An effective technology in controlling trihalomethanes （THMs） formation in the case of large amounts of bromide presenting was proposed, and the water of River Huang seriously polluted by bromide in winter in Tianji...An effective technology in controlling trihalomethanes （THMs） formation in the case of large amounts of bromide presenting was proposed, and the water of River Huang seriously polluted by bromide in winter in Tianjin City was studied. The THMs formation characteristics during prechloramination using preformed chloramines and converted chloramines were studied through jar tests. Results show that, in prechloramination process, the formation of THMs by preformed chloramines is very few, while that by converted ehloramines is a little higher. And the formation of THMs, especially Br^- substituted THMs, increases with the increase of time and Cl2：N ratio as well as the decrease of pH. The result obtained in a pilot plant shows that compared with prechlorination, the prechloramination process can efficiently control the formation of THMs, especially the Br^- substituted species. With equal chlorine dosage, the prechloramination can maintain a larger chlorine residue which offece, a larger CT value than prechlorination.展开更多
The purpose of variable selection is to identify important predictors for response variables. Although there are many varieties of variable selection methods, almost all of them have a problem of not accounting for th...The purpose of variable selection is to identify important predictors for response variables. Although there are many varieties of variable selection methods, almost all of them have a problem of not accounting for the relationship between predictors. Therefore it would well happen that the selected subset of identified predictors leads to hard-to-interpret model consisted of only interaction terms. In design of experiments, the analysis is driven by the effect heredity principle which governs the relationship between an interaction and its corresponding main effects. In this paper, the authors extend the variable selection method the Lasso with effect heredity principle to its Bayesian version. In the example, the authors analyze the data obtained from typical screening design Plackett-Bunnan design and compare the result from the ordinary Bayesian Lasso and proposed method.展开更多
A Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler （PTC） with precooling was designed and manufactured to investigate its performance at 4 K. Numerical simulation was carried out based on the well-known regenerator model REGEN w...A Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler （PTC） with precooling was designed and manufactured to investigate its performance at 4 K. Numerical simulation was carried out based on the well-known regenerator model REGEN with an emphasis on the performance of a 4 K stage regenerator of the Stifling-type PTC as influenced by the warm end temperature, pressure ratio, frequency and average pressure with helium-4 and helium-3 as the working fluid respectively. This study demonstrates that the use of a cold inertance tube can significantly improve the efficiency of a 4 K Stirling-type PTC. A preliminary experimental investigation was carried out with helium-4 as the working fluid and a refrigeration temperature of 4.23 K was achieved. The experimental results show that the operating frequency has a significant influence on the performance of the Stirling-type PTC and a relatively low average pressure is favorable for decreasing the loss associated with the real gas effects of a 4 K Stirling-type PTC.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2002AA601140)
文摘An effective technology in controlling trihalomethanes （THMs） formation in the case of large amounts of bromide presenting was proposed, and the water of River Huang seriously polluted by bromide in winter in Tianjin City was studied. The THMs formation characteristics during prechloramination using preformed chloramines and converted chloramines were studied through jar tests. Results show that, in prechloramination process, the formation of THMs by preformed chloramines is very few, while that by converted ehloramines is a little higher. And the formation of THMs, especially Br^- substituted THMs, increases with the increase of time and Cl2：N ratio as well as the decrease of pH. The result obtained in a pilot plant shows that compared with prechlorination, the prechloramination process can efficiently control the formation of THMs, especially the Br^- substituted species. With equal chlorine dosage, the prechloramination can maintain a larger chlorine residue which offece, a larger CT value than prechlorination.
文摘The purpose of variable selection is to identify important predictors for response variables. Although there are many varieties of variable selection methods, almost all of them have a problem of not accounting for the relationship between predictors. Therefore it would well happen that the selected subset of identified predictors leads to hard-to-interpret model consisted of only interaction terms. In design of experiments, the analysis is driven by the effect heredity principle which governs the relationship between an interaction and its corresponding main effects. In this paper, the authors extend the variable selection method the Lasso with effect heredity principle to its Bayesian version. In the example, the authors analyze the data obtained from typical screening design Plackett-Bunnan design and compare the result from the ordinary Bayesian Lasso and proposed method.
基金Project (No. 50676081) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler （PTC） with precooling was designed and manufactured to investigate its performance at 4 K. Numerical simulation was carried out based on the well-known regenerator model REGEN with an emphasis on the performance of a 4 K stage regenerator of the Stifling-type PTC as influenced by the warm end temperature, pressure ratio, frequency and average pressure with helium-4 and helium-3 as the working fluid respectively. This study demonstrates that the use of a cold inertance tube can significantly improve the efficiency of a 4 K Stirling-type PTC. A preliminary experimental investigation was carried out with helium-4 as the working fluid and a refrigeration temperature of 4.23 K was achieved. The experimental results show that the operating frequency has a significant influence on the performance of the Stirling-type PTC and a relatively low average pressure is favorable for decreasing the loss associated with the real gas effects of a 4 K Stirling-type PTC.
