组织间信任:收益机制、情境限制及调节策略

在以往研究中,人们通常接受这样的假定:组织间信任必然会给组织与外部的交易带来正向收益。然而,组织间信任对交易收益也可能会产生组织不希望出现的负面影响。为此,我们重新审视了这一假说并发展了更为全面的理论框架来解释这一内部机制。首先,文章探讨组织间信任的内涵要素,进而分析组织间信任中计算性成分与非计算性成分的不同组合对交易收益的作用机制,从逻辑上推演出组织间信任与交易收益之间存在一种倒U型的关系;其次,提出两个重要的情境因素即信任的非对称性和环境的不确定性,讨论它们分别对上述倒U型关系的负向调节作用;再者,提出一组能够应对不同情境限制而同时仍然可增进或保持有益交易结果的调节策略;最后,讨论本研究的启示和未来研究可能的方向。

Generation of Flat Supercontinuum in a Single-mode Optical Fiber with a Convex Chromatic Dispersion Profile

A single-mode optical fiber with a convex chromatic dispersion profile is proposed for generating a flat supercontinuum(SC).The fiber has normal dispersion and the dispersion parameter D(λ,z) is a convex function of wavelengths.It is shown from the numerical results that the chromatic dispersion,the flatness of the dispersion curve and the pump conditions have significant effect on SC generation.A flat and broad SC without strong residual pump component can be obtained when the pump wavelength is set in the vicinity of the wavelength at which the fiber has small normal group-velocity dispersion(GVD) and small dispersion slope.The fiber with a smaller normal GVD,a flatter dispersion profile and a higher nonlinear coefficient are more suitable for broad SC generation.