Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection is a well-established risk factor in the development of nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated forms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)common in parts of China and Southeast Asia.Early det...Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection is a well-established risk factor in the development of nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated forms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)common in parts of China and Southeast Asia.Early detection of NPC can significantly improve survival rates,as the 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed at an early stage can exceed 90%after treatment.Studies have demonstrated that screening for NPC using EBV markers is an effective tool for identifying individuals with the disease.Future efforts should focus on implementing screening programs in high-incidence populations,assessing and refining screening algorithms,and exploring new,potentially more cost-effective screening methods.It is crucial to ensure that any new approaches are validated as superior or non-inferior to existing protocol before being adopted on a wider scale.The success of these screening tools in reducing NPC-related morbidity and mortality will depend on their effective implementation and ensuring access for the populations most in need of preventive interventions.This opinion piece briefly summarizes the current evidence supporting EBV-based screening for NPC detection and discusses future steps,including:1)the implementation of effective NPC screening programs,2)the evaluation of improvements in screening methodologies,and 3)the consideration of novel approaches to screening.展开更多
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与宫颈疾病的关系最初于1983年由德国病毒学家Harald zur Hausen提出,现今无数研究已证实HPV感染与宫颈癌及癌前病变密切相关,是全球范围内最常见的一种性传播病毒感染[1]。至今已鉴定出200多种HPV型别,不同的型别...人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与宫颈疾病的关系最初于1983年由德国病毒学家Harald zur Hausen提出,现今无数研究已证实HPV感染与宫颈癌及癌前病变密切相关,是全球范围内最常见的一种性传播病毒感染[1]。至今已鉴定出200多种HPV型别,不同的型别存在致病差异性,根据HPV与宫颈癌的关系将其分为高危型HPV（hrHPV）和低危型（lrHPV）[2]。其中lrHPV主要导致湿疣类病变,而hrHPV的持续感染是引起宫颈癌及癌前病变的必要条件,将宫颈癌风险提高250倍,其检测率在宫颈癌中达到99.7%。HPV感染的型别及流行性因年龄、种族、社会经济地位和地理位置的差异而不尽相同[3-4]。展开更多
AIM:To investigate gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors among the relatives of patients with gastric cancer[i.e.,gastric cancer relatives(GCRs)].METHODS:We examined the Korean National Health and Nutritio...AIM:To investigate gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors among the relatives of patients with gastric cancer[i.e.,gastric cancer relatives(GCRs)].METHODS:We examined the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005(KNHANESⅢ) database and compared the gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors of GCRs(n=261)with those of non-GCRs(n=454)and controls without a family history of cancer(n=2842).RESULTS:The GCRs were more likely to undergo gastric cancer screening compared with the control group(39.2%vs 32.3%,adjusted odds ratio:1.43,CI:1.05-1.95),although the absolute screening rate was low.Dietary patterns and smoking rates did not differ significantly between the groups,and a high proportion of GCRs reported inappropriate dietary habits(i.e.,approximately 95%consumed excessive sodium,30% were deficient in vitamin C,and 85%were deficient in dietary fiber).CONCLUSION:The gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors of GCRs have yet to be improved.To increase awareness among GCRs,systematic family education programs should be implemented.展开更多
目的分析南充地区女性高危型人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papillomavirus,HR-HPV)感染率、亚型及其分布特点。方法收集南充市中心医院2014年7月至2017年7月门诊及体检共3 762例女性宫颈分泌物标本。采用荧光PCR法进行15种HR-HPV分型检...目的分析南充地区女性高危型人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papillomavirus,HR-HPV)感染率、亚型及其分布特点。方法收集南充市中心医院2014年7月至2017年7月门诊及体检共3 762例女性宫颈分泌物标本。采用荧光PCR法进行15种HR-HPV分型检测,并将所有受检者分为6个年龄段,对所得结果进行分析。结果 3 762例受检者共检测出阳性659例,阳性率为17.5%,感染以单一和双重为主,检出率最高的3种亚型依次为52型209例(31.7%)、58型173例(26.3%)和16型152例(23.1%);6个年龄段中,阳性率较高的是≤20岁(19.1%)、51~60岁(22.8%)和≥61岁(29.5%)人群。结论南充地区女性HR-HPV感染以52、58、16型为主,表现出明显的地域特点。HR-HPV检测对本区域宫颈肿瘤的早期预防和筛查有指导意义。展开更多
文摘Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection is a well-established risk factor in the development of nonkeratinizing and undifferentiated forms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)common in parts of China and Southeast Asia.Early detection of NPC can significantly improve survival rates,as the 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed at an early stage can exceed 90%after treatment.Studies have demonstrated that screening for NPC using EBV markers is an effective tool for identifying individuals with the disease.Future efforts should focus on implementing screening programs in high-incidence populations,assessing and refining screening algorithms,and exploring new,potentially more cost-effective screening methods.It is crucial to ensure that any new approaches are validated as superior or non-inferior to existing protocol before being adopted on a wider scale.The success of these screening tools in reducing NPC-related morbidity and mortality will depend on their effective implementation and ensuring access for the populations most in need of preventive interventions.This opinion piece briefly summarizes the current evidence supporting EBV-based screening for NPC detection and discusses future steps,including:1)the implementation of effective NPC screening programs,2)the evaluation of improvements in screening methodologies,and 3)the consideration of novel approaches to screening.
文摘人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）与宫颈疾病的关系最初于1983年由德国病毒学家Harald zur Hausen提出,现今无数研究已证实HPV感染与宫颈癌及癌前病变密切相关,是全球范围内最常见的一种性传播病毒感染[1]。至今已鉴定出200多种HPV型别,不同的型别存在致病差异性,根据HPV与宫颈癌的关系将其分为高危型HPV（hrHPV）和低危型（lrHPV）[2]。其中lrHPV主要导致湿疣类病变,而hrHPV的持续感染是引起宫颈癌及癌前病变的必要条件,将宫颈癌风险提高250倍,其检测率在宫颈癌中达到99.7%。HPV感染的型别及流行性因年龄、种族、社会经济地位和地理位置的差异而不尽相同[3-4]。
文摘AIM:To investigate gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors among the relatives of patients with gastric cancer[i.e.,gastric cancer relatives(GCRs)].METHODS:We examined the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005(KNHANESⅢ) database and compared the gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors of GCRs(n=261)with those of non-GCRs(n=454)and controls without a family history of cancer(n=2842).RESULTS:The GCRs were more likely to undergo gastric cancer screening compared with the control group(39.2%vs 32.3%,adjusted odds ratio:1.43,CI:1.05-1.95),although the absolute screening rate was low.Dietary patterns and smoking rates did not differ significantly between the groups,and a high proportion of GCRs reported inappropriate dietary habits(i.e.,approximately 95%consumed excessive sodium,30% were deficient in vitamin C,and 85%were deficient in dietary fiber).CONCLUSION:The gastric cancer screening and preventive behaviors of GCRs have yet to be improved.To increase awareness among GCRs,systematic family education programs should be implemented.
