combination of chromosomal instability, Cp G island methylator phenotype, and microsatellite instability. Genetic instability is usually caused by aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity. Mutations in the tumor suppressor or cell cycle genes may also lead to cellular transformation. Similarly, epigenetic and/or genetic alterations resulting in impaired cellular pathways, such as DNA repair mechanism, may lead to microsatellite instability and mutator phenotype. Non-coding RNAs, more importantly micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs have also been implicated at various CRC stages. Understanding the specific mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the underlying genetic and epigenetic traits is critical in comprehending the disease phenotype. This paper reviews these mechanisms along with the roles of various non-coding RNAs in CRCs.展开更多
Nonlinear spring characteristics of the tense torsion bar in the gap-closing type electrostatic micromirror are examined. The macro model is introduced for the experimental study. The tension applied in the torsion ba...Nonlinear spring characteristics of the tense torsion bar in the gap-closing type electrostatic micromirror are examined. The macro model is introduced for the experimental study. The tension applied in the torsion bar is well controlled using the electromagnetic attraction. This controllability is suited for clearing the nonlinear nature. The tension is confirmed to have the effect to widen the controllable angle range of the mirror suppressing the pull-in. The pull-in angle is observed to increases to about 74% of the mechanical limit angle at the tension of 0,96 N. This is significantly larger than 44% of the case with the linear spring. The larger resonant frequency is maintained. The hardening of the spring can keep the balance with the electrostatic force over the limit of the linear spring. The observed features are explained reasonably with the combination of twisting and bending displacements of the torsion bar.展开更多
Dysregulation of kinases has been proven to be one of the main causes of abnormal growth and survival of cancer cells.Selective modulations of kinase activities have become the focus of many research programs for the ...Dysregulation of kinases has been proven to be one of the main causes of abnormal growth and survival of cancer cells.Selective modulations of kinase activities have become the focus of many research programs for the development of safe and effective chemotherapy for cancers.So far,fifteen kinase inhibitors have received FDA approval for the treatment of various forms of cancers.Among them,the allosteric kinase inhibitors have been shown to have superior clinical profile in terms of safety and efficacy.In this review,we summarize the allosteric conformations of kinases,their corresponding inhibitors and the modes of their interactions.展开更多
RCAN1, also known as DSCR1, is an endogenous regulator of calcineurin, a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that plays a critical role in many physiological processes. In this report, we demonstrate that p38a MAP ki...RCAN1, also known as DSCR1, is an endogenous regulator of calcineurin, a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that plays a critical role in many physiological processes. In this report, we demonstrate that p38a MAP kinase can phosphorylate RCAN1 at multiple sites in vitro and show that phospho-RCAN1 is a good protein substrate for calcineurin. In addition, we found that unphosphorylated RCANI noncompetitively inhibits calcineurin protein phosphatase activity and that the phosphorylation of RCAN1 by p38a MAP kinase decreases the binding affinity of RCAN1 for calcineurin. These findings reveal the molecular mechanism by which p38a MAP kinase regulates the function of RCAN1/calcineurin through phosphorylation.展开更多
Physical performance is determined both by biophysical and physiological limitations and behav- ioral characteristic, specifically motivation. We applied an experimental evolution approach com- bined with pharmacologi...Physical performance is determined both by biophysical and physiological limitations and behav- ioral characteristic, specifically motivation. We applied an experimental evolution approach com- bined with pharmacological manipulation to test the hypothesis that evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance can be triggered by evolution of motivation to undertake physical activity. We used a unique model system： bank voles from A lines, selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolism （VO2swim）, which achieved a 61% higher mass-adjusted VO2swim than those from un- selected C lines. Because the voles could float on the water surface with only a minimum activity, the maximum rate of metabolism achieved in that test depended not only on their aerobic capacity, but also on motivation to undertake intensive activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that signaling of neurotransmitters putatively involved in regulating physical activity （dopamine and noradrenaline） had changed in response to selection. We measured VO2swim after intraperitoneal injections of sa- line or the norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor bupropion （20 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg）. Additionally, we measured forced-exercise VO2 （VO2max）. In C lines, VO2swim （mass-adjusted mean ± standard error （SE）： 4.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min） was lower than VO2max （5.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min）, but in A lines VO2swim （6.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min） was as high as VO2max （6.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min）. Thus, the selection effectively changed both the physiological-physical performance limit and mechanisms responsible for the willingness to undertake vigorous locomotor activity. Surprisingly, the drug had no effect on the achieved level of VO2swim. Thus, the results did not allow firm conclusions concerning involvement of these neurotransmitters in evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance in the experimental evolution model system.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2003047)~~
文摘[ Objective] In order to study the anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of EGB fermentation extraction biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus. [ Method ] The free radical scavenging ability and reducing capacity of DPPH as well as inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were measured targets for comparing changes of anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of fermentation lyophilizer and fermentation extraction before and after EGB fermention adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin. The EGB fermention was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus. [ Result ] After adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin, the bioactive matters were concentrated and separated. The free radical scavenging rate, reducing capacity and inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were increased significantly after adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin. [ Conclusion] AB-8 macroporous resin could be used for preliminary concentration of EGB fermentation which was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81172359
文摘AIM:To develop an affinity peptide that binds to gastric cancer used for the detection of early gastric cancer.METHODS:A peptide screen was performed by biopanning the PhD-12 phage display library,clearing non-specific binders against tumor-adjacent normal appearing gastric mucosa and obtaining selective binding against freshly harvested gastric cancer tissues.Tumortargeted binding of selected peptides was confirmed by bound phage counts,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,competitive inhibition,fluorescence microscopy and semi-quantitative analysis on immunohistochemistry using different types of cancer tissues.RESULTS:Approximately 92.8% of the non-specific phage clones were subtracted from the original phage library after two rounds of biopanning against normal-appearing gastric mucosa.After the third round of positive screening,the peptide sequence AADNAKTKSFPV(AAD) appeared in 25%(12/48) of the analyzed phages.For the control peptide,these values were 6.8 ± 2.3,5.1 ± 1.7,3.5 ± 2.1,4.6 ± 1.9 and 1.1 ± 0.5,respectively.The values for AAD peptide were statistically signif icant(P < 0.01) for gastric cancer as compared with other histological classif ications and control peptide.CONCLUSION:A novel peptide is discovered to have a specific binding activity to gastric cancer,and can be used to distinguish neoplastic from normal gastric mucosa,demonstrating the potential for early cancer detection on endoscopy.
文摘Adamantiades-Behcet's disease (ABD) is a chronic,relapsing,systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology.It is more prevalent in populations along the ancient Silk Road from Eastern Asia to the Mediterranean Basin,and most frequently affects young adults between the second and fourth decades of life.ABD-complicated gastroenteropathy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality,with abdominal pain as the most common symptom.The ileocecal region is affected predominantly,with ulcerations that may lead to penetration and/or perforation,whereas other parts of the gastrointestinal system including the esophagus and stomach can also be affected.Endoscopy is useful to locate the site and extent of the lesions,and tissue biopsy is often warranted to examine the histopathology that is often suggestive of underlying vasculitis of small veins/venules or,alternatively in some cases,nonspecific inflammation.Bowel wall thickening is the most common finding on computed tomography scan.Treatment is largely empirical since well-controlled studies are difficult to conduct due to the heterogeneity of the disease,and the unpredictable course with exacerbation and remission.Corticosteroids with or without other immunosuppressive drugs,such as cyclophosphamide,azathioprine,sulfasalazine,tumor necrosis factor α antagonist or thalidomide should be applied before surgery,except in emergency.
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common in men globally. CRC arises from one or a combination of chromosomal instability, Cp G island methylator phenotype, and microsatellite instability. Genetic instability is usually caused by aneuploidy and loss of heterozygosity. Mutations in the tumor suppressor or cell cycle genes may also lead to cellular transformation. Similarly, epigenetic and/or genetic alterations resulting in impaired cellular pathways, such as DNA repair mechanism, may lead to microsatellite instability and mutator phenotype. Non-coding RNAs, more importantly micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs have also been implicated at various CRC stages. Understanding the specific mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the underlying genetic and epigenetic traits is critical in comprehending the disease phenotype. This paper reviews these mechanisms along with the roles of various non-coding RNAs in CRCs.
文摘Nonlinear spring characteristics of the tense torsion bar in the gap-closing type electrostatic micromirror are examined. The macro model is introduced for the experimental study. The tension applied in the torsion bar is well controlled using the electromagnetic attraction. This controllability is suited for clearing the nonlinear nature. The tension is confirmed to have the effect to widen the controllable angle range of the mirror suppressing the pull-in. The pull-in angle is observed to increases to about 74% of the mechanical limit angle at the tension of 0,96 N. This is significantly larger than 44% of the case with the linear spring. The larger resonant frequency is maintained. The hardening of the spring can keep the balance with the electrostatic force over the limit of the linear spring. The observed features are explained reasonably with the combination of twisting and bending displacements of the torsion bar.
文摘Dysregulation of kinases has been proven to be one of the main causes of abnormal growth and survival of cancer cells.Selective modulations of kinase activities have become the focus of many research programs for the development of safe and effective chemotherapy for cancers.So far,fifteen kinase inhibitors have received FDA approval for the treatment of various forms of cancers.Among them,the allosteric kinase inhibitors have been shown to have superior clinical profile in terms of safety and efficacy.In this review,we summarize the allosteric conformations of kinases,their corresponding inhibitors and the modes of their interactions.
基金supported in part by Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant 2011CB910803)
文摘RCAN1, also known as DSCR1, is an endogenous regulator of calcineurin, a serine/threonine protein phosphatase that plays a critical role in many physiological processes. In this report, we demonstrate that p38a MAP kinase can phosphorylate RCAN1 at multiple sites in vitro and show that phospho-RCAN1 is a good protein substrate for calcineurin. In addition, we found that unphosphorylated RCANI noncompetitively inhibits calcineurin protein phosphatase activity and that the phosphorylation of RCAN1 by p38a MAP kinase decreases the binding affinity of RCAN1 for calcineurin. These findings reveal the molecular mechanism by which p38a MAP kinase regulates the function of RCAN1/calcineurin through phosphorylation.
文摘Physical performance is determined both by biophysical and physiological limitations and behav- ioral characteristic, specifically motivation. We applied an experimental evolution approach com- bined with pharmacological manipulation to test the hypothesis that evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance can be triggered by evolution of motivation to undertake physical activity. We used a unique model system： bank voles from A lines, selected for high swim-induced aerobic metabolism （VO2swim）, which achieved a 61% higher mass-adjusted VO2swim than those from un- selected C lines. Because the voles could float on the water surface with only a minimum activity, the maximum rate of metabolism achieved in that test depended not only on their aerobic capacity, but also on motivation to undertake intensive activity. Therefore, we hypothesized that signaling of neurotransmitters putatively involved in regulating physical activity （dopamine and noradrenaline） had changed in response to selection. We measured VO2swim after intraperitoneal injections of sa- line or the norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor bupropion （20 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg）. Additionally, we measured forced-exercise VO2 （VO2max）. In C lines, VO2swim （mass-adjusted mean ± standard error （SE）： 4.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min） was lower than VO2max （5.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min）, but in A lines VO2swim （6.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min） was as high as VO2max （6.0 ± 0.1 mLO2/min）. Thus, the selection effectively changed both the physiological-physical performance limit and mechanisms responsible for the willingness to undertake vigorous locomotor activity. Surprisingly, the drug had no effect on the achieved level of VO2swim. Thus, the results did not allow firm conclusions concerning involvement of these neurotransmitters in evolution of increased aerobic exercise performance in the experimental evolution model system.
