基于题材面事件的上市公司亏损特质研究

本文分别从亏损上市公司发生的重组、高管变更、盈余管理、关联方交易及政府挽救等事件进行研究,发现上市公司在亏损当年发生的题材面事件频率较高、种类较多,且对公司的价值影响较大;对于亏损上市公司而言,其会计盈余的价值相关性相对较弱,而各类题材面事件的预期收益表现出较强的价值相关性。

从文化挪用到设计自信——由“马面裙”事件引发的设计批评思考

从近年Dior新款裙撞衫中国“马面裙”事件入手,以设计批评的视角反思引起争论的3个问题。首先从马面裙款式和Dior经典裙款式入手进行多维度的解析,明确Dior所呈现的“原创裙”原创成分较少;其次从西方误导的韩国传统服饰“裳”与中国明代“马面裙”进行历史和当代两个维度比较,否定灵感源自韩国传统服饰,在款式上看二者似乎有相似之处,但还原历史,可以解释为“裳”通过“赐服”传入朝鲜半岛,形成当下的传统服饰原型;最后就是否构成“文化挪用”进行讨论,进一步思考和应对全球范畴之内非西方文化以“被挪用”的姿态进入了西方设计的叙事之中,这也是目前设计的普遍问题。基于设计批评的视角,一方面就“马面裙”事件是否构成“文化挪用”进行讨论,另一方面面向未来,就中国传统文化如何在全球化语境中树立文化自信、设计自信,自觉抵御西方中心主义,形成中国风格的设计主体性展开论述。

黄土坡面径流侵蚀泥沙的空间动态及其尺度关系

为认识近自然非治理状态下坡面系统径流侵蚀输沙的空间变化及其尺度关系,以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区团山沟集水区为例,筛选28次全坡面径流侵蚀产沙事件,选取或构建8类径流参量,建立了基于事件的尺度间的水沙关系,对径流泥沙动态进行量化描述。研究结果表明,输沙模数、平均及最大含沙量均在全坡面尺度达到最大值,变异系数则达到最小值。坡面土壤侵蚀防治应重点控制侵蚀能量的增长,改善侵蚀泥沙的输移条件,实现坡面系统的低输出平衡。

基于模糊预测对象的证据权方法及其在土地沙漠化评价中的应用

为了使在地理信息系统中被广泛用于点事件预测的证据权方法能对面事件进行评价和预测,提出了一种新的基于模糊训练层的证据权方法.它是一种更广泛的证据权方法,与普通证据权方法所不同的是,它的训练层是模糊集合,其取值是它的隶属度.通过适当的变换也可以把点训练层转换为模糊集合.因此,该方法可以对面事件、点事件和线事件进行评价和预测.该方法可以处理训练层和证据层均为模糊集合的情况,被称为双重模糊证据权方法.作为该方法的一个应用实例,本文介绍毛乌素沙漠边缘的晋陕蒙地区土地沙漠化评价的应用实例.

DESIGN OF WINDOW BASED AND OBJECT ORIENTED GUI

This paper discusses the design concept and method about window based and object oriented Graphic User Interface(GUI),and describes the definition of each class in detail. It is developed with Watcom C ++ in DOS environment.The GUI can be redeveloped conveniently and effectively by users.It consists of window,popup menu,icon,button and other components.

右江盆地二叠纪孤立碳酸盐岩台地边缘海绵礁特征、时代及海绵礁相

右江盆地二叠纪孤立碳酸盐岩台地边缘海绵礁由于生长在不同的古地理位置,因而具有两种类型的海绵礁特征;成礁期可确定在中二叠统祥播阶晚期→晚二叠统;海绵礁造礁旋回由礁基→礁核→礁坪→礁滩→礁顶组成。对Ⅰ类海绵礁底部所产生的不整合面,文章首次提出属事件沉积不整合面,并对其成因做了探讨。

Interannual variability of transport and bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current in the tropical North Pacific Ocean

The relationship of the interannual variability of the transport and bifurcation latitude of the North Equatorial Current （NEC） to the E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） is investigated. This is done through composite analysis of sea surface height （SSH） observed by satellite altimeter during October 1992-July 2009, and correspondingly derived sea surface geostrophic currents. During E1 Nifio/La Nifia years, the SSH in the tropical North Pacific Ocean falls/rises, with maximum changes in the region 0-15~N, 130~E-160~E. The decrease/increase in SSH induces a cyclonic/anticyclonic anomaly in the western tropical gyre. The cyclonic/anticyclonic anomaly in the gyre results in an increase/decrease of NEC transport, and a northward/southward shift of the NEC bifurcation latitude near the Philippine coast. The variations are mainly in response to anomalous wind forcing in the west-central tropical North Pacific Ocean, related to ENSO events.

Single Production of Top Quark via e^-γ Collision in Left-Right Twin Higgs Model

In the context of the left-right twin Higgs （LRTH） model, we fist study single production of the standard model （SM） top quark via e-γ collisions. We find that the corrections of the LRTH model to the cross section of the process e-γ→vebt might be observed only for f ≤750 GeV and the heavy top quark mass scale M ≥500 GeV in future high energy linear e^＋e^- collider （LC） experiment with the center-of-mass （CM） energy √s = 500 GeV and a yearly integrated luminosity of ￡ = 100 fb^-1. We also consider single production of the heavy top quark T via e-γ collisions. Our numerical results show that the possible signals of the heavy top quark T might be observed via the decay channel T →Ф^＋b→tbb in future LC experiment with √s = 3 TeV and ￡ = 500 fb^-1.

Evolved Urban Form to Respond to Extreme Sea Level Events in Coastal Cities

Along with climate change and global warming, ESLEs （extreme sea level events） are seriously threatening coastal cities＇ development. In order to respond to such events, transformational adaptation strategy in urban planning might play an important role. For instance, it has been proposed that BCR （building coverage ratio） should be minimized to a certain range in order to enhance coastal areas＇ resiliency. For the purpose of urban planning practices, the main objective of this research is to develop a method which could formulate the proper BCR range in vulnerable coastal areas. The research is conducted through simulating storm surge floods in simplified waterfront settlements with different BCRs. Data representing the impact of ESLEs collected through CFD （computational fluid dynamic） simulations has been examined. This research has proved that in dense coastal areas, ESLEs may cause serious damage to the built environment if their protective structures fail. It showed that controlling BCR is an effective way to enhance their resiliency. When the BCR is low, the pressure caused by storm surge floods and wave height can be greatly reduced. However, decreased BCR may also reduce land utilization efficiency. Simulation results indicated that controlling the BCR to around 36% might be the most effective scenario which balances resiliency and land use efficiency. They also showed that under the same storm surge flood scenario, the pressures caused by flood waves could be reduced if the length of the building is increased. This study might be considered as transformational adaptation measures that contributes some knowledge for waterfront development in vulnerable locations, and it also provides scientific and useful proof for sustainable strategies in coastal cities and reveals that particular urban design tools, such as BCR control, could play an essential role in responding to ESLEs.

STUDY OF A COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING INDEX FOR TWO TYPES OF ENSO EVENTS

Some recent studies presented two existing types of ENSO events, one is the Eastern-Pacific(EP) type and the other the Central-Pacific(CP) type. This study examined the monitoring ability of several current operational ENSO indices. The results indicated that a single index could not distinguish the EP and CP in the historical ENSO events during 1950-2009. The Nio 3 index may only be suitable for monitoring the EP-type ENSO, while the Nio 4 index works only for the CP-type ENSO. In order to capture the occurrence of ENSO events and distinguish the type, we considered a new monitoring index group using Nio 3 and Nio 4 indices. Further analysis confirmed that this index group can monitor different types of historical ENSO events with different spatial distribution of sea surface temperature. It has a good performance in determining the characteristics of the ENSO events, including peak intensity, onset,decay, and mature phase.

Public Key Cryptosystem Based on Two Sided Action of Different Exotic Semirings

The idempotent semirings Rmax and Rmin play a crucial role in several areas of mathematics and their applications such as discrete mathematics, algebraic geometry, computer science, computer languages, linguistic problems, optimization theory, discrete event systems, fuzzy logics. In this paper we consider the expansion of the semirings Rmax and Rmin with residuals and describe how to use these expended semirings in public key cryptography.

Hydrodynamic parameters in a flood impacted boulder block ramp： Krzczonówka mountain stream, Polish Carpathians

Boulder block ramps are river engineering structures used to stabilise river beds. Block ramps provide a semi-natural and aesthetically pleasing solution to certain river engineering problems in mountain streams. When constructing block ramps,one can use the dissipative behaviour of large macroroughness elements randomly placed on the river bed to enhance fish migration in an upstream direction thus, in this sense, meeting the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive. Block ramps are often designed and constructed to replace damaged drop hydraulic structures in the channels of mountain streams. This paper investigates the resilience of a particular block ramp placed in the Krzczonówka stream(Polish Carpathians) in terms of the engineering design function and its durability against damaging. A hydrodynamic analysis of a block ramp is presented before and after a flood event that changed the configuration of the blocks. The seminatural unstructured hydraulic structure was built on the Krzczonowka stream to protect gas pipes which are located beneath it. As a result of several floods, the boulder block chute described in this paper was damaged, and some boulders were dislodged and transported downstream. Our post-flood investigations of bathymetry and velocity revealed that even damaged boulder blocks, removed from the chute and displaced downstream of the structure, still provide significant energy dissipation of the flowing water. The novel of our paper is for the first time showing very detailed analysis of unstructured block ramp hydrodynamics parameters done in the field.Also the novel finding of our investigations shows that before and after the flood event the unstructured block ramp structure, is still fish friendly in terms of hydrodynamics.

Irradiation Analysis for Maputo

In the present paper was investigated the influence of the surface geometry on the amount of solar radiation arriving on that surface. The total, beam and diffuse radiation incident onto a surface was simulated using WINSUN software, which is a simulation tool developed at Lund Technical University, Sweden. The irradiation analysis are made for Maputo, latitude 25°58＇ South, longitude 32°36＇ East, Mozambique. The climate date was derived from Meteonorm files. Such study has practical value since the output of solar systems is depending upon the amount of solar radiation reaching to the surface of the collector.

Countermeasures for traffic accidents due to road conditions in China

Regarding the postulate of traffic infrastructure and vehicles, much attention should be given to the effect of road conditions on accidents. With large numbers of traffic accidents on Shenda Freeway, Liaoning Province, Harbin City and others in P. R. China, parameters and the effect of accidents caused by horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, cross section and intersection are studied systematically The disciplinary analysis of these effects are presented in this paper. The viewpoint is acknowledged that high sub grade and steep slopes are against traffic safety, which is common and ignored in high-usage highways in China. Design parameters of the current design criteria and the corresponding countermeasures are suggested for safety on our highways.

The“Spring Predictability Barrier” Phenomenon of ENSO Predictions Generated with the FGOALS-g Model

Using the sea surface temperature （SST） predicted for the equatorial Pacific Ocean by the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model-gamil （FGOALS-g）, an analysis of the prediction errors was performed for the seasonally dependent predictability of SST anomalies both for neutral years and for the growth/decay phase of El Nino/La Nina events. The study results indicated that for the SST predictions relating to the growth phase and the decay phase of El Nino events, the prediction errors have a seasonally dependent evolution. The largest increase in errors occurred in the spring season, which indicates that a prominent spring predictability barrier （SPB） occurs during an El Nino-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） warming episode. Furthermore, the SPB associated with the growth-phase prediction is more prominent than that associated with the decay-phase prediction. However, for the neutral years and for the growth and decay phases of La Nifia events, the SPB phenomenon was less prominent. These results indicate that the SPB phenomenon depends extensively on the ENSO events themselves. In particular, the SPB depends on the phases of the ENSO events. These results may provide useful knowledge for improving ENSO forecasting.

Communicating Agencies＇ Humanitarianism in Natural Disaster and Armed Conflicts＂ Differences, Challenges, and Dilemmas

The literature on disasters mainly focuses on natural disasters and looks at their coverage by the media. The paper argues that armed conflicts are also disasters and that Western relief agencies intervening in natural disasters and conflict are also proactive communicators. Taking a different approach from much of the available research, it explores agencies＇ communication work in these two types of crises and analyses the differences, challenges and dilemmas that they face in communicating their humanitarianism. It outlines the distinguished inherent characteristics of natural disasters and conflicts, and examines their impact on the understanding of the crises, the perception of affected populations, and the implementation of agencies＇ actions. It also investigates how, in turn, all these features influence agencies＇ communication practices that in natural disasters emergencies and conflict-related crises perform a different role and show different parameters. In this sense, the paper distinguishes between ＂humanitarian communication＂ to refer to the former, and ＂humanitarian advocacy＂ to refer to the latter. The paper briefly explores the operational challenges engendered by the contested interpretations of humanitarian advocacy, shows that the use of the parameters of humanitarian communication in conflict-related crises to overcome these problems caused additional concern, and presents two forms of humanitarian advocacy engendering less challenges and dilemmas.

Interpretation of sea surface wind interannual vector EOFs over the China seas

Using interpolation and averaging methods, we analyzed the sea surface wind data obtained from December 1992 to November 2008 by the scatterometers ERS-1, ERS-2, and QuikSCAT in the area of 2°N-39 °N, 105°E-130°E, and we reported the monthly mean distributions of the sea surface wind field. A vector empirical orthogonal function （VEOF） method was employed to study the data and three temporal and spatial patterns were obtained. The first interannual VEOF accounts for 26% of the interannual variance and displays the interannual variability of the East Asian monsoon. The second interannual VEOF accounts for 21% of the variance and reflects the response of China sea winds to E1 Nifio events. The temporal mode of VEOF-2 is in good agreement with the curve of the Nifio 3.4 index with a four-month lag. The spatial mode of VEOF-2 indicates that four months after an E1 Nifio event, the southwesterly anomalous winds over the northern South China Sea, the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the Bohai Sea can weaken the prevailing winds in winter, and can strengthen the prevailing winds in summer. The third interannual VEOF accounts for 10% of the variance and also reflects the influence of the ENSO events to China Sea winds. The temporal mode of VEOF-3 is similar to the curve of the Southern Oscillation Index. The spatial mode of VEOF-3 shows that the northeasterly anomalous winds over the South China Sea and the southern part of the East China Sea can weaken the prevailing winds, and southwesterly anomalous winds over the northern part of the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the Bohai Sea can strengthen the prevailing winds when E1 Nifio occurs in winter. If E1 Nifio happens in summer, the reverse is true.

Distribution of the tropical Pacific surface zonal wind anomaly and its relation with two types of El Nio

E1 Nino events with an eastern Pacific pattern （EP） and central Pacific pattern （CP） were first separated using rotated empirical orthogonal functions （REOF）. Lead/lag regression and rotated singular value decomposition （RSVD） analyses were then carried out to study the relation between the surface zonal wind （SZW） anomalies and sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies in the tropical Pacific. A possible physical process for the CP E1 Nifio was proposed. For the EP E1 Nino, strong westerly anomalies that spread eastward continuously produce an anomalous ocean zonal convergence zone （ZCZ） centered on about 165°W. This SZW anomaly pattern favors poleward and eastward Sverdrup transport at the equator. For the CP E1Nino, westerly anomalies and the ZCZ are mainly confined to the western Pacific, and easterly anomalies blow in the eastern Pacific. This SZW anomaly pattern restrains poleward and eastward Sverdrup transport at the equator; however, there is an eastward Sverdrup transport at about 5°N, which favors the wanning of the north-eastern tropical Pacific. It is found that the slowness of eastward propagation of subsurface warm water （partly from the downwelling caused by Ekman convergence and the ZCZ） is due to the slowdown of the undercurrent in the central basin, and vertical advection in the central Pacific may be important in the formation and disappearance of the CP E1 Nifio.

The Influence of Two Kinds of El Ni?o Events on the Strong Tropical Cyclone Generation and Strength in the Pacific Ocean

This paper focuses on the effects of two types of El Nino events on tropical cyclone activity. We classified El Nino events from 1961 to 2015 according to their sea surface temperature （SST） anomalies into an eastern type and a central type. Then we selected strong tropical cyclones to statistically analyze the tropical cyclone characteristics during different events and their effects, as well as to study the possible mechanisms related to thermodynamic and dynamic factors. The tropical cyclone generation areas were found to be very similar during the two kinds of events. The average number of tropical cyclone in the eastern event is more than that in central event, and the hurricane in northeastern Pacific （HNP） has more energy than the typhoon in northwestern Pacific （TNP） in all cases. The seasonal distribution of the TNP high-incidence centers during central El Nifio events is opposite to that of the HNP. The TNP accumulated cyclone energy （ACE） intensity is similar in the fall and summer, and the HNP ACE intensity in the summer is greater than that in the fall. The SSTs are consistent with the TNP and HNP movement trends. The Walker circulation intensity was strongly affected by the eastern events, but it quickly returned to its normal state, while the intensity was slightly reduced in the central events, and it slowly returned to its normal state. The vertical velocity distributions in the Pacific are different at different stages of both events, and the distributions of vertical velocity anomalies for typhoons and hurricanes are consistent.

东南极Lambert冰盆-Amery冰架区域雪面相对高程变化的精确监测

采用自动气象站对东南极冰盖Lambert冰盆-Amery冰架雪面相对高程(SSH)变化进行了连续监测，通过Argos卫星传输的逐时数据精确分析了冰盖LGB69地点和Amery冰架G3地点SSH的年内变化过程,2002年2月至2003年1月一个整年资料得出，LGB69全年积累量为0．68m，与花杆网阵所得结果接近.10月至次年4月南极夏季为主要积累期，占全年SSH变化量的101．6％；5～9月南极冬季期间雪面高度几无变化，雪层密实化作用使之略有下降，为全年SSH变化量的～1．6％．LGB69和G3雪面上升主要由雪面突升事件导致，而且在LGB69较G3更频发．G3点每年有2～3次雪面突升事件，均发生在夏季，1999～2002年共发生8次明显突升事件．2002年LGB69点4次突升事件均伴随空气湿度增加和太阳总辐射下降，说明因降水过程导致．下降风对LGB69点SSH变化有正向作用，主要积累期风速的增大伴随着积雪增加，大于7m／s的吹雪临界风速引起表面高程的显著增加．因大风天气有时伴随降水过程，目前尚难于精确计算吹雪再堆积在全年物质积累中的百分比，但估计其贡献率在35％以上．