MOW回用处理过程纸浆中非纤维组分的去除特征研究

本研究模拟了混合办公废纸(MOW)的碱法制浆过程,探讨了在“碎浆-浮选-洗涤-漂白”回用处理各环节中,纸浆非纤维组分的去除特征。结果表明,在碎浆环节,灰分和淀粉的脱除率分别为71.5%和59.5%,此时油墨、溶解和胶体物质(DCS)和Ca^(2+)的脱除率均较低,分别为29.4%、18.4%和28.8%。在浮选环节,油墨和Ca^(2+)的脱除率分别提升53.5个百分点和31.2个百分点,而其他非纤维组分的去除效果一般。在洗涤环节,淀粉和DCS的去除特征明显,脱除率分别提升9.6个百分点和9.4个百分点;在漂白环节,纸浆中非纤维组分的去除效果受漂白条件的影响较小。综上所述,MOW经过回用处理,所得纸浆中油墨、灰分、淀粉和Ca^(2+)的含量均明显降低,但仍在纸浆中有不同程度的保留。

Changes of macromolecular organizations in nonjunctional sarcolemmas after cross-innervation──a study offast-and slow-twitch muscle fibres in rats

The purpose of the present study was to analyse the changes of macromolecular organizations in nonjunctional sarcolemmas of different types of skeletal muscle fibres after cross-innervation. In normal rats the mean density of square arrays (6 nm particles organized in orthogonal arrays) was 9.02/μm2 for the nonjunctional sarcolemmas of fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (control EDL,CE) nuscle fibres and 0.34/μm2 for the nonjunctional sarcolemmas of slow-twitch soleus (control SOL, CS) muscle fibres. After cross-innervation between the fast-twitch EDL and slow-twitch SOL muscle fibres by slow and fast muscle merves respectively for three months, the mean density was 0.45/μm2 for the nonjunetional sarcolemmas of the operated-EDL (OE) and 8.3/μm2 for the nonjunctional sarcolemmas of the operated SOL (OS). This indicates that the cross-innervation causes a reciprocal transformation of the number and distribution of such macromolecular organizations in the electrically excitable nonjunctional sarcolemmas.