阿拉善左旗呼鲁斯太预查区沉积环境与聚煤规律

本文通过作者本人野外地质工作实践,结合钻探、地球物理测井资料,对阿拉善左旗呼鲁斯太预查区,依据钻孔资料进行分析,该区每个环境的变化,其成煤作用也有不同,根据不同沉积环境,选择成煤环境较好地段进行下一步勘查工作有一定参考作用。

呼唤王珮瑜

老之已至,耳聋、戒戏、伤心,奈何。只有盯住音配像:周、马、谭、杨、奚、海、程、荀、尚、郝、侯、裘、萧、慈、马……一一恍现,此曲只应天上有矣!惟仍关怀现世,从北京至台北的京剧现状,尤侧目上海,那里出现了《曹操与杨修》、《狸猫换太子》。

Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with severity and long-term prognosis of acute coronary syndrome

Background Obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） is a common disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome （ACS） and associated with an increased risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. However, most patients in previous study were treated with bare metal stents and the sample sizes were relatively low. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of OSA on the severity and prognosis of patients admitted for ACS. Methods In this prospective cohort study, we enrolled patients with ACS who were hospitalized for coronary angiogram/percutaneous coronary intervention and undergone polysomnography. We divided the patients into two groups： moderate to severe OSA group [apnea-hypopnea index （AHI） 〉 15 events/h] and control group （AHI ≤ 15 events/h）. They were followed up for up 32 months. Then, we compared the ACS severity and long-term major adverse cardiovascular events （MACE） in patients with different severity of OSA. Results Five hundred and twenty nine patients were included in the final analysis, with 76% of them being men and an average age of 59 ＋ 10 years. The overall mean AHI is 29 ± 19 events/h, 70.5% of them （373/529） being with moderate to severe OSA and 29.5% （156/529） assign into control group. Compared with controls, patients with moderate or severe OSA exhibited a higher prevalence of hypertension as well as higher body mass index, SYNTAX score, Epworth score and length of hospitalization. With a median follow-up duration of 30 months, accumulative rate of MACE was also higher in patients with moderate or severe OSA than that in the control group （8.6% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.028）. After adjusting for baseline confounders by cox regression model, moderate to severe OSA was an independent risk factor of long-term MACE （P = 0.047, HR = 1.618, 95% CI： 1.069-3.869）. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that moderate or severe OSA is correlated with disease severity and associated with worse long-term prognosis in ACS patients. The results raising the possibility that early diagnose and interventions of OSA could improve long-term outcomes in ACS patients.

A QoS-aware vertical handoff algorithm based on predictive network information

In converged heterogeneous wireless networks, vertical handoff is an important issue in radio resource management and occurs when an end user switches from one network to another （e.g., from wireless local area network to wideband code division multiple access）. Efficient vertical handoff should allocate network resources efficiently and maintain good quality of service （QoS） for the end users. The objective of this work is to determine conditions under which vertical handoff can be performed. The channel usage situation of each access network is formulated as a birth-death process with the objective of predicting the avaliable bandwidth and the blocking probability. A reward function is used to capture the network bandwidth and the blocking probability is expressed as a cost function. An end user will access the certain network which maximizes the total function defined as the combination of the reward fimction and the cost function. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the network performance, including higher bandwidth for end users and lower new call blocking and handoff call blocking probability for networks.

Effects of chloramphenicol preconditioning on oxidative respiratory function of cerebral mitochondria in rats exposed to acute hypoxia

Objective: To investigate the roles of chloramphenicol (CAP) preconditioning in the oxidative respiratory function of cerebral mitochondria in rats exposed to acute hypoxia during acute hypoxia by observing the changes of mitochondrial oxidative respiratory function and cytochrome C oxidase (COX) activity. Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (C), medication (M), hypoxia (H), and medication plus hypoxia (MH). Rats in groups M and MH were administered by peritoneal injection of CAP (50 mg/kg) every 12 h for 7 d before decapitation, but those in groups H and MH were exposed to a hypobaric chamber simulating 5 000 m high altitude for 24 h. The rat cerebral cortex was removed and mitochondria were isolated by centrifugation. Mitochondrial respiratory function and COX activity were measured by Clark oxygen electrode. Results: Compared with Group C, Group H showed significantly elevated state 4 respiration (ST 4), decreased state 3 respiration (ST 3), and respiratory control rate (RCR) in mitochondrial respiration during acute hypoxic exposure. ST 3 in Group MH was significantly lower than that in Group C, but was not significantly different from that in Groups H and M, while ST 4 in Group MH was significantly lower than that in groups C and H. RCR in Group MH was higher than that in Group H, but lower than that in Group C. COX activity in Group H was significantly lower than that in Group C. In Group MH, COX activity increased and was higher than that in Group H, but was still lower than that in Group C. Conclusion: Acute hypoxic exposure could lead to mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction, suggesting that CAP preconditioning might be beneficial to the recovery of rat respiratory function. The change of COX activity is consistent with that of mitochondrial respiratory function during acute hypoxic exposure and CAP-administration, indicating that COX plays an important role in oxidative phosphorylation function of mitochondria from cerebral cortex of hypoxic rats.

Surgical Treatment and Prognosis of Synchronous Double Primary Lung Cancer： a Report of 31 Cases

OBJECTIVE The concept of double primary lung cancer （DPLC） has been generally accepted. Recently, an increasing incidence of synchronous DPLC has been reported, while the diagnostic standard and treatment strategies remain to be improved. This study was conducted to investigate effective surgical treatment and prognosis of synchronous DPLC. METHODS From January 1983 to April 2004, 31 patients with synchronous DPLC were operated in our department. Clinical data, such as surgical pattern, postoperative complications, and survival status, of all these patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS The 31 patients with synchronous DPLC accounted for 0.67% of all the 4,649 patients operated for primary lung cancer in our department during the same period. Both tumors of the synchronous DPLC were resected with Iobectomy or pneumonectomy in 12 patients, while among the other 19 patients at least 1 tumor was treated with partial pulmonary resection. The postoperative morbidity was 29%（9/31）, including 1 case of respiratory insufficiency, 3 cases of atelectasis, 2 cases of atrial fibrillation, 1 case of haemoptysis, 1 case of pleural effusion, and 1 case of wound fat necrosis. No deaths occurred during the operations or within 30 days postoperatively. The postoperative 1 -, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 52%, 29%, and 20%, respectively. CONCLUSION The incidence of synchronous DPLC is low. An aggressive and reasonable surgical approach can achieve a satisfactory outcome in patients with synchronous DPLC. The postoperative morbidity is low. Some patients might achieve long-term survival.

表达IL-4受体的调节性T细胞在过敏性哮喘中的临床意义

目的初步探讨表达IL-4受体的调节性T细胞（IL-4R＋Treg）在过敏性哮喘中的临床意义。方法本研究纳入对屋尘螨过敏的20例哮喘患者作为研究对象，行肺功能检查和哮喘控制问卷（asthmacontrolquestionnaire，ACQ）调查，20名健康志愿者作为对照组。采用流式细胞术检测外周血IL-4R＋Treg／Treg百分比。结果间歇轻度组（n=12）、中重度组（n=8）和正常对照组（n=20）IL-4R＋Treg／Treg％分别为（4．24±2．14）％、（14．56±4．19）％和（1．04±0．54）％，各组之间差异有统计学意义（Pd0．001）。哮喘组IL-4R＋Treg／Treg％与FEV-％预计值呈显著负相关性（r=-0．512，P〈0．05），与ACQ得分呈显著正相关性（r=0．592，P〈0．01）。结论Treg表达的IL-4R在过敏性哮喘的免疫反应中可能发挥重要作用，IL-4R＋ Treg细胞数量的增多可导致哮喘患者体内免疫失衡而促进哮喘的发生发展。

Measurement of Anomalous Radon Gas Emanation Across the Yammouneh Fault in Southern Lebanon: A Possible Approach to Earthquake Prediction

The eastern Mediterranean region is an active tectonic setting that includes the Dead Sea Transform Fault, which forms the boundary between the African and the Arabian Plates and crosses Lebanon from south to north, striking in a restraining bend around 25–30°NE. The major structural feature in Lebanon is the Yammouneh Fault, which reaches to Syria and southern Turkey in a north–south direction. Measurements of radon gas concentration and exhalation rates in two locations along the southern segment of the Yammouneh Fault in south Lebanon were performed. Two profiles in the El-Khiam basin and Blat pull-apart basin and perpendicular to the Yammouneh Fault trace were analyzed. An approximate fault width 25–30 m wide was determined in the El-Khiam study area. Temporal increase of radon concentration was measured and correlated with stress/strain tectonic activity and stress drops along the studied fault segment boundary.Anomalous variable radon concentrations were detected during one of the measurements where an earthquake occurred in the region of Tiberias Lake in northern Palestine along the Yammouneh Fault in the study area. Measurements of radon concentration along a station’s profile in Blat village did not show any radon anomalous variation due to the discontinuity along the fault(pull-apart), and possible absence of stress and energy accumulation along the Yammouneh Fault line in that location.

Comparison of the pulmonary dead-space fraction derived from ventilator volumetric capnography and a validated equation in the survival prediction of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Purpose： This prospective observational study aims to evaluate the accuracy of dead-space fraction derived from the ventilator volumetric capnography （volumetric CO2） or a prediction equation to predict the survival of mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS）. Methods： Consecutive VDJVT measurements were obtained based upon a prediction equation validated by Frankenfield et al for dead-space ventilation fraction： VD/VT = 0.320 ＋ 0.0106 （PaCO2-ETCO2） 4- 0.003 （RR） ＋ 0.0015 （age） in adult patients who had infection-related severe pneumonia and were confirmed as having ARDS. Here PaCO2 is the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in mmHg; ETC02, the end- tidal carbon dioxide measurement in mmHg; RR, respiratory rate per minute; and age in years. Once the patient had intubation, positive end expiratory pressure was adjusted and after Phigh reached a steady state, VD/VT was measured and recorded as the data for the first day. VD/VT measurement was repeated on days 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Meanwhile we collected dead-space fraction directly from the ventilator volu- metric CO2 and recorded it as Vd/Vt. We analyzed the changes in VD/VT and Vd/Vt over the f-day period to determine their accuracy in predicting the survival of ARDS patients. Results： Overall, 46 patients with ARD5 met the inclusion criteria and 24 of them died, During the first 6 days of intubation, VD/VT was significantly higher in nonsurvivors on day 4 （0.70 ± 0,01 vs 0.57 ± 0.01 ）, day 5 （0.73 ± 0.01 vs, 0.54 ± 0.01 ）, and day 6 （0.73 ±0,02 vs. 0.54 ± 0.01 ） （all p - 0.000）. Vd/Vt showed no significant difference on days 1-4 but it was much higher in nonsurvivors on day 5 （0.45 ± 0.04 vs. 0.41 ±0.06） and day 6 （0.47 ± 0,05 vs. 0.40 ± 0.03） （both p - 0.008）. VD/VT on the fourth day was more accurate to predict survival than Vd/Vt. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for VD/VT and Vd/Vt in evaluating ARDS patients survival was day 4 （0,974 ± 0.093 vs. 0.701 ± 0.023, p = 0.0024） with the 95% confidence interval being 0.857-0.999 vs, 0.525-0.84L Conclusion： Compared with Vd/Vt derived from ventilator volumetric CO2, VD/VT on day 4 calculated by Frankenfield et al＇s equation can more accurately predict the survival of ARDS patients.