The boundary identification and quantitative thickness prediction of channel sand bodies are always difficult in seismic exploration.We present a new method for boundary identification and quantitative thickness predi...The boundary identification and quantitative thickness prediction of channel sand bodies are always difficult in seismic exploration.We present a new method for boundary identification and quantitative thickness prediction of channel sand bodies based on seismic peak attributes in the frequency domain.Using seismic forward modeling of a typical thin channel sand body,a new seismic attribute-the ratio of peak frequency to amplitude was constructed.Theoretical study demonstrated that seismic peak frequency is sensitive to the thickness of the channel sand bodies,while the amplitude attribute is sensitive to the strata lithology.The ratio of the two attributes can highlight the boundaries of the channel sand body.Moreover,the thickness of the thin channel sand bodies can be determined using the relationship between seismic peak frequency and thin layer thickness.Practical applications have demonstrated that the seismic peak frequency attribute can depict the horizontal distribution characteristics of channels very well.The ratio of peak frequency to amplitude attribute can improve the identification ability of channel sand body boundaries.Quantitative prediction and boundary identification of channel sand bodies with seismic peak attributes in the frequency domain are feasible.展开更多
To address the issues for assessing and prospecting the replaceable resource of crisis mines, a geological ore-controlling field model and a mineralization distribution field model were proposed from the viewpoint of ...To address the issues for assessing and prospecting the replaceable resource of crisis mines, a geological ore-controlling field model and a mineralization distribution field model were proposed from the viewpoint of field analysis. By dint of solving the field models through transferring the continuous models into the discrete ones, the relationship between the geological ore-controlling effect field and the mineralization distribution field was analyzed, and the quantitative and located parameters were extracted for describing the geological factors controlling mineralization enrichment. The method was applied to the 3-dimensional localization and quantitative prediction for concealed ore bodies in the depths and margins of the Daehang mine in Guangxi, China, and the 3-dimensional distribution models of mineralization indexes and ore-controlling factors such as magmatic rocks, strata, faults, lithology and folds were built. With the methods of statistical analysis and the non-linear programming, the quantitative index set of the geological ore-controlling factors was obtained. In addition, the stereoscopic located and quantitative prediction models were set up by exploring the relationship between the mineralization indexes and the geological ore-controlling factors. So far, some concealed ore bodies with the resource volume of a medium-sized mineral deposit are found in the deep parts of the Dachang Mine by means of the deep prospecting drills following the prediction results, from which the effectiveness of the predication models and results is proved.展开更多
AIM： To analysis the factors that predict the response to entecavir therapy in chronic hepatitis patients with hepatitis B virus （HBV） genotype C. METHODS： Fifty patients [hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）- negative...AIM： To analysis the factors that predict the response to entecavir therapy in chronic hepatitis patients with hepatitis B virus （HBV） genotype C. METHODS： Fifty patients [hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）- negative：HBeAg-positive = 26：24] with HBV genotype C, who received nalve entecavir therapy for 〉 2 years, were analyzed. Patients who showed HBV DNA levels ≥ 3.0 log viral copies/mL after 2 years of entecavir ther- apy were designated as slow-responders, while those that showed 〈 3.0 log copies/mL were termed rapid- responders. Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） levels （qHBsAg） were determined by the Archi- tect HBsAg QT immunoassay. Hepatitis B core-related antigen was detected by enzyme immunoassay. Pre-C and Core promoter mutations were determined using by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Drug-resistance muta- tions were detected by the PCR-Invader method. RESULTS： At year 2, HBV DNA levels in all patients in the HBeAg-negative group were 〈 3.0 log copies/mL. In contrast, in the HBeAg-positive group, 41.7% were slow-responders, while 58.3% were rapid-responders. No entecavir-resistant mutants were detected in the slow-responders. When the pretreatment factors were compared between the slow- and rapid-responders; the median qHBsAg in the slow-responders was 4.57 log IU/mL, compared with 3.63 log IU/mL in the rapid- responders （P 〈 0.01）. When the pretreatment factors predictive of HBV DNA-negative status at year 2 in all 50 patients were analyzed, HBeAg-negative status, low HBV DNA levels, and low qHBsAg levels were signifi- cant （P 〈 0.01）. Multivariate analysis revealed that the low qHBsAg level was the most significant predictive factor （P = 0.03）. CONCLUSION： Quantitation of HBsAg could be a use- ful indicator to predict response to entecavir therapy.展开更多
The influence of various factors, mechanisms, and principles affecting runoff are summarized as periodic law, random law, and basin-wide law. Periodic law is restricted by astronomical factors, random law is restricte...The influence of various factors, mechanisms, and principles affecting runoff are summarized as periodic law, random law, and basin-wide law. Periodic law is restricted by astronomical factors, random law is restricted by atmospheric circulation, and basin-wide law is restricted by underlying surface. The commensurability method was used to identify the almost period law, the wave method was applied to deducing the random law, and the precursor method was applied in order to forecast runoff magnitude for the current year. These three methods can be used to assess each other and to forecast runoff. The system can also be applied to forecasting wet years, normal years and dry years for a particular year as well as forecasting years when floods with similar characteristics of previous floods, can be expected. Based on hydrological climate data of Baishan (1933-2009) and Nierji (1886-2009) in the Songhua River Basin, the forecasting results for 2010 show that it was a wet year in the Baishan Reservoir, similar to the year of 1995; it was a secondary dry year in the Nierji Reservoir, similar to the year of 1980. The actual water inflow into the Baishan Reservoir was 1.178 × 10 10 m 3 in 2010, which was markedly higher than average inflows, ranking as the second highest in history since records began. The actual water inflow at the Nierji station in 2010 was 9.96 × 10 9 m 3 , which was lower than the average over a period of many years. These results indicate a preliminary conclusion that the methods proposed in this paper have been proved to be reasonable and reliable, which will encourage the application of the chief reporter release system for each basin. This system was also used to forecast inflows for 2011, indicating a secondary wet year for the Baishan Reservoir in 2011, similar to that experienced in 1991. A secondary wet year was also forecast for the Nierji station in 2011, similar to that experienced during 1983. According to the nature of influencing factors, mechanisms and forecasting methods and the service objects, mid-to long-term hydrological forecasting can be divided into two classes:mid-to long-term runoff forecasting, and severe floods and droughts forecasting. The former can be applied to quantitative forecasting of runoff, which has important applications for water release schedules. The latter, i.e., qualitative disaster forecasting, is important for flood control and drought relief. Practical methods for forecasting severe droughts and floods are discussed in this paper.展开更多
A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear reg...A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear regression,contained four descriptors solely extracted from the molecular structure of compounds. The statistical results of the final model show that R2= 0.982 4 and S=0.869 8 (where R is the correlation coefficient and S is the standard deviation). To test its predictive ability,the model was further used to predict the 13C NMR spectra of the carbinol carbon atoms of other nine compounds which were not included in the developed model. The average relative errors are 0.94% and 1.70%,respectively,for the training set and the predictive set. The model is statistically significant and shows good stability for data variation as tested by the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. The comparison with other approaches also reveals good performance of this method.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Science and Technology Special Projects (Grant No.2008ZX05000-004)CNPC Key S and T Special Projects (Grant No.2008E-0610-10)
文摘The boundary identification and quantitative thickness prediction of channel sand bodies are always difficult in seismic exploration.We present a new method for boundary identification and quantitative thickness prediction of channel sand bodies based on seismic peak attributes in the frequency domain.Using seismic forward modeling of a typical thin channel sand body,a new seismic attribute-the ratio of peak frequency to amplitude was constructed.Theoretical study demonstrated that seismic peak frequency is sensitive to the thickness of the channel sand bodies,while the amplitude attribute is sensitive to the strata lithology.The ratio of the two attributes can highlight the boundaries of the channel sand body.Moreover,the thickness of the thin channel sand bodies can be determined using the relationship between seismic peak frequency and thin layer thickness.Practical applications have demonstrated that the seismic peak frequency attribute can depict the horizontal distribution characteristics of channels very well.The ratio of peak frequency to amplitude attribute can improve the identification ability of channel sand body boundaries.Quantitative prediction and boundary identification of channel sand bodies with seismic peak attributes in the frequency domain are feasible.
基金Project(2007CB416608) supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2006BAB01B07) supported by the National Science and Technology Pillar Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period
文摘To address the issues for assessing and prospecting the replaceable resource of crisis mines, a geological ore-controlling field model and a mineralization distribution field model were proposed from the viewpoint of field analysis. By dint of solving the field models through transferring the continuous models into the discrete ones, the relationship between the geological ore-controlling effect field and the mineralization distribution field was analyzed, and the quantitative and located parameters were extracted for describing the geological factors controlling mineralization enrichment. The method was applied to the 3-dimensional localization and quantitative prediction for concealed ore bodies in the depths and margins of the Daehang mine in Guangxi, China, and the 3-dimensional distribution models of mineralization indexes and ore-controlling factors such as magmatic rocks, strata, faults, lithology and folds were built. With the methods of statistical analysis and the non-linear programming, the quantitative index set of the geological ore-controlling factors was obtained. In addition, the stereoscopic located and quantitative prediction models were set up by exploring the relationship between the mineralization indexes and the geological ore-controlling factors. So far, some concealed ore bodies with the resource volume of a medium-sized mineral deposit are found in the deep parts of the Dachang Mine by means of the deep prospecting drills following the prediction results, from which the effectiveness of the predication models and results is proved.
基金Supported by A grant from the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare
文摘AIM： To analysis the factors that predict the response to entecavir therapy in chronic hepatitis patients with hepatitis B virus （HBV） genotype C. METHODS： Fifty patients [hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）- negative：HBeAg-positive = 26：24] with HBV genotype C, who received nalve entecavir therapy for 〉 2 years, were analyzed. Patients who showed HBV DNA levels ≥ 3.0 log viral copies/mL after 2 years of entecavir ther- apy were designated as slow-responders, while those that showed 〈 3.0 log copies/mL were termed rapid- responders. Quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） levels （qHBsAg） were determined by the Archi- tect HBsAg QT immunoassay. Hepatitis B core-related antigen was detected by enzyme immunoassay. Pre-C and Core promoter mutations were determined using by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. Drug-resistance muta- tions were detected by the PCR-Invader method. RESULTS： At year 2, HBV DNA levels in all patients in the HBeAg-negative group were 〈 3.0 log copies/mL. In contrast, in the HBeAg-positive group, 41.7% were slow-responders, while 58.3% were rapid-responders. No entecavir-resistant mutants were detected in the slow-responders. When the pretreatment factors were compared between the slow- and rapid-responders; the median qHBsAg in the slow-responders was 4.57 log IU/mL, compared with 3.63 log IU/mL in the rapid- responders （P 〈 0.01）. When the pretreatment factors predictive of HBV DNA-negative status at year 2 in all 50 patients were analyzed, HBeAg-negative status, low HBV DNA levels, and low qHBsAg levels were signifi- cant （P 〈 0.01）. Multivariate analysis revealed that the low qHBsAg level was the most significant predictive factor （P = 0.03）. CONCLUSION： Quantitation of HBsAg could be a use- ful indicator to predict response to entecavir therapy.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation(No.50879028)Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering of Nanjing Hydraulic Research institute(No.2009491311)+1 种基金Open Research Fund Program of State key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University(No.sklhse-2010-A-02)Application Foundation Items of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province(No.2011-05013)
文摘The influence of various factors, mechanisms, and principles affecting runoff are summarized as periodic law, random law, and basin-wide law. Periodic law is restricted by astronomical factors, random law is restricted by atmospheric circulation, and basin-wide law is restricted by underlying surface. The commensurability method was used to identify the almost period law, the wave method was applied to deducing the random law, and the precursor method was applied in order to forecast runoff magnitude for the current year. These three methods can be used to assess each other and to forecast runoff. The system can also be applied to forecasting wet years, normal years and dry years for a particular year as well as forecasting years when floods with similar characteristics of previous floods, can be expected. Based on hydrological climate data of Baishan (1933-2009) and Nierji (1886-2009) in the Songhua River Basin, the forecasting results for 2010 show that it was a wet year in the Baishan Reservoir, similar to the year of 1995; it was a secondary dry year in the Nierji Reservoir, similar to the year of 1980. The actual water inflow into the Baishan Reservoir was 1.178 × 10 10 m 3 in 2010, which was markedly higher than average inflows, ranking as the second highest in history since records began. The actual water inflow at the Nierji station in 2010 was 9.96 × 10 9 m 3 , which was lower than the average over a period of many years. These results indicate a preliminary conclusion that the methods proposed in this paper have been proved to be reasonable and reliable, which will encourage the application of the chief reporter release system for each basin. This system was also used to forecast inflows for 2011, indicating a secondary wet year for the Baishan Reservoir in 2011, similar to that experienced in 1991. A secondary wet year was also forecast for the Nierji station in 2011, similar to that experienced during 1983. According to the nature of influencing factors, mechanisms and forecasting methods and the service objects, mid-to long-term hydrological forecasting can be divided into two classes:mid-to long-term runoff forecasting, and severe floods and droughts forecasting. The former can be applied to quantitative forecasting of runoff, which has important applications for water release schedules. The latter, i.e., qualitative disaster forecasting, is important for flood control and drought relief. Practical methods for forecasting severe droughts and floods are discussed in this paper.
基金Projects(20775010, 21075011) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2008AA05Z405) supported by the National High-tech Research and Development Program of China+2 种基金Project(09JJ3016) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, ChinaProject(09C066) supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department, ChinaProject(2010CL01) supported by the Foundation of Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation, China
文摘A quantitative structure-spectrum relationship (QSSR) model was developed to simulate 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of carbinol carbon atoms for 55 alcohols. The proposed model,using multiple linear regression,contained four descriptors solely extracted from the molecular structure of compounds. The statistical results of the final model show that R2= 0.982 4 and S=0.869 8 (where R is the correlation coefficient and S is the standard deviation). To test its predictive ability,the model was further used to predict the 13C NMR spectra of the carbinol carbon atoms of other nine compounds which were not included in the developed model. The average relative errors are 0.94% and 1.70%,respectively,for the training set and the predictive set. The model is statistically significant and shows good stability for data variation as tested by the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. The comparison with other approaches also reveals good performance of this method.
