A novel spatial domain method--soft morphology filter is presented for reducing the periodic noise in image processing. The simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in comparison...A novel spatial domain method--soft morphology filter is presented for reducing the periodic noise in image processing. The simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in comparison with a frequency domain method and other spatial domain filters.展开更多
Stridulatory sound-producing behavior is widespread across catfish families, but some are silent. To understand why, we compared spine morphology and ecotype of silent and vocal clades. We determined vocal ability of ...Stridulatory sound-producing behavior is widespread across catfish families, but some are silent. To understand why, we compared spine morphology and ecotype of silent and vocal clades. We determined vocal ability of laboratory specimens during disturbance behavior. Vocal families had bony （not flexible or segmented） spines, well-developed anterior and/or posterior serrations, and statistically significantly longer spines. We compared morphology of the proximal end of the pectoral spine between vocal and silent species. For vocal taxa, microscopic rounded or bladed ridges or knobs were present on the dorsal process. Most silent species had reduced processes with exclusively smooth, convoluted, or honeycombed surfaces very similar to spine-locking surfaces, or they had novel surfaces （beaded, vacuolated, cobwebbed）. Most callichthyids had ridges but many were silent during disturbance. All doradid, most auchenipterid and most mochokid species were vocal and had ridges or knobs. Within the Auchenipteridae, vocal species had spines with greater weight and serration development but not length. Silent auchenipterids had thin, brittle, distally segmented spines with few microscopic serrations on only one margin and a highly reduced dorsal process lacking any known vocal morphology. Silent auchenipterids are derived and pelagic, while all vocal genera are basal and benthopelagic. This is the first phylogenetic evidence for stridulation mechanism loss within catfishes. Phylogenetic mapping of vocal ability, spine condition, and ecotype revealed the repeated presence of silence and vocal taxa, short and long spines, and ecotype shifts within clades. The appearance and loss of vocal behavior and supporting morphologies may have facilitated diversification among catfishes [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 73 89 2010].展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the reception of Wagner＇s approaches to Greek antiquity by Greek musicologists and composers which took place at the first half of the 20th century. Wagner＇s such readings wer...The purpose of this paper is to analyze the reception of Wagner＇s approaches to Greek antiquity by Greek musicologists and composers which took place at the first half of the 20th century. Wagner＇s such readings were parts of wider narrations of archeology and how Greeks perceived their past.This research is largely based on primary sources of that time; its arguments construct two levels of critique： （1） Admiration （the ＇proper＇ aesthetic examples are German models, as exemplified in Wagner＇s work）; and （2） ＂Hellenism＂ as a means to distancing from Wagner （The past of ancient Greece is still believed to be better understood by the Greeks）. The principal conclusions are： （1） Wagner＇s views were admired because Wagner＇s example （ancient culture） should also be an example for Greek composers; and （2） Wagner＇s views were judged on the grounds of： Ideology： the expression of the ＂soul＂; the theory of ＂historic continuity＂; the balance between music, poetry, and dance; Wagner gave superiority to music, modem Greeks （should） give a predominant role to language as a means of expression in an ancient drama, or achieve a balance among the three arts of music, poetry, and dance.展开更多
The rock music in contemporary China is a filed for the folk, official, elite and other multi-element ideology competition. Wang Feng is a winner walking on the ideological balance beam. After deconstructing Cui Jian...The rock music in contemporary China is a filed for the folk, official, elite and other multi-element ideology competition. Wang Feng is a winner walking on the ideological balance beam. After deconstructing Cui Jian＇s grand narrative mode and strong critical feature, his works have been endowed with heavy critical color and reflection value by a grassroots band named ＂Xuriyanggang＂. Besides, Wang Feng＇s works have eliminated the distinction between the official and folk feature, elegance and worldly feature, as well as elite and mass. To a large extent, they have defined the rock music in contemporary China, and pushed the Chinese rock to the mainstream market. Consequently, the Chinese rock has been gradually developed into multiple and compound culture modes.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60373084)
文摘A novel spatial domain method--soft morphology filter is presented for reducing the periodic noise in image processing. The simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in comparison with a frequency domain method and other spatial domain filters.
基金the Barbara-Sussman FundSigma-Xi+1 种基金SUNY-ESFsupported by MIMH training grant 5-T32-MH15793
文摘Stridulatory sound-producing behavior is widespread across catfish families, but some are silent. To understand why, we compared spine morphology and ecotype of silent and vocal clades. We determined vocal ability of laboratory specimens during disturbance behavior. Vocal families had bony （not flexible or segmented） spines, well-developed anterior and/or posterior serrations, and statistically significantly longer spines. We compared morphology of the proximal end of the pectoral spine between vocal and silent species. For vocal taxa, microscopic rounded or bladed ridges or knobs were present on the dorsal process. Most silent species had reduced processes with exclusively smooth, convoluted, or honeycombed surfaces very similar to spine-locking surfaces, or they had novel surfaces （beaded, vacuolated, cobwebbed）. Most callichthyids had ridges but many were silent during disturbance. All doradid, most auchenipterid and most mochokid species were vocal and had ridges or knobs. Within the Auchenipteridae, vocal species had spines with greater weight and serration development but not length. Silent auchenipterids had thin, brittle, distally segmented spines with few microscopic serrations on only one margin and a highly reduced dorsal process lacking any known vocal morphology. Silent auchenipterids are derived and pelagic, while all vocal genera are basal and benthopelagic. This is the first phylogenetic evidence for stridulation mechanism loss within catfishes. Phylogenetic mapping of vocal ability, spine condition, and ecotype revealed the repeated presence of silence and vocal taxa, short and long spines, and ecotype shifts within clades. The appearance and loss of vocal behavior and supporting morphologies may have facilitated diversification among catfishes [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 73 89 2010].
文摘The purpose of this paper is to analyze the reception of Wagner＇s approaches to Greek antiquity by Greek musicologists and composers which took place at the first half of the 20th century. Wagner＇s such readings were parts of wider narrations of archeology and how Greeks perceived their past.This research is largely based on primary sources of that time; its arguments construct two levels of critique： （1） Admiration （the ＇proper＇ aesthetic examples are German models, as exemplified in Wagner＇s work）; and （2） ＂Hellenism＂ as a means to distancing from Wagner （The past of ancient Greece is still believed to be better understood by the Greeks）. The principal conclusions are： （1） Wagner＇s views were admired because Wagner＇s example （ancient culture） should also be an example for Greek composers; and （2） Wagner＇s views were judged on the grounds of： Ideology： the expression of the ＂soul＂; the theory of ＂historic continuity＂; the balance between music, poetry, and dance; Wagner gave superiority to music, modem Greeks （should） give a predominant role to language as a means of expression in an ancient drama, or achieve a balance among the three arts of music, poetry, and dance.
文摘The rock music in contemporary China is a filed for the folk, official, elite and other multi-element ideology competition. Wang Feng is a winner walking on the ideological balance beam. After deconstructing Cui Jian＇s grand narrative mode and strong critical feature, his works have been endowed with heavy critical color and reflection value by a grassroots band named ＂Xuriyanggang＂. Besides, Wang Feng＇s works have eliminated the distinction between the official and folk feature, elegance and worldly feature, as well as elite and mass. To a large extent, they have defined the rock music in contemporary China, and pushed the Chinese rock to the mainstream market. Consequently, the Chinese rock has been gradually developed into multiple and compound culture modes.
