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网格中的等视域:优势与限制
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作者 露丝·道尔顿 尼克·S·道尔顿 +2 位作者 山姆·麦克尔希尼 帕纳吉奥蒂斯·马夫罗斯 罗维祯(译) 《城市设计》 2022年第4期46-59,共14页
本文旨在探寻不同类型的网格并扩展对等视域网格基本原理的研究,从而确定是否存在最优的网格类型以及它的定义。我们首先讨论如何选择网格单元大小(等视域生成位置的间距),并通过一些实例展示在现实世界的空间系统中网格的大小、方向及... 本文旨在探寻不同类型的网格并扩展对等视域网格基本原理的研究,从而确定是否存在最优的网格类型以及它的定义。我们首先讨论如何选择网格单元大小(等视域生成位置的间距),并通过一些实例展示在现实世界的空间系统中网格的大小、方向及原点对空间句法计算结果产生的不同影响。由于正交网格通常无法与曲线匹配,当建筑或城市空间包含曲面墙时,我们将展示正交网格所产生的特殊问题。本文讨论的另一个问题是网格空间和孔径大小错配,这种情况通常发生在有小开口或走廊形状的空间(较大的网格会忽略这些空间)。后半部分,我们将探索笛卡尔正交网格的替代方案,并提出一些可能的网格类型,然后介绍一种全新的可见性图分析方法,我们称之为受限随机可见性图分析,或R-VGA。通过在一些测试用例中使用R-VGA分析,我们将证明该分析方法相比于常用的、基于正方形网格的VGA分析的显著优势。最后,我们将提出一个用于VGA及其衍生分析方法的分类法建议,从而形成一个完整的可见性分析类别。 展开更多
关键词 等视域 视觉关系分析 网格 非标准网格 随机等视域
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Recent Advances to Change the Standards in Designing Hulls in Waves, a Validation Using an Efficient SWENSE Level-Set Approach
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作者 Ivan Schrooyen Mikael Berton Karl Randle 《Journal of Shipping and Ocean Engineering》 2016年第6期323-338,共16页
This paper presents recent naval applications of the SWENSE (Spectral Wave Explicit Navier-Stokes Equations) approach implemented for the first time with high order fully unstructured schemes and an efficient level-... This paper presents recent naval applications of the SWENSE (Spectral Wave Explicit Navier-Stokes Equations) approach implemented for the first time with high order fully unstructured schemes and an efficient level-set method to capture free surface flows around realistic hull geometries. Numerical simulations in waves and/or viscous flows still lead generally to very large CPU times because of grid requirements to ensure a good propagation of incident waves in the meshed part of the fluid domain that makes unreachable any hull design optimization process in an industrial context. Furthermore, even if the SWENSE method clearly shows promising results in an academic context in both regular and irregular waves, the most recent publications still highlight several issues that remain unresolved up to now, e.g. poor scalability, diffusive wake pattern, non-versatile structured mesh approaches and only very few validation test cases are carried out on Wigley or DTMB 5415 hulls. In order to overcome those numerical difficulties and get an in-depth validation of the method on several cases in realistic wave conditions, a two and a half years' research project has been achieved involving several steps, starting by a set of dedicated model test experiments later used as reference for the validation of the method. The CFD commercial code ANANASTM used and developed in this research program is presented and validated in detail. The use of high order schemes on unstructured grids in combination with these SWENSE method and level-set approach offer to the maritime industry an innovative and state of the art method to achieve unequaled accuracy, low computation time and some unique advantages such as, amongst others, the end of the numerical wave propagation problems. The results of the validation were pleasing and can be considered as acceptable in general, with some challenges remaining to the solyed. Results obtained indicate that an optimization processes in waves in realistic conditions is now affordable in an industrial context. 展开更多
关键词 CFD simulation SWENSE LEVEL-SET ship design optimization WAVES added drag.
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