There are natural ethical debates in ecological ethics, namely whether nature has intrinsic value, whether the nature has its rights. Theoretical basis of argument is the opposite of anthropocentrism and non- anthropo...There are natural ethical debates in ecological ethics, namely whether nature has intrinsic value, whether the nature has its rights. Theoretical basis of argument is the opposite of anthropocentrism and non- anthropocentrism. Ecological ethics controversy concerns the core issue of the relationship between human and nature of the ecological ethics about nature, to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between mankind and nature, ecological ethics and ecological ethics is the starting point and destination debates.展开更多
Over the last 30 years, environmental philosophers and ecological researchers have turned their attention to the possibilities of narratives： the stories people tell about their lives in conjunction with the human an...Over the last 30 years, environmental philosophers and ecological researchers have turned their attention to the possibilities of narratives： the stories people tell about their lives in conjunction with the human and non-human agents they live with. An interest in narrative environmental ethics reflects a re-evaluation of canonical ecophilosophical texts. Works such as Paul W. Taylor＇s Respect for Nature suggest an essentialist view of environmental ethics in which predetermined principles are imposed on places and situations. On the other hand, Aldo Leopold＇s A Sand County Almanac combines first-person prose with science-based explanations of the ＂biotic pyramid＂ towards the development of a land ethic. Examples, such as Leopold＇s, of narrative ethics are thought to offer relational, place-based, non-authoritative, and non-anthropocentric models. This article examines three critical components of environmental narratives： self, context, and tradition. In order for environmental narratives to advance ecological ethics, they must be accompanied by the tradition of natural science （geology, ecology, and evolution） to provide the ＂sponsoring ground＂ for ethical concern and action. The role of natural science as a tradition--and indeed one of many--in narrative ethics provides the basis for ecological selfhood in the context of place. These assertions will be supported by an analysis of the environmental narratives of Karen Warren and Jim Cheney. However, in the temporally expansive and ecologically conscious poetic narratives of John Kinsella we find an environmental ethics deeply rooted in the material realities of place.展开更多
Oil and gas exploration in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria began some fifty four （54） years ago. Since the early sixties till now, oil from this region of the Nigeria has been the major foreign exchange earner for...Oil and gas exploration in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria began some fifty four （54） years ago. Since the early sixties till now, oil from this region of the Nigeria has been the major foreign exchange earner for the sustenance of the economy. Unfortunate to note is the fact that since oil exploration and exploitation began in the country in the Niger Delta, the region had not been at peace. The region had suffered all forms of environmental degradation resulting from crude oil spillage and gas flares. The peoples＇ source of livelihood has been destabilized thereby leading to high rate of poverty, social crises/conflict and involuntary migration of people for both security and succour. The people of the region are thus in severe pains and risk of extermination should the present trend of environmental degradation and negligence persist. Thus, this paper addresses the plight of the Niger Delta as a case study of the effect of environmental degradation on human vulnerability. It is believed that continuous existence of the Niger Delta people as a social sect is dependent on how prompt efforts are made to combat the environment nuisance in the region.展开更多
文摘There are natural ethical debates in ecological ethics, namely whether nature has intrinsic value, whether the nature has its rights. Theoretical basis of argument is the opposite of anthropocentrism and non- anthropocentrism. Ecological ethics controversy concerns the core issue of the relationship between human and nature of the ecological ethics about nature, to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between mankind and nature, ecological ethics and ecological ethics is the starting point and destination debates.
文摘Over the last 30 years, environmental philosophers and ecological researchers have turned their attention to the possibilities of narratives： the stories people tell about their lives in conjunction with the human and non-human agents they live with. An interest in narrative environmental ethics reflects a re-evaluation of canonical ecophilosophical texts. Works such as Paul W. Taylor＇s Respect for Nature suggest an essentialist view of environmental ethics in which predetermined principles are imposed on places and situations. On the other hand, Aldo Leopold＇s A Sand County Almanac combines first-person prose with science-based explanations of the ＂biotic pyramid＂ towards the development of a land ethic. Examples, such as Leopold＇s, of narrative ethics are thought to offer relational, place-based, non-authoritative, and non-anthropocentric models. This article examines three critical components of environmental narratives： self, context, and tradition. In order for environmental narratives to advance ecological ethics, they must be accompanied by the tradition of natural science （geology, ecology, and evolution） to provide the ＂sponsoring ground＂ for ethical concern and action. The role of natural science as a tradition--and indeed one of many--in narrative ethics provides the basis for ecological selfhood in the context of place. These assertions will be supported by an analysis of the environmental narratives of Karen Warren and Jim Cheney. However, in the temporally expansive and ecologically conscious poetic narratives of John Kinsella we find an environmental ethics deeply rooted in the material realities of place.
文摘Oil and gas exploration in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria began some fifty four （54） years ago. Since the early sixties till now, oil from this region of the Nigeria has been the major foreign exchange earner for the sustenance of the economy. Unfortunate to note is the fact that since oil exploration and exploitation began in the country in the Niger Delta, the region had not been at peace. The region had suffered all forms of environmental degradation resulting from crude oil spillage and gas flares. The peoples＇ source of livelihood has been destabilized thereby leading to high rate of poverty, social crises/conflict and involuntary migration of people for both security and succour. The people of the region are thus in severe pains and risk of extermination should the present trend of environmental degradation and negligence persist. Thus, this paper addresses the plight of the Niger Delta as a case study of the effect of environmental degradation on human vulnerability. It is believed that continuous existence of the Niger Delta people as a social sect is dependent on how prompt efforts are made to combat the environment nuisance in the region.
