Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTE...Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.展开更多
C4 components are useful in industry and should be separated as individuals. A new process was proposed to separate them by extractive distillation, with the advantages of low equipment investment, energy consumption...C4 components are useful in industry and should be separated as individuals. A new process was proposed to separate them by extractive distillation, with the advantages of low equipment investment, energy consumption and liquid load in the columns. One principle to improve the extractive distillation process was put forward. Moreover, the analysis of operation state of the new process was done. There were eight operation states found for the whole process, but only one operation state was desirable. This work provides a way to effectively separate C4 mixtures and helps the reasonable utilization of C4 resource.展开更多
文摘Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.
文摘C4 components are useful in industry and should be separated as individuals. A new process was proposed to separate them by extractive distillation, with the advantages of low equipment investment, energy consumption and liquid load in the columns. One principle to improve the extractive distillation process was put forward. Moreover, the analysis of operation state of the new process was done. There were eight operation states found for the whole process, but only one operation state was desirable. This work provides a way to effectively separate C4 mixtures and helps the reasonable utilization of C4 resource.
