采用亚格子湍动能方程,结合大涡模拟方法(Large eddy simulation,LES)模拟提升管气相湍流流动,颗粒矩(Second Order Moments,SOM)模型模拟提升管内颗粒湍流流动,建立大涡模拟颗粒矩(LES-SOM)双流体模型。数值模拟提升管内气固两相流动...采用亚格子湍动能方程,结合大涡模拟方法(Large eddy simulation,LES)模拟提升管气相湍流流动,颗粒矩(Second Order Moments,SOM)模型模拟提升管内颗粒湍流流动,建立大涡模拟颗粒矩(LES-SOM)双流体模型。数值模拟提升管内气固两相流动与燃烧反应过程,得到了提升管内颗粒浓度和速度以及不同气体组分的空间分布规律。分析了Smagorinsky亚格子应力模型对颗粒相浓度和速度的影响,以及对煤颗粒在提升管内燃烧特性的影响。数值模拟颗粒浓度和速度分布与他人实验结果相吻合。展开更多
Monodisperse nonstoichiometric zinc ferrite nanoparticles with a tunable size of 4.1–32.2 nm are fabricated via thermal decomposition. An extrinsic impurity phase of the ZnO component is present in the zinc ferrite n...Monodisperse nonstoichiometric zinc ferrite nanoparticles with a tunable size of 4.1–32.2 nm are fabricated via thermal decomposition. An extrinsic impurity phase of the ZnO component is present in the zinc ferrite nanoparticles with a size of <10 nm, but this phase can be eliminated after the air annealing treatment. The atom ratio of Zn/Fe and concentration of oxygen vacancies decrease as the particle size of zinc ferrite increases, causing magnetic transition from superparamagnetism to ferromagnetism. The X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra reveal that the spin magnetic moments of Fe^(3+)are reduced, and the orbital magnetic moments are frozen with the increasing atom ratio of Zn/Fe. Therefore,saturation magnetization decreases. The saturation magnetizations of all the zinc ferrite nanoparticles decrease after the air annealing treatment, suggesting that oxygen vacancies considerably influence the magnetic properties. The air annealing treatment can minimize the number of oxygen defects,which trigger some of the Fe^(3+)–OV–Fe^(3+)ferrimagnetic couplings to transfer into the Fe^(3+)–O^(2-)–Fe^(3+)antiferromagnetic couplings. This work provides new insights regarding the magnetic performance of spinel ferrites by tuning the stoichiometric ratio and oxygen defects.展开更多
文摘采用亚格子湍动能方程,结合大涡模拟方法(Large eddy simulation,LES)模拟提升管气相湍流流动,颗粒矩(Second Order Moments,SOM)模型模拟提升管内颗粒湍流流动,建立大涡模拟颗粒矩(LES-SOM)双流体模型。数值模拟提升管内气固两相流动与燃烧反应过程,得到了提升管内颗粒浓度和速度以及不同气体组分的空间分布规律。分析了Smagorinsky亚格子应力模型对颗粒相浓度和速度的影响,以及对煤颗粒在提升管内燃烧特性的影响。数值模拟颗粒浓度和速度分布与他人实验结果相吻合。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51572218,11504293 and 11904275)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2019JM-138)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (18JK0786,19JK0413 and 20JK0946)the Key Project of Research and Development of Shaanxi Province (2018ZDCXL-GY-08-05)。
文摘Monodisperse nonstoichiometric zinc ferrite nanoparticles with a tunable size of 4.1–32.2 nm are fabricated via thermal decomposition. An extrinsic impurity phase of the ZnO component is present in the zinc ferrite nanoparticles with a size of <10 nm, but this phase can be eliminated after the air annealing treatment. The atom ratio of Zn/Fe and concentration of oxygen vacancies decrease as the particle size of zinc ferrite increases, causing magnetic transition from superparamagnetism to ferromagnetism. The X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra reveal that the spin magnetic moments of Fe^(3+)are reduced, and the orbital magnetic moments are frozen with the increasing atom ratio of Zn/Fe. Therefore,saturation magnetization decreases. The saturation magnetizations of all the zinc ferrite nanoparticles decrease after the air annealing treatment, suggesting that oxygen vacancies considerably influence the magnetic properties. The air annealing treatment can minimize the number of oxygen defects,which trigger some of the Fe^(3+)–OV–Fe^(3+)ferrimagnetic couplings to transfer into the Fe^(3+)–O^(2-)–Fe^(3+)antiferromagnetic couplings. This work provides new insights regarding the magnetic performance of spinel ferrites by tuning the stoichiometric ratio and oxygen defects.
