Background To observe the anti-proliferative effects and molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions Xi-Huang pellet （XHP） on human breast cancer cell line SKBR3. Materials and Methods： Huma...Background To observe the anti-proliferative effects and molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions Xi-Huang pellet （XHP） on human breast cancer cell line SKBR3. Materials and Methods： Human breast cancer cell line SKBR3 was cultured. Trypan blue exclusion assay was used to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of medicine. The rates of the cell cycle were measured by ^ow cytometry （FCM）. The impacts of medicine on the protein expression were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. RNA extraction and real-time PCR were used to observe the change of RNA expression. Results： Myrrh, XHP and XHP combined 5-FU could inhibit cellproliferation and arrest SKBR3 cells at S phases. XHP combined 5-FU resulted in a significant increase of intracellular p21WAF1/CiP1 content in SKBR3 cells. XHP and XHP combined 5-FU led to a decrease of mRNA expression on cyclin A2, cyclin D1 and cyclin E in SKBR3 cells. Conclusions： XHP inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer SKBR3 cells via a significantly change of cyclins expression and p21WAF1/CIP1 pathway. 5-FU significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of XHP on SKBR3 cells.展开更多
Objective To observe the effects of Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules on the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland cells in castrated male rabbits. Methods A total of 30 New Zeala...Objective To observe the effects of Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules on the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland cells in castrated male rabbits. Methods A total of 30 New Zealand male white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group A: blank group;group B: model group;group C: Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules group;group D: placebo group;group E: testosterone group. Except for the group A, all rabbits were treated with bilateral testicular and epididymis resection before intervention. Rabbits in group C were administered with Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules (100 mg/kg), 3 times per day;Rabbits in group D were administered with normal saline, 3 times per day. Rabbits in group E were injected with testosterone propionate (0.5 mL/kg) in the thigh muscle, every 3 days. Schirmer I test (SIT) and break-up time (BUT) were measured on 1st day before modeling and 30th day after modeling. After 30 days of intervention, all rabbits were sacrificed. The removal lacrimal gland was stained in immunohistochemica staining. The expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland tissue of each group was detected, and the structure of lacrimal gland was observed. Results The results of SIT and BUT showed that there was significant difference between group B and D compared with group A (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between group C and E (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the comparison of inflammatory factors TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 between group B and D (P > 0.05). There were significant differences between group B and D compared with other groups (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between group A, C and E (P > 0.05). Conclusions Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules have an inhibitory effect on the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in castrated male rabbit lacrimal gland cells, and alleviate the inflammation of lacrimal gland tissue by inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland tissue, so as to treat dry eye.展开更多
Objective To observe the effect of different concentration Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules on apoptosis factors of lacrimal gland cells of castrated male rabbits,and study the treatment effects of Flos Budd...Objective To observe the effect of different concentration Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules on apoptosis factors of lacrimal gland cells of castrated male rabbits,and study the treatment effects of Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules in the dry eye model of castrated male rabbits.Methods Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)raw material was made into granules.Thirty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups,six rabbits in each group.Group A:blank group,Group B:model group,Group C:Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granule group,Group D:placebo group,Group E:testosterone group.Except for group A,all rabbits underwent removal of bilateral testis and epididymis.Rabbits in group C were administered Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules(100 mg/kg),three times per day;rabbits in group D were administered normal saline,three times per day.Rabbits in group E were injected with testosterone propionate(0.5 mL/kg)in the thigh muscle,every 3 days.All rabbits were tested by Schirmer I test(SIT)and tear film break-up time(BUT)before operation and 4 weeks after operation.After 4 weeks,all rabbits were sacrificed by air embolism and clipping of the lacrimal gland.Apoptosis factors,including Bax,Bcl-2,Fas and FasL of lacrimal gland cells were characterized by immunohistochemistry,and resulting data were statistically analyzed.Results(1)Comparison of SIT and BUT before and after operation:There were statistically significant differences between groups B and D(P<0.01),but not among other groups(P>0.05).(2)Comparison of apoptosis factors Bax,Bcl-2 Fas and FasL:In a comparison of groups B and D,there was no statistically significant difference after operation(P>0.05).In a comparison of the other groups,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.01).In comparisons among A,C and E groups,there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with androgen,Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules caused similar but slightly weaker depression of Bax,Fas and FasL,and increased expression of Bcl-2.展开更多
This review examines the organizational principles underlying olfactory learning in three specialized contexts that occur during sensitive periods of enhanced neural plasticity and emphasizes some of their common feat...This review examines the organizational principles underlying olfactory learning in three specialized contexts that occur during sensitive periods of enhanced neural plasticity and emphasizes some of their common features. All three forms of olfactory learning are associated with neural changes in the olfactory bulb （OB） at the first stage of sensory processing. These changes require the association of the olfactory and somatosensory signals in the OB. They all depend on somatosensory stimulation-induced release of noradrenaline that induces structural and functional changes at mitral-granule cell reciprocal synapses in the OB, resulting in increases in inhibitory transmission. In the accessory olfactory bulb, this represents the enhanced self-inhibition of mitral cells, which selectively disrupts the transmission of the mating male＇s pregnancy-blocking signal at this level. In contrast, an extensive network of secondary dendrites of mitral cells in the main olfactory bulb probably results in a sharpening of the odor-induced pattern of activity, due to increases in lateral inhibition, leading to offspring recognition in sheep and neonatal learning in rats and rabbits. These findings show that inhibitory intemeurons play a critical role in olfactory learning. Further work on how these neurons shape olfactory circuit function could provide important clues to understand memory functions of interneurons in other systems. Moreover, recent research has suggested that three forms of olfactory learning are controlled by synergistic, redundant, and distributed neural mechanisms. This has general implications regarding the mechanisms that may contribute to the robustness of memories [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 819-833, 2010].展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China （No. 81173376） and New Century Excellent Talent （NCET-11-1068）.
文摘Background To observe the anti-proliferative effects and molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions Xi-Huang pellet （XHP） on human breast cancer cell line SKBR3. Materials and Methods： Human breast cancer cell line SKBR3 was cultured. Trypan blue exclusion assay was used to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of medicine. The rates of the cell cycle were measured by ^ow cytometry （FCM）. The impacts of medicine on the protein expression were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. RNA extraction and real-time PCR were used to observe the change of RNA expression. Results： Myrrh, XHP and XHP combined 5-FU could inhibit cellproliferation and arrest SKBR3 cells at S phases. XHP combined 5-FU resulted in a significant increase of intracellular p21WAF1/CiP1 content in SKBR3 cells. XHP and XHP combined 5-FU led to a decrease of mRNA expression on cyclin A2, cyclin D1 and cyclin E in SKBR3 cells. Conclusions： XHP inhibits the proliferation of breast cancer SKBR3 cells via a significantly change of cyclins expression and p21WAF1/CIP1 pathway. 5-FU significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of XHP on SKBR3 cells.
基金the funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30772824 and No. 81574031)Science and Technology Plan of Changsha City (No. K1501014-31 and No. kc1704005)+1 种基金Central Government Supports the Construction of Local Colleges and Universities ProjectKey Subject Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ophthalmology of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Construction Project of Key Discipline of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Hunan Province
文摘Objective To observe the effects of Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules on the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland cells in castrated male rabbits. Methods A total of 30 New Zealand male white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group A: blank group;group B: model group;group C: Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules group;group D: placebo group;group E: testosterone group. Except for the group A, all rabbits were treated with bilateral testicular and epididymis resection before intervention. Rabbits in group C were administered with Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules (100 mg/kg), 3 times per day;Rabbits in group D were administered with normal saline, 3 times per day. Rabbits in group E were injected with testosterone propionate (0.5 mL/kg) in the thigh muscle, every 3 days. Schirmer I test (SIT) and break-up time (BUT) were measured on 1st day before modeling and 30th day after modeling. After 30 days of intervention, all rabbits were sacrificed. The removal lacrimal gland was stained in immunohistochemica staining. The expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland tissue of each group was detected, and the structure of lacrimal gland was observed. Results The results of SIT and BUT showed that there was significant difference between group B and D compared with group A (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between group C and E (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the comparison of inflammatory factors TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 between group B and D (P > 0.05). There were significant differences between group B and D compared with other groups (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between group A, C and E (P > 0.05). Conclusions Buddlejae Flos (Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花) granules have an inhibitory effect on the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in castrated male rabbit lacrimal gland cells, and alleviate the inflammation of lacrimal gland tissue by inhibiting the expression of TGF-β1, NF-κB, IL-10 and IL-12 in lacrimal gland tissue, so as to treat dry eye.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No.30772824 and No.81574031)225 Project of High-Level Medical Talents of Hunan Province+4 种基金Research Project of Science and Technology Department of Hunan Province (No.2015SF2016-6)Research Project of Hunan Provincial Development and Reform Commission (No.[2014]658)Major Project of Changsha Science and Technology Plan (K1501014-31)Construction Project of Key Discipline of Chinese Ophthalmology of State Administration of Traditional Chinese MedicineConstruction Project of Key Discipline of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology of Chinese Medicine of Hunan Province
文摘Objective To observe the effect of different concentration Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules on apoptosis factors of lacrimal gland cells of castrated male rabbits,and study the treatment effects of Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules in the dry eye model of castrated male rabbits.Methods Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)raw material was made into granules.Thirty healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups,six rabbits in each group.Group A:blank group,Group B:model group,Group C:Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granule group,Group D:placebo group,Group E:testosterone group.Except for group A,all rabbits underwent removal of bilateral testis and epididymis.Rabbits in group C were administered Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules(100 mg/kg),three times per day;rabbits in group D were administered normal saline,three times per day.Rabbits in group E were injected with testosterone propionate(0.5 mL/kg)in the thigh muscle,every 3 days.All rabbits were tested by Schirmer I test(SIT)and tear film break-up time(BUT)before operation and 4 weeks after operation.After 4 weeks,all rabbits were sacrificed by air embolism and clipping of the lacrimal gland.Apoptosis factors,including Bax,Bcl-2,Fas and FasL of lacrimal gland cells were characterized by immunohistochemistry,and resulting data were statistically analyzed.Results(1)Comparison of SIT and BUT before and after operation:There were statistically significant differences between groups B and D(P<0.01),but not among other groups(P>0.05).(2)Comparison of apoptosis factors Bax,Bcl-2 Fas and FasL:In a comparison of groups B and D,there was no statistically significant difference after operation(P>0.05).In a comparison of the other groups,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.01).In comparisons among A,C and E groups,there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with androgen,Flos Buddlejae(Mi Meng Hua,密蒙花)granules caused similar but slightly weaker depression of Bax,Fas and FasL,and increased expression of Bcl-2.
基金supported in part by research grants from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan and Kochi University
文摘This review examines the organizational principles underlying olfactory learning in three specialized contexts that occur during sensitive periods of enhanced neural plasticity and emphasizes some of their common features. All three forms of olfactory learning are associated with neural changes in the olfactory bulb （OB） at the first stage of sensory processing. These changes require the association of the olfactory and somatosensory signals in the OB. They all depend on somatosensory stimulation-induced release of noradrenaline that induces structural and functional changes at mitral-granule cell reciprocal synapses in the OB, resulting in increases in inhibitory transmission. In the accessory olfactory bulb, this represents the enhanced self-inhibition of mitral cells, which selectively disrupts the transmission of the mating male＇s pregnancy-blocking signal at this level. In contrast, an extensive network of secondary dendrites of mitral cells in the main olfactory bulb probably results in a sharpening of the odor-induced pattern of activity, due to increases in lateral inhibition, leading to offspring recognition in sheep and neonatal learning in rats and rabbits. These findings show that inhibitory intemeurons play a critical role in olfactory learning. Further work on how these neurons shape olfactory circuit function could provide important clues to understand memory functions of interneurons in other systems. Moreover, recent research has suggested that three forms of olfactory learning are controlled by synergistic, redundant, and distributed neural mechanisms. This has general implications regarding the mechanisms that may contribute to the robustness of memories [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 819-833, 2010].
