模糊语言在教师评价语中的运用与功能

教师课堂评价性语言对学生的发展会产生很大影响,因此,教师在对学生进行评价时要讲究语言表达的艺术。模糊语言以其自身的含蓄,委婉,灵活等修辞功能在交际中具有:礼貌客气,委婉含蓄,保护面子等潜在的交际功能。在教师的评价语中恰当地使用模糊语言有助于评价语取得更好的表达效果。

师生之间称呼语转换的语用分析

称呼语是言语交际过程的重要组成部分,除了引起受话者注意以外,还具有丰富的语用功能,比如:情感指示功能和以言行事功能。在日常教学活动中,师生之间,尤其是老师对学生的呼语若能恰当,灵活地转换应用会是一种很好的言语策略,有助于维护师生之间的和谐关系并达到事半功倍的交流效果。

On the pragmatic functions of non-restrictive relational clauses in English news report discourse

Traditional syntactic or semantic theories failed to provide a satistactory explanation for the unique features of non-restrictive relational clauses in people＇s daily use of English language. This paper would adopt the theoretical framework of pragmatics and use relevance theory as well as face theory to discuss the unique pragmatic functions of non-restrictive relational clauses in English news report discourse. The three major pragmatic functions are： （1） optimizing the relevance of information; （2） seeking for the consistence with readers; and （3） avoiding imposing the author＇s opinion on readers.

Functionalized Gold Nanorods for Tumor Imaging and Targeted Therapy

Gold nanorods,as an emerging noble metal nanomaterial with unique properties,have become the new exciting focus of theoretical and experimental studies in the past few years.The structure and function of gold nanorods,especially their biocompatibility, optical property,and photothermal effects,have been attracting more and more attention.Gold nanorods exhibit great potential in applications such as tumor molecular imaging and photothermal therapy.In this article,we review some of the main advances made over the past few years in the application of gold nanorods in surface functionalization,molecular imaging,and photothermal therapy. We also explore other prospective applications and discuss the corresponding concepts,issues,approaches,and challenges,with the aim of stimulating broader interest in gold nanorod-based nanotechnology and improving its practical application.

De Haas-van Alphen Effect of Free Electron Gas Revisited

The free electron gas in a uniform magnetic field at low temperature is restudied. The grand partition function previously obtained by Landau＇s quantitative calculation contains three parts, which are all approximate. An improved calculation is presented, in which two of the three parts are obtained in exact forms. A simple remedy for Landau and Lifshitz＇s qualitative calculation in the textbook is also given, which turns the qualitative result into the same one as obtained by the improved quantitative calculation. The chemical potential is solved approximately and the thermodynamic quantities are caiculated explicitly in both a weak field and a strong field. The thermodynamic quantities in a strong field obtained here contain both non-oscillating and oscillating corrections to the corresponding results derived from Landau＇s grand partition function. In particular, Landau＇s grand partition function is not sufficiently accurate to yield our nonzero results for the specific heat and the entropy. An error in the Laplace-transform method for the problem is corrected. The results previously obtained by this method are also improved.

Research Regarding Multifunctional Textiles Performed with Plasma Nanotechnology

Textile materials have been applied in recent years to various applications. The connection between the textile science and electronics, biology or nano-technology has led to the extension of the basic clothing and apparel applications towards multi-functional and technical textiles. Fiber based materials represent proper solution for advanced materials. The authors envisage in this paper to present the work performed in 1NCDTP-Bucharest, for manufacturing surgical gowns for medical applications. The surface of the textile material was plasma nano-technology treated in order to obtain a hydrophobic functionalization. As characteristics of research, different parameters have been used for plasma treatment （gas type, power, time, pressure） and different raw materials （polyester, cotton）. For the investigation of the functionality of raw/finished materials, laboratory instruments have been used in order to highlight the comfort properties obtained. Medical articles have strict regulations for manufacturing due to their usage in surgery units. Dry plasma treatment is an ecological method compared to classical wet finishing of textile materials.

英语职业委婉语的面子论解析

职业委婉语是对于一些社会地位相对比较低下，从事的工作比较低贱的人所从事的工作的委婉的称呼。职业委婉语在英语的使用中已经越来越被重视，很多关于职业委婉语的文章相继出现。文章向大家展示了英语职业委婉语的构成与面子论的关系。同时文章从一个新的角度一“面子论”来分析英语职业委婉语使用的面子动机。以及英语职业委婉语产生的面子功能。这一全新的视角，可以帮助读者更好地了解英语职业委婉语，更加尊重职业委婉语的使用者和这些使用者的劳动．让社会更加和谐发展。

Simultaneous N-intercalation and N-doping of epitaxial graphene on 6H-SiC（0001） through thermal reactions with ammonia

Surface functionalization of epitaxial graphene overlayers on 6H-SiC（0001） has been attempted through thermal reactions in NH3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and micro-region low energy electron diffraction results show that a significant amount of N is present at the NHB-treated graphene surface, which results in strong band bending at the SiC surface as well as decoupling of the graphene overlayers from the substrate. The majority of the surface N species can be removed by annealing in vacuum up to 850 ~C, weakening the surface band bending and resuming the strong coupling of graphene with the SiC surface. The desorbed N atoms can be attributed to the intercalated species between graphene and SiC. Low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy and density functional theory simulations confirm the presence of N dopants in the graphene lattice, which are in the form of graphitic substitution and can be stable above 850 ~C. This is the first report of simultaneous N intercalation and N doping of epitaxial graphene overlayers on SiC, and it may be employed to alter the surface physical and chemical properties of epitaxial graphene overlayers.

Au nanostructures:an emerging prospect in cancer theranostics

Au nanoparticles have been used in biomedical applications since ancient times. However, the rapid development of nanotechnology over the past century has led to recognition of the great potential of Au nanoparticles in a wide range of applications. Advanced fabrication techniques allow us to synthesize a variety of Au nanostructures possessing physiochemical properties that can be exploited for different purposes. Functionalization of the surface of Au nanoparticles further eases their application in various roles. These advantages of Au nanoparticles make them particularly suited for cancer treatment and diagnosis. The small size of Au particles enables them to preferentially accumulate at tumor sites to achieve in vivo targeting after systemic administration. Efficient light absorption followed by rapid heat conversion makes them very promising in photothermal therapy. The facile surface chemistry of Au nanoparticles eases delivery of drugs, ligands or imaging contrast agents in vivo. In this review, we summarize recent development of Au nanoparticles in cancer theranostics including imaging-based detection, photothermal therapy, chemical therapy and drug delivery. The multifunctional nature of Au nanoparticles means they hold great promise as novel anti-cancer therapeutics.

Surface modification toward luminescent and stable silica-coated quantum dots color filter

A highly pixelated and luminescent silica-coated quantum dot color filter(QDCF)was achieved by surface conjugation with epoxy functional group.Epoxy-functionalized silica-coated quantum dots(QDs)can be thoroughly mixed with SU-8 photoresist up to 25 wt.%without aggregation.The quantum yield(QY)of the silica-coated QDCF can be significantly improved from 19.3%to 36.5%after epoxy treatment.The pristine QDCF experienced a 40%QY decrease,while the epoxied silica-coated QDCF maintained its luminescence even after irradiation(300 mW cm 2@450 nm)for over 25 days.The well-controlled epoxy cap plays a critical role in attaining the ideal optical properties of the QDCF.

Formation mechanism of multi-functional black silicon based on optimized deep reactive ion etching technique with SF_6/C_4F_8

This paper reports a controllable multi-functional black silicon surface with nanocone-forest structures fabricated by an optimized deep reactive ion etching(DRIE)technique using SF6/C4F8 in cyclic etching-passivation process,which is maskless,effective and controllable.The process conditions are investigated by systematically comparative experiments and core parameters have been figured out,including etching process parameters,pre-treatment,patterned silicon etching and inclined surface etching.Based on the experimental data,the formation mechanism of nanocone shape is developed,which provides a novel view for in-depth understanding of abnormal phenomena observed in the experiments under different process situations.After the optimization of the process parameters,the black silicon surfaces exhibit superhydrophobicity with tunable reflectance.Additionally,the quantitative relationship between nanocones aspect ratio and surface reflectance and static contact angle is obtained,which demonstrates that black silicon surfaces with unique functional properties(i.e.,cross-combination of reflectance and wettability)can be achieved by controlling the morphology of nanostructures.