To support amplitude variation with offset （AVO） analysis in complex structure areas, we introduce an amplitude-preserving plane-wave prestack time migration approach based on the double-square-root wave equation in...To support amplitude variation with offset （AVO） analysis in complex structure areas, we introduce an amplitude-preserving plane-wave prestack time migration approach based on the double-square-root wave equation in media with little lateral velocity variation. In its implementation, a data mapping algorithm is used to obtain offset-plane-wave data sets from the common-midpoint gathers followed by a non-recursive phase-shift solution with amplitude correction to generate common-image gathers in offset-ray-parameter domain and a structural image. Theoretical model tests and a real data example show that our prestack time migration approach is helpful for AVO analysis in complex geological environments.展开更多
In this paper, long interfacial waves of finite amplitude in uniform basic flows are considered with the assumption that the aspect ratio between wavelength and water depth is small. A new model is derived using the v...In this paper, long interfacial waves of finite amplitude in uniform basic flows are considered with the assumption that the aspect ratio between wavelength and water depth is small. A new model is derived using the velocities at arbitrary distances from the still water level as the velocity variables instead of the commonly used depth-averaged velocities. This significantly improves the dispersion properties and makes them applicable to a wider range of water depths. Since its derivation requires no assumption on wave amplitude, the model thus can be used to describe waves with arbitrary amplitude.展开更多
文摘准确的震源深度对理解板块构造过程,地震断层结构,非天然地震识别等有重要意义.地震面波远场振幅公式显示面波振幅谱与震源机制、观测方位和震源深度有密切关系.当震源机制与观测方位确定后,可以利用面波振幅谱与震源深度唯一依赖关系,确定震源深度.浅源地震面波振幅谱在0.01~0.08 Hz之间的某个很窄的频段会出现陷波现象即振幅能量衰减,陷波位置与震源深度和频率有密切关系.本研究分析了不同震源机制解的理论地震图陷波现象出现的位置与震源深度的关系.通过理论地震图计算,得到不同震源深度的远场面波振幅谱,与实际观测波形对比,并进行深度定位.理论地震图面波振幅谱显示,震源深度的微小变化会引起面波振幅谱的变化,因此可以精确确定浅源地震的震源深度.震源机制解与震源深度具有耦合现象,为了分析震源机制的扰动对震源深度定位的影响,反演了九寨沟地震的震源机制解,并对走向、倾角、滑动角分别增加±10°的扰动,结果显示震源机制解的较小扰动对深度定位影响不大.为了消除低频噪声、剪切波、短周期面波等对面波振幅谱的影响,利用AK135速度模型对地震波形进行去频散处理.本研究利用瑞利(Rayleigh)面波振幅谱能量衰减特征对2017年8月8日四川九寨沟M7.0地震震源深度进行确定,得到本次地震震源深度为8.2 km.
文摘To support amplitude variation with offset （AVO） analysis in complex structure areas, we introduce an amplitude-preserving plane-wave prestack time migration approach based on the double-square-root wave equation in media with little lateral velocity variation. In its implementation, a data mapping algorithm is used to obtain offset-plane-wave data sets from the common-midpoint gathers followed by a non-recursive phase-shift solution with amplitude correction to generate common-image gathers in offset-ray-parameter domain and a structural image. Theoretical model tests and a real data example show that our prestack time migration approach is helpful for AVO analysis in complex geological environments.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Programs of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. KZCX2-YW-201 and KZCX1-YW-12)Natural Science Fund of the Educational Department, Inner Mongolia (No.NJzy08005)the Science Fund for Young Scholars of Inner Mongolia University (No. ND0801)
文摘In this paper, long interfacial waves of finite amplitude in uniform basic flows are considered with the assumption that the aspect ratio between wavelength and water depth is small. A new model is derived using the velocities at arbitrary distances from the still water level as the velocity variables instead of the commonly used depth-averaged velocities. This significantly improves the dispersion properties and makes them applicable to a wider range of water depths. Since its derivation requires no assumption on wave amplitude, the model thus can be used to describe waves with arbitrary amplitude.
