试论颜检流放遭际及其西域诗歌

纵观中国古代诗歌的发展历程,清代西域诗歌处在中国传统诗歌的过渡与总结阶段,其创作融入了西域特有的文化符码,它是边塞文学中最突出的文化现象。清代西域诗的繁荣,不仅反映了西域的地理人文景观,而且也反映出了西域的经济生活和社会价值及文化判断;同样,也展现出了西域独特的民族文化交流与社会融合的特质,支撑了西域诗歌的主流文化形态。基于上述考虑,本文以颜检西域诗歌为研究对象,在中国传统诗学的基础上,进一步梳理颜检流放西域的遭际境况,从而对其西域诗歌进行整体性的认识,以及文学性的评估其西域文化价值。

试论颜检流放遭际及其西域诗歌

清代西域诗处在中国古代诗歌发展历程中的过渡和总结阶段,其创作展现出边塞诗独有的文化景象。清代西域诗,既反映了西域的地理人文景观,又表现出西域的经济军事文化等内容。本文以颜检西域诗为研究对象,在中国传统诗学的基础上,进一步梳理他流放西域的遭际及创作境况,把握其西域诗的文学特性,展现其西域诗的文化价值。

颜检西域诗风及其成因浅论

清朝嘉庆间大吏颜检流放新疆的诗作,主要呈现平淡质朴的诗风,这与他喜爱陶渊明的诗风有很深的关联,亲历西域也对其诗风的形成有极深的影响。对颜检诗风的研究探索,有助于完善我们对清代西域诗歌的研究。

A new species of the genus Phasia Latreille(Diptera: Tachinidae) from China

One new species from China, Phasia xuei sp. nov., is described and illustrated. A modified key to the Phasia barbifrons-group is provided. The types are deposited in the Insect Collection of Shenyang Normal University （SYNU）.

清代贵州官署楹联丛谈

清代撰联之风极盛,举凡祠庙、寺观、楼台、亭阁、馆舍、公署、桥梁,都挂贴、刻写楹联。封建社会的官吏往往喜书对联张挂官署内楹柱,或描写治地山川形胜,或反映仕途悲欢得失,或申明施政宗旨,或告诫僚属尽职之责,或奖励百姓耕织,或省视自身功过,内容丰富,写法各异。考察官署楹联,可以窥视封建社会的吏治情况,了解各级官吏的为官思想道德,补充地方官施政史的内容,也可以丰富封建社会文化史的研究。一贵州巡抚署,地势高爽,署中“柱笏轩”,颜检题联云:两袖入清风,静忆此生宦况;一庭来好月,朗同吾辈心期。颜检,字惺甫,连平人,乾隆拔贡生,嘉庆六年官贵州巡抚。

Sensitivity of the suspected blood indicator:An experimental study

AIM： To investigate whether suspected blood indicator （SBI） in capsule endoscopy （CE） is affected by back- ground color and capsule passage velocity. METHODS： Experimental models of the small intestine constructed from paper in a variety of colors were used to simulate the background colors observed in CE im- ages. The background colors studied included very pale yellow, yellow, very pale magenta, light grayish pink, burnt sienna, and deep and dark brown, and red spots were attached inside them. An endoscopic capsule was manually passed through the models. The rate of detection of the red spots by the SBI was evaluated based on the colors of the models and the capsule pas- sage velocities （0.5 cm/s, 1 cm/s, and 2 cm/s）.RESULTS： The rate of detection of the red spots byground color of the model （P 〈 0.001）. Detection rates were highest for backgrounds of very pale magenta, burnt sienna, and yellow, in that order. They were lowest for backgrounds of dark brown and very pale yellow. The rate of detection of red spots by the SBI tended to decrease at rapid capsule passage velocities （1-2 cm/s） compared to slow velocities （0.5 cm/s） for backgrounds of very pale yellow （P = 0.042）, yellow （P = 0.001）, very pale magenta （P = 0.002）, and burnt sien- na （P = 0.001）. No significant differences in the rate of detection were observed according to velocity for light grayish pink （P = 0.643） or dark brown （P = 0.396）. CONCLUSION： SBI sensitivity was affected by back- ground color and capsule passage velocity in the models. These findings may facilitate the rapid detection of bleeding lesions by CE.

Tracking of human head with particle filter

To cope with the problem of tracking a human head in a complicated scene,we propose a method that adopts human skin color and hair color integrated with a kind of particle filter named condensation algorithm.Firstly,a novel method is presented to set up human head color model using skin color and hair color separately based on region growing.Compared with traditional human face model,this method is more precise and works well when human turns around and the face disappears in the image.Then a novel method is presented to use color model in condensation algorithm more effectively.In this method,a combination of edge detection result,color segmentation result and color edge detection result in an Omega window is used to measure the scale and position of human head in condensation.Experiments show that this approach can track human head in complicated scene even when human turns around or the distance of tracking a human head changes quickly.

Content-based Image Retrieval Using Color Histogram

This paper introduces the principles of using color histogram to match images in CBIR. And a prototype CBIR system is designed with color matching function. A new method using 2-dimensional color histogram based on hue and saturation to extract and represent color information of an image is presented. We also improve the Euclidean-distance algorithm by adding Center of Color to it. The experiment shows modifications made to Euclidean-distance signif-icantly elevate the quality and efficiency of retrieval.

Multi-face detection based on downsampling and modified subtractive clustering for color images

This paper presents a multi-face detection method for color images. The method is based on the assumption that faces are well separated from the background by skin color detection. These faces can be located by the proposed method which modifies the subtractive clustering. The modified clustering algorithm proposes a new definition of distance for multi-face detection, and its key parameters can be predetermined adaptively by statistical information of face objects in the image. Downsampling is employed to reduce the computation of clustering and speed up the process of the proposed method. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by three experiments.

Exploiting global and local features for image retrieval

Two lines of image representation based on multiple features fusion demonstrate excellent performance in image retrieval.However,there are some problems in both of them:1)the methods defining directly texture in color space put more emphasis on color than texture feature;2)the methods extract several features respectively and combine them into a vector,in which bad features may lead to worse performance after combining directly good and bad features.To address the problems above,a novel hybrid framework for color image retrieval through combination of local and global features achieves higher retrieval precision.The bag-of-visual words(BoW)models and color intensity-based local difference patterns(CILDP)are exploited to capture local and global features of an image.The proposed fusion framework combines the ranking results of BoW and CILDP through graph-based density method.The performance of our proposed framework in terms of average precision on Corel-1K database is86.26%,and it improves the average precision by approximately6.68%and12.53%over CILDP and BoW,respectively.Extensive experiments on different databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for image retrieval.

Skin Detection Using Simple Arithmetic Operations

Skin detection is the primary step in a large number of computer vision applications. Speed and simplicity are vital components in many of these applications. Various methods have been implemented. However they lack either speed or simplicity or both. In previous studies, simple color component subtraction and threshold in RGB color space were used. However, in this research study, the threshold is found empirically using a known images database. In addition, all the RGB color components were used in the calculation. Optimistic results were obtained. The obtained results illustrate that this method is a promising approach used in skin detection applications.

Image Copy-Move Forgery Detection Using SURF in Opponent Color Space

Most existing methods for image copy-move forgery detection(CMFD)operate on grayscale images. Although the keypoint-based methods have the advantages of strong robustness and low computational cost,they cannot identify the flat duplicated regions without reliable extracted features. In this paper, we propose a new CMFD method by using speeded-up robust feature(SURF)in the opponent color space. Our method starts by converting the inspected image from RGB to the opponent color space. The color gradient per pixel is calculated and taken as the work space for SURF to extract the keypoints. The matched keypoints are clustered and their geometric transformations are estimated. Finally, the false matches are removed. Experimental results show that the proposed technique can effectively expose the duplicated regions with various transformations, even when the duplication regions are flat.

Automatic salient object segmentation using saliency map and color segmentation

A new method for automatic salient object segmentation is presented.Salient object segmentation is an important research area in the field of object recognition,image retrieval,image editing,scene reconstruction,and 2D/3D conversion.In this work,salient object segmentation is performed using saliency map and color segmentation.Edge,color and intensity feature are extracted from mean shift segmentation(MSS)image,and saliency map is created using these features.First average saliency per segment image is calculated using the color information from MSS image and generated saliency map.Then,second average saliency per segment image is calculated by applying same procedure for the first image to the thresholding,labeling,and hole-filling applied image.Thresholding,labeling and hole-filling are applied to the mean image of the generated two images to get the final salient object segmentation.The effectiveness of proposed method is proved by showing 80%,89%and 80%of precision,recall and F-measure values from the generated salient object segmentation image and ground truth image.

Joint detection method of pornographic images with skin-like color background

A novel approach is proposed to automatically detect pomographic images with skin-like color background on the Intemet using the locations of human faces and bodies. It has two separate skin-color detection steps： the first one is to quickly detect the potential human skin-color regions; and the second one is to use an off-the-shelf face detector to locate a human face and then apply hypothesis testing based on series of assumptions which take into account the face-height ratio, body orientation and modem photograph composition common sense, etc. After that, a template matching method is used to further discriminate normal images or pornographic ones. Experimental results show that the proposed method has high precision and real time speed.

Color ImageBased Defect Detection Method for Bridge Coating Assessment

This paper presents a highly efficient method for recognizing the existence of bridge coating rust defects by using color image processing. The detection of defects on steel bridge surfaces during the operation and maintenance of bridge structures is important to ensure the safety and reliability of them. More advanced techniques such as digital image processing have been studied for better monitoring and detection as existing infrastructure systems are aged and deteriorated rapidly. Recently, image-based defect recognition and assessment methods have gained considerable attention in the civil engineering domain due to their accuracy, speed, and lower cost. The proposed method in this paper is a fast decision-making system by utilizing color image processing. It was developed by processing original bridge coating images to generate color values and calculating eigenvalues from each digitized image. The values from two different groups, a defective group and a nondefective group, are compared each other to figure out the feasibility of this approach. Finally, an automated defect recognition method is presented and tested with more images. This method can be used to make a decision whether a given digitized image contains defects.

明官箴刻石考释

引语'吏不畏吾严,而畏吾廉;民不服吾能,而服吾公。公则民不敢慢,廉则吏不敢欺。公生明,廉生威。'上面这段话是明代的一则官箴,在西安碑林的第五室有这几句箴言的刻石。几年前,由于报刊上多次彰扬河北省无极县委书记刘日同志勤政廉政的事迹,从而人们又知道,在无极县委大院里也有一个官箴刻石,其箴言与西安碑林的官箴大同小异。这则官箴言约而意深,道出了做官的要领,故几百年来被一些居官者奉为座右铭,即使在今天,它仍然博得许多人的赞赏,流布越来越广。

颜伯焘:从嘴上抗英到撒谎度日

清朝时期,广东连平县的颜伯焘家族在当地名气很大,因为整个清朝268年,颜氏家族祖孙三代都曾官居督抚,这在广东可谓凤毛麟角.颜家"祖孙三代皆督抚",指的是颜伯焘祖父颜希深在乾隆朝先后担任湖南巡抚、贵州巡抚和云南巡抚,其父颜检曾在嘉庆年间担任直隶总督、漕运总督,颜伯焘本人则在道光年间担任过陕西巡抚、云南巡抚及闽浙总督.

话说“公廉”官箴碑

＂吏不畏吾严而畏吾廉,民不服吾能而服吾公。公则民不敢慢,廉则吏不敢欺。公生明,廉生威。＂这是历史上著名的官箴之一,因其主题是＂公＂和＂廉＂,故又称＂公廉＂官箴。传统中国在对官员的道德要求中,＂公＂和＂廉＂尤其突出。对于旧时普通民众而言,社会话语权几近于无,封建专制体制又没有为民众的民权诉求提供公正公平评判的法制保障,＂公正＂和＂廉明＂就显得尤为重要,这种对官员的道德期盼久而久之就形成了中国特有的清官文化、廉吏文化。

From deception to frankness： Benefits of ontogenetic shift in the anti-predator strategy of alder moth Acronicta alni larvae

Animals can avoid predation by masquerading as objects that are not food to their predators. Alder moth Acronicta alni larvae go through an impressive ontogenetic change from masquerade to highly conspicuous appearance： early larval stages resemble bird droppings but in the last instar the larval coloration changes into striking yellow-and-black stripes. We hypothe- sized that such a change may be driven by differential predation favoring dissimilar anti-predator strategies in different life stages We show with a series of laboratory assays that larvae are distasteful to birds regardless of their developmental stage, suggesting that ontogenetic color change is not driven by the differential chemical defense. Birds showed higher variance in hesitation to- ward conspicuous prey; some individuals hesitated long time before attacking whereas all birds attacked instantly masqueraded prey. We also found that the activity level of the larvae increased with age, which fits to the fact that larvae need to move from foliage to pupation sites. In the field by using artificial larvae resembling the two life-history stages we found predation risk to vary during the season： In early summer larger yellow-and-black larvae were attacked most, whereas later in the summer small ＇bird-dropping-larvae＇ suffered the highest predation. We conclude that the ontogenetic switch from masquerading to aposema- tism is adaptive most likely because actively moving prey cannot mimic immotile objects and thus, aposematism during the ac- tive and vulnerable period when larvae are searching for pupation sites becomes beneficial