A high performance 70nm CMOS device has been demonstrated for the first time in the continent, China. Some innovations in techniques are applied to restrain the short channel effect and improve the driving ability, ...A high performance 70nm CMOS device has been demonstrated for the first time in the continent, China. Some innovations in techniques are applied to restrain the short channel effect and improve the driving ability, such as 3nm nitrided oxide, dual poly Si gate electrode, novel super steep retrograde channel doping by heavy ion implantation, ultra shallow S/D extension formed by Ge PAI(Pre Amorphism Implantation) plus LEI(Low Energy Implantation), thin and low resistance Ti SALICIDE by Ge PAI and special cleaning, etc. The shortest channel length of the CMOS device is 70nm. The threshold voltages, G m and off current are 0 28V,490mS·mm -1 and 0 08nA/μm for NMOS and -0 3V,340mS·mm -1 and 0 2nA/μm for PMOS, respectively. Delays of 23 5ps/stage at 1 5V, 17 5ps/stage at 2 0V and 12 5ps/stage at 3V are achieved in the 57 stage unloaded 100nm CMOS ring oscillator circuits.展开更多
Background Primary percutaneous intervention （PPCI） is the treatment of choice for ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） but robust evidence in the very elderly is lacking. We compared PPCI outcomes between d...Background Primary percutaneous intervention （PPCI） is the treatment of choice for ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） but robust evidence in the very elderly is lacking. We compared PPCI outcomes between different age quartiles （quartile I 〈 60 years, quartile 2 〉 60 to 〈 70 years, quartile 3 〉 70 to 〈 80 years, quartile 4 〉 80 years）. Methods Retrospective observational analysis of our Morriston Tertiary Cardiac Center （Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board） patients from 2005 to 2010 with STEMI who underwent PPCI. Resnlts Of 434 patients, 57 （13%） were in quartile 4 （〉 80 years）. In older age quartiles, patients were less likely to receive a drug eluting stent （DES, P = 0.001） or glycoprotein IlbAIIa inhibitor （GPI, P 〈 0.0001）. Increase in age was associated with reduced time to survival （13-coefficient： -0.192, t： -3,70, 95%CI： --4.91 to -1.50, P 〈 0.0001） as was the presence of cardiogenic shock 03-coefficient： -0.194, t = 3.77, 95%CI： -5.26 to -1.65, P 〈 0.0001）. Use of GPI was associated with increased time to survival （p-coefficient： 0.138, t = 2.82, 95%CI： 1.58-8.58, P = 0.005） but older age quartiles were less likely to receive GPI （P 〈 0.0001）. In-hospital mortality （1.8% quartile 1, 3.6% quartile 2, 10.9% quartile 3 and 12.3% quartile 4, P = 0.002） and 1-year mortality （5.4% quartile 1, 5.5% quartile 2, 16.8% quartile 3 and 24.6% quartile 4, P 〈 0.0001, respectively） was significantly higher in older age quartiles. Conclusions Increased short term and intermediate term mortality is seen in the very elderly after PPCI. Age and cardiogenic shock were prognostic factors. Intervention should not be based on age alone and awareness regarding prognostic factors can help improve management.展开更多
Background Knowledge gaps across literature prevent current guidelines from providing the profile of elderly patients most likely to derive benefit fi^om invasive strategy （IS） in non ST-elevation myocardial infarct...Background Knowledge gaps across literature prevent current guidelines from providing the profile of elderly patients most likely to derive benefit fi^om invasive strategy （IS） in non ST-elevation myocardial infarction （NSTEMI）. Furthermore, the benefit of IS in a real-world elderly population with NSTEMI remains unclear. The aims of this study were to determine factors that lead the cardiologist to opt for an IS in elderly patients with NSTEMI, and to assess the impact of IS on the 6-month all-cause mortality. Methods This multicenter prospective study enrolled all consecutive patients aged 〉 75 years old who presented a NSTEMI and were hospitalized in cardiology intensive care unit between February 2014 and February 2015. Patients were compared on the basis of reperfusion strategy （invasive or conservative） and living status at six months, in order to determine multivariate predictors of the realization of an IS and multivariate predictors of 6-month mor- tality. Results A total of 141 patients were included; 87 （62%） underwent an IS. The strongest independent determinants of IS were younger age [odds ratio （OR）： 0.85, 95%-confidence interval （CI）： 0.78-0.92; P 〈 0.001） and lower ＂Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric＂ number of categories score （OR： 0.83, 95%CI： 0.73-0.95; P = 0.002）. IS was not significantly associated with 6-month survival （OR： 0.80, 95%CI： 0.27-2.38; P = 0.69）. Conclusions In real-world elderly patients with NSTEMI, younger patients with fewer comorbidities profited more often from an IS. However, IS did not modify 6-month all-cause mortality.展开更多
The growth of mixing zone on an interface induced by Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs frequently in natural phenomena and in engineering applications.Usually,the medium on which the RM instability happens is in...The growth of mixing zone on an interface induced by Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs frequently in natural phenomena and in engineering applications.Usually,the medium on which the RM instability happens is inhomogeneous,the effect of medium inhomogeneity on the growth of the mixing zone during the RM instability is still not clear.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the RM instability in inhomogeneous medium.Based on a high-order computational scheme,the interactions of a density interface with an incident shock wave(ISW)in inhomogeneous medium are numerically simulated by solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations.The effect of the inhomogeneity on the interface evolution after the passage of ISW through the interface is investigated.The results show that the interface morphology develops in a distinctive "spike-spike"structure in inhomogeneous medium.Particularly,the spike structure on the bottom of the interface is due to the reverse induction of RM instability by curved ISW or reflected shock wave.With the increase of inhomogeneity,the growth rate of the mixing zone width on interface increases,and the wave patterns caused by interaction between the shock wave and interface are more complex.Compared with RM instability in homogeneous medium,the inhomogeneous distribution of the density in medium further enhances the baroclinic effect and induces larger vorticity in flow field.Therefore,the interface is stretched much more significantly under the induction of enhanced vorticity in inhomogeneous medium.Based on above analyses,a model for predicting the growth of mixing zone width on the interface after the passage of ISW is proposed,in order to provide a useful method for evaluations of perturbation growth behavior during the RM instability in inhomogeneous medium.展开更多
文摘A high performance 70nm CMOS device has been demonstrated for the first time in the continent, China. Some innovations in techniques are applied to restrain the short channel effect and improve the driving ability, such as 3nm nitrided oxide, dual poly Si gate electrode, novel super steep retrograde channel doping by heavy ion implantation, ultra shallow S/D extension formed by Ge PAI(Pre Amorphism Implantation) plus LEI(Low Energy Implantation), thin and low resistance Ti SALICIDE by Ge PAI and special cleaning, etc. The shortest channel length of the CMOS device is 70nm. The threshold voltages, G m and off current are 0 28V,490mS·mm -1 and 0 08nA/μm for NMOS and -0 3V,340mS·mm -1 and 0 2nA/μm for PMOS, respectively. Delays of 23 5ps/stage at 1 5V, 17 5ps/stage at 2 0V and 12 5ps/stage at 3V are achieved in the 57 stage unloaded 100nm CMOS ring oscillator circuits.
文摘Background Primary percutaneous intervention （PPCI） is the treatment of choice for ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） but robust evidence in the very elderly is lacking. We compared PPCI outcomes between different age quartiles （quartile I 〈 60 years, quartile 2 〉 60 to 〈 70 years, quartile 3 〉 70 to 〈 80 years, quartile 4 〉 80 years）. Methods Retrospective observational analysis of our Morriston Tertiary Cardiac Center （Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board） patients from 2005 to 2010 with STEMI who underwent PPCI. Resnlts Of 434 patients, 57 （13%） were in quartile 4 （〉 80 years）. In older age quartiles, patients were less likely to receive a drug eluting stent （DES, P = 0.001） or glycoprotein IlbAIIa inhibitor （GPI, P 〈 0.0001）. Increase in age was associated with reduced time to survival （13-coefficient： -0.192, t： -3,70, 95%CI： --4.91 to -1.50, P 〈 0.0001） as was the presence of cardiogenic shock 03-coefficient： -0.194, t = 3.77, 95%CI： -5.26 to -1.65, P 〈 0.0001）. Use of GPI was associated with increased time to survival （p-coefficient： 0.138, t = 2.82, 95%CI： 1.58-8.58, P = 0.005） but older age quartiles were less likely to receive GPI （P 〈 0.0001）. In-hospital mortality （1.8% quartile 1, 3.6% quartile 2, 10.9% quartile 3 and 12.3% quartile 4, P = 0.002） and 1-year mortality （5.4% quartile 1, 5.5% quartile 2, 16.8% quartile 3 and 24.6% quartile 4, P 〈 0.0001, respectively） was significantly higher in older age quartiles. Conclusions Increased short term and intermediate term mortality is seen in the very elderly after PPCI. Age and cardiogenic shock were prognostic factors. Intervention should not be based on age alone and awareness regarding prognostic factors can help improve management.
文摘Background Knowledge gaps across literature prevent current guidelines from providing the profile of elderly patients most likely to derive benefit fi^om invasive strategy （IS） in non ST-elevation myocardial infarction （NSTEMI）. Furthermore, the benefit of IS in a real-world elderly population with NSTEMI remains unclear. The aims of this study were to determine factors that lead the cardiologist to opt for an IS in elderly patients with NSTEMI, and to assess the impact of IS on the 6-month all-cause mortality. Methods This multicenter prospective study enrolled all consecutive patients aged 〉 75 years old who presented a NSTEMI and were hospitalized in cardiology intensive care unit between February 2014 and February 2015. Patients were compared on the basis of reperfusion strategy （invasive or conservative） and living status at six months, in order to determine multivariate predictors of the realization of an IS and multivariate predictors of 6-month mor- tality. Results A total of 141 patients were included; 87 （62%） underwent an IS. The strongest independent determinants of IS were younger age [odds ratio （OR）： 0.85, 95%-confidence interval （CI）： 0.78-0.92; P 〈 0.001） and lower ＂Cumulative Illness Rating Scale-Geriatric＂ number of categories score （OR： 0.83, 95%CI： 0.73-0.95; P = 0.002）. IS was not significantly associated with 6-month survival （OR： 0.80, 95%CI： 0.27-2.38; P = 0.69）. Conclusions In real-world elderly patients with NSTEMI, younger patients with fewer comorbidities profited more often from an IS. However, IS did not modify 6-month all-cause mortality.
文摘The growth of mixing zone on an interface induced by Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)instability occurs frequently in natural phenomena and in engineering applications.Usually,the medium on which the RM instability happens is inhomogeneous,the effect of medium inhomogeneity on the growth of the mixing zone during the RM instability is still not clear.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the RM instability in inhomogeneous medium.Based on a high-order computational scheme,the interactions of a density interface with an incident shock wave(ISW)in inhomogeneous medium are numerically simulated by solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations.The effect of the inhomogeneity on the interface evolution after the passage of ISW through the interface is investigated.The results show that the interface morphology develops in a distinctive "spike-spike"structure in inhomogeneous medium.Particularly,the spike structure on the bottom of the interface is due to the reverse induction of RM instability by curved ISW or reflected shock wave.With the increase of inhomogeneity,the growth rate of the mixing zone width on interface increases,and the wave patterns caused by interaction between the shock wave and interface are more complex.Compared with RM instability in homogeneous medium,the inhomogeneous distribution of the density in medium further enhances the baroclinic effect and induces larger vorticity in flow field.Therefore,the interface is stretched much more significantly under the induction of enhanced vorticity in inhomogeneous medium.Based on above analyses,a model for predicting the growth of mixing zone width on the interface after the passage of ISW is proposed,in order to provide a useful method for evaluations of perturbation growth behavior during the RM instability in inhomogeneous medium.
