Objectives： Heart rate variability （HRV） can be a simple, non-invasive method of gauging cardiac autonomic nervous system fluctuations across periodised training workloads and taper in elite athlete populations. Th...Objectives： Heart rate variability （HRV） can be a simple, non-invasive method of gauging cardiac autonomic nervous system fluctuations across periodised training workloads and taper in elite athlete populations. The purpose of these three case studies was to examine daily cardiac autonomic variations in Paralympic athletes leading in to the Paralympic games. Methods： Three Paralympie gold medallist swimmers were monitored daily for their resting HRV over a 17-week monitoring period leading up to the Paralympic games. Specific time- and frequency-domain measures, along with non-linear indices of HRV were calculated for all analyses. All HRV data were analysed individually using daily values, weekly average values, and average values for rest and training phases. Results： A significant difference in HRV was seen for all variables between athlete 1 and athletes 2 and 3 （amputee disabilities） during the entire monitoring period. Conclusion： Despite minimal long-term changes, both swimming classification and disability type significantly influence HRV during athlete monitoring. An increased understanding of individual responses to training, travel, and other outside influences affecting Paralympic athletes could potentially lead to improved management and monitoring of training workloads for enhanced nerformance.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative effect of external application of the Chinese drug,Sanjierupi Gao,on mastalgia caused by mammary gland hyperplasia.METHODS:This randomized,double-blinded,and placebo controlled study...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative effect of external application of the Chinese drug,Sanjierupi Gao,on mastalgia caused by mammary gland hyperplasia.METHODS:This randomized,double-blinded,and placebo controlled study enrolled 260 patients with mammary gland hyperplasia from five hospitals.Patients were randomly and equally divided in-to a Sanjierupi Gao treatment group and a placebo control group.An adhesive plaster was applied to the most painful area on either breast for 7 h a day.Treatment lasted for two menstrual cycles without application during menstruation.Mastalgia was used as the main index of curative effect.The change before and after treatment in days of mastalgia,the time to alleviate pain,pain extent,and severe pain scores were observed.RESULTS:Compared to the control group,the treatment group had significantly fewer days of mastalgia(P<0.01),a significantly lower severe pain score(P<0.01),and significantly less subjective pain and tenderness(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively).Three days before the follow-up visit,the pain score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).A non-parametric test was used to compare the time to alleviate mastalgia between the two groups and found no statistical difference(Z=0.313,P=0.754).CONCLUSION:Application of Sanjierupi Gao can decrease mastalgia duration in patients with mammary gland hyperplasia during menstruation and alleviate the extent of mastalgia.The time to alleviate pain is psychologically influenced.展开更多
Investigation of early stages of crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not follow the classic route.In the early stages of inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites...Investigation of early stages of crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not follow the classic route.In the early stages of inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites may aggregate into large and disordered particles with the assistance of some polymers or biomolecules.Surface crystallization of these aggregates would then take place to form shells with high crystallinity and density,followed by an extension of the crystallization from surface to core.This so-called reversed crystal growth mechanism has been found in crystallization of several inorganic compounds including zeolites,perovskites,metals and metal oxides,and will be identified in more material systems.The establishment of this new crystal growth route gave us more freedom to control the morphology of crystals and to understand the formation mechanism of many natural minerals.This article gives a brief review of the recent research in this field by featuring some typical examples of the reversed crystal growth.展开更多
文摘Objectives： Heart rate variability （HRV） can be a simple, non-invasive method of gauging cardiac autonomic nervous system fluctuations across periodised training workloads and taper in elite athlete populations. The purpose of these three case studies was to examine daily cardiac autonomic variations in Paralympic athletes leading in to the Paralympic games. Methods： Three Paralympie gold medallist swimmers were monitored daily for their resting HRV over a 17-week monitoring period leading up to the Paralympic games. Specific time- and frequency-domain measures, along with non-linear indices of HRV were calculated for all analyses. All HRV data were analysed individually using daily values, weekly average values, and average values for rest and training phases. Results： A significant difference in HRV was seen for all variables between athlete 1 and athletes 2 and 3 （amputee disabilities） during the entire monitoring period. Conclusion： Despite minimal long-term changes, both swimming classification and disability type significantly influence HRV during athlete monitoring. An increased understanding of individual responses to training, travel, and other outside influences affecting Paralympic athletes could potentially lead to improved management and monitoring of training workloads for enhanced nerformance.
基金Supported by a Demonstrative Project of Research into Specific Therapy and Technology of External Application in Traditional Chinese MedicineNational Sci-Tech Plan of the Ministry of Science and Technology in the 11th 5-Year Plan(2008BAI53B053)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative effect of external application of the Chinese drug,Sanjierupi Gao,on mastalgia caused by mammary gland hyperplasia.METHODS:This randomized,double-blinded,and placebo controlled study enrolled 260 patients with mammary gland hyperplasia from five hospitals.Patients were randomly and equally divided in-to a Sanjierupi Gao treatment group and a placebo control group.An adhesive plaster was applied to the most painful area on either breast for 7 h a day.Treatment lasted for two menstrual cycles without application during menstruation.Mastalgia was used as the main index of curative effect.The change before and after treatment in days of mastalgia,the time to alleviate pain,pain extent,and severe pain scores were observed.RESULTS:Compared to the control group,the treatment group had significantly fewer days of mastalgia(P<0.01),a significantly lower severe pain score(P<0.01),and significantly less subjective pain and tenderness(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively).Three days before the follow-up visit,the pain score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).A non-parametric test was used to compare the time to alleviate mastalgia between the two groups and found no statistical difference(Z=0.313,P=0.754).CONCLUSION:Application of Sanjierupi Gao can decrease mastalgia duration in patients with mammary gland hyperplasia during menstruation and alleviate the extent of mastalgia.The time to alleviate pain is psychologically influenced.
文摘Investigation of early stages of crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not follow the classic route.In the early stages of inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites may aggregate into large and disordered particles with the assistance of some polymers or biomolecules.Surface crystallization of these aggregates would then take place to form shells with high crystallinity and density,followed by an extension of the crystallization from surface to core.This so-called reversed crystal growth mechanism has been found in crystallization of several inorganic compounds including zeolites,perovskites,metals and metal oxides,and will be identified in more material systems.The establishment of this new crystal growth route gave us more freedom to control the morphology of crystals and to understand the formation mechanism of many natural minerals.This article gives a brief review of the recent research in this field by featuring some typical examples of the reversed crystal growth.
