地下隧道抗震安全性分析方法

针对设计地震动的变异性,提出了地下隧道抗震安全性分析的蒙特卡罗方法。1建立地下隧道非线性地震响应分析模型。采用粘弹性边界方法和地震动输入等效节点力方法模拟半无限场地的地震激励,结合通用有限元软件ANSYS,建立地下隧道地震响应分析模型,模型采用等效线性化方法模拟土体非线性,采用瑞利阻尼和材料阻尼相结合方法模拟土体阻尼,分别考虑衬砌中混凝土和钢筋的非线性,并考虑衬砌和土体之间的接触问题。2确定设计地震动,然后利用模拟产生目标谱符合某一设计地震动时变功率谱的非平稳地震动模拟方法,产生若干条与设计地震动具有同一统计特征的非平稳地震动。3进行样本地震动激励下的地下隧道非线性地震响应分析,求得地下隧道地震响应的变异性。该研究为地下隧道抗震安全性分析提供了一种简单实用的方法,对地下隧道抗震设计有一定的参考价值。

分析土和结构相互作用的一种实用耦合方法

提出一种新的数值解与解析解耦合的理论和计算方法,研究土-结构相互作用(SSI)体系的地震动力响应。采用大型有限元软件OpenSees模拟复杂结构的非线性行为,用等效线弹性频域内解析解模拟地基土的行为,使用时域离散递归方法将频域内的解析解转化到时域内,再通过子结构边界上力和位移的协调条件来求解。二者之间的耦合和实时数据交流通过CS集成方法来实现。以一个单自由度算例和一个实际工程为例,验证此方法的精度、稳定性和工程实用性,对比在考虑和不考虑SSI体系情况下结构动力响应的区别。本文所提的耦合SSI计算方法和部分研究成果可为工程设计人员提供参考。

混凝土大坝抗震安全评价的发展趋向

一大批世界级超高拱坝已经和即将在我国西南和西北强地震活动区进行建设。大坝在国民经济发展中占有重要地位,大坝的抗震安全评价将成为我国地震工程研究的一个重要方向。本文对大坝抗震安全评价的研究现状进行了扼要总结,特别对大坝抗震安全有关的若干重要技术问题进行了深入讨论。其中包括抗震设防标准与地震动输入模式;混凝土材料的率敏感特性及其对大坝地震响应的影响;坝-水库-地基动力相互作用效应;强震时拱坝横缝的非线性张合效应;混凝土大坝的非线性地震响应与损伤发展的模拟等。对现有分析模型和方法的有效性及其局限性进行了评述。最后,对该课题今后进一步研究的方向提出了建议。

Nonlinear analysis of pounding between decks of multi-span bridge subjected to multi-support and multi-dimensional earthquake excitation

The nonlinear analysis of pounding between bridge deck segments subjected to multi-support excitations and multi-dimensional earthquake motion was performed.A novel bottom rigid element(BRE)method of the current displacement input model for structural seismic analysis under the multi-support excitations was used to calculate structural dynamic response.In the analysis,pounding between adjacent deck segments was considered.The seismic response of a multi-span bridge subjected to the multi-support excitation,considering not only the traveling-wave effect and partial coherence effect,but also the seismic non-stationary characteristics of multi-support earthquake motion,was simulated using finite element method(FEM).Meanwhile,the seismic response of the bridge under uniform earthquake was also analyzed.Finally,comparative analysis was conducted and some calculation results were shown for pounding effect,under multi-dimensional and multi-support earthquake motion,when performing seismic response analysis of multi-span bridge.Compared with the case of uniform/multi-support/multi-support and multi-dimensional earthquake input,the maximum values of pounding force in the case of multi-support and multi-dimensional earthquake input increase by about 5 8 times;the absolute value of bottom moment and shear force of piers increase by about50%600%and 23.1%900%,respectively.A conclusion can be given that it is very necessary to consider the pounding effect under multi-dimensional and multi-support earthquake motion while performing seismic response analysis of multi-span bridge.

Nonlinear Seismic Response of Steel Concentrically Braced Frames Using Endurance Time Analysis Method

In present paper application of Endurance Time Analysis （ETA） method in nonlinear seismic assessment of steel concentrically braced frames is studied. In this method structure is subjected to a set of predesigned increasing acceleration functions and various responses of the structure are recorded during synthetic seismic excitation. The averages of maximum values for various responses in Nonlinear Time-History Analyses （NTHA） extracted from real ground motions are expected to be close to those obtained from ETA up to equivalent target time. For this purpose a set of 9, 11, 13 and 15 stories steel frames were designed and plastic hinge method was selected as source of nonlinearity in all cases. Responses were compared based on interstory drift ratio and story shear in two methods and results show satisfactory consistency between two methods. Finally, it was concluded that the ETA method can be used as alternative method in nonlinear seismic analysis of concentrically braced steel frames.