埃他卡林等三种结构类型的钾通道开放剂对非血管平滑肌舒张作用的选择性

目的:研究新结构类型的ATP敏感性钾通道(KATP)开放剂(KCO)、抗高血压新药埃他卡林(iptakalim,Ipt)对胃、回肠和膀胱等非血管平滑肌舒张作用的影响,并比较Ipt与其结构完全不同的KCO、氰胍类的吡那地尔(pinacidil,Pin)和苯并噻二嗪类的二氮嗪(diazoxide,Dia)舒张作用的差异,为进一步明确Ipt舒张作用的选择性特征提供一定的依据。方法:采用大鼠离体胃底、回肠和膀胱肌条3种组织,以10-5mol·L-1乙酰胆碱预收缩,观察不同浓度的药物对它们的舒张作用。结果:Ipt在10-8～10-4mol·L-1范围内对3种组织均无显著的舒张作用;Pin在10-8～10-4mol·L-1范围内对胃底条和膀胱平滑肌等均无显著的舒张作用,但在10-5和10-4mol·L-1时对回肠的舒张率分为28.8%和51.9%,诱发显著的舒张作用;Dia对3种组织的作用与Ipt相似,均不引起明显的舒张作用。结论:Ipt不影响胃、回肠和膀胱的舒张作用,选择性优于Pin,与Dia相似;化学结构类型不同的KCO对回肠、胃和膀胱的作用既相似也有不同。

自主神经控制与近视眼发病机制的研究进展

近年来,近视眼的发病率逐年提高且有低龄化趋势。儿童青少年近视眼的防控问题,已得到全社会和国家主管部门的广泛关注。有关近视眼发病机制的研究,已成为当前的研究热点。眼部的自主神经影响着眼的调节功能、血流微循环及眼内压的变化,在近视眼的发生与发展中扮演了十分重要的角色。本文中笔者就眼部自主神经影响近视眼的作用机制进行综述。

miRNAs and lncRNAs in vascular injury and remodeling

Vascular injury,remodeling,as well as angiogenesis,are the leading causes of coronary or cerebrovascular disease.The blood vessel functional imbalance trends to induce atherosclerosis,hypertension,and pulmonary arterial hypertension.As several genes have been identified to be dynamically regulated during vascular injury and remodeling,it is becoming widely accepted that several types of non-coding RNA,such as microRNAs(miRNAs)and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),are involved in regulating the endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)behaviors.Here,we review the progress of the extant studies on mechanistic,clinical and diagnostic implications of miRNAs and lncRNAs in vascular injury and remodeling,as well as angiogenesis,emphasizing the important roles of miRNAs and lncRNAs in vascular diseases.Furthermore,we introduce the interaction between miRNAs and lncRNAs,and highlight the mechanism through which lncRNAs are regulating the miRNA function.We envisage that continuous in-depth research of non-coding RNAs in vascular disease will have significant implications for the treatment of coronary or cerebrovascular diseases.