The application model of epidemic disease assessment technology for Web-based large-scale pig farm was expounded from the identification of epidemic disease risk factors, construction of risk assessment model and deve...The application model of epidemic disease assessment technology for Web-based large-scale pig farm was expounded from the identification of epidemic disease risk factors, construction of risk assessment model and development of risk assessment system. The assessed pig farm uploaded the epidemic disease risk data information through on-line answering evaluating questionnaire to get the immediate evaluation report. The model could enhance the risk communication between pig farm veterinarian, manager and veterinary experts to help farm system understand and find disease risk factors, assess and report the potential high risk items of the pig farm in the three systems of engineering epidemic disease prevention technology, biological safety and immune monitoring, and promote the improvement and perfection of epidemic disease prevention and control measures.展开更多
On the basis of the price, volume and volatility of underlying stocks, this article empirically investigates the impact of 273 Taiwan call warrants on underlying stocks. Discussions by the market risk, depth, tightnes...On the basis of the price, volume and volatility of underlying stocks, this article empirically investigates the impact of 273 Taiwan call warrants on underlying stocks. Discussions by the market risk, depth, tightness and liquidity, changes on underlying stocks due to warrants issuance, are investigated. In this study, the CAPM is applied for evaluating the market risk, the Kyle model for the market depth, the averaged best five bid-ask spread for the market tightness and the averaged turnover rate for the market liquidity. The empirical results indicate that the most significant influence is the market liquidity, the market tightness next; the market risk and market depth are non-significant.展开更多
The available electricity generated by a wind power generation system depends on mean wind speed, standard deviation of wind speed and the location of installation. Since year-to-year variation on annual mean wind spe...The available electricity generated by a wind power generation system depends on mean wind speed, standard deviation of wind speed and the location of installation. Since year-to-year variation on annual mean wind speed is hard to predict, wind speed variations during a year can be well characterized in terms of a probability distribution function, as well Weibull distribution has been one of the most commonly used, accepted and recommended distribution to determine wind energy potential. In this study, the two Weibull parameters of the wind speed distribution function （the shape parameter k （dimensionless） and the scale parameter c （m/s））, were computed from the wind speed data for Algerian east coastal regions, recording over a 1 l-year period （1995-2005）. It was found that the numerical values of both Weibull parameters （k and c） vary over a wide range. The yearly values ofk range from 1.20 to 1.94, while those of c are in the range from 4.31 to 1.94. To minimize the uncertainties of statistical calculation, a spatial representation indicating distribution and occurrence frequency the direction from which the wind comes, appears a very primordial step. Over the whole valid data during the study period, the compass shows that there is no dominant direction marked. However, we can identify a preferred wind direction. The statistical results correspond to the analysis of the rose compass.展开更多
The obviously ever increasing number of corporate acquisitions in recent decades has improved the general knowledge and awareness of due diligence for both the industry and research. In the current challenging busines...The obviously ever increasing number of corporate acquisitions in recent decades has improved the general knowledge and awareness of due diligence for both the industry and research. In the current challenging business environment, acquisitions face a higher degree of risk profiles, especially cross-border acquisitions in the emerging markets. Conducting a thorough due diligence investigation in the context of an acquisition is more important now than ever. In a broad analysis, this paper researches the key risk factors in the acquisition process and their assessment within a due diligence audit in the acquisition phase. The task of this paper is to match the academic and practical view in order to give a more complete understanding of risk factors to be covered in due diligence audit. The starting point is the research of academic findings which basically concentrate on common approaches considering financial, legal, commercial, and some other issues in domestic acquisitions and in developed countries. In contrast, this paper considers risk factors in cross-border and emerging markets transactions. In addition, a number of business consultants publish studies based on surveys on this topic which reflect typical risk factors based on experience of their customers being involved in cross-border acquisitions. Their risk assessment consists of specific regulatory, political, and other factors, which may lead to commercial and reputational impediments in cross-border acquisitions. The outcome of the comparison is a comprehended list of evaluated risk factors, whereby the academic findings are complemented and supported by the practical experience in the business consultant＇s studies. Moreover, the practical approach points to the fact that due diligence scope needs to be suited to the dynamics of the markets. The comparison and the comprehended list of evaluated risk factors call for a more integrated system of due diligence and show herein the research deficit. Hence, the novelty is the compendium of evaluated risk factors which should be assessed in the pre-acquisition phase. The originality of the paper is given by a unique analysis of academic work about acquisition due diligence literature and consultant studies from anonymized practical experience based on insider information.展开更多
Urban waste management and particularly dumpsites represents one of the most significant problems tot the long term protection of public health and environment in Albania. All waste management options, including landf...Urban waste management and particularly dumpsites represents one of the most significant problems tot the long term protection of public health and environment in Albania. All waste management options, including landfilling, involve an element of risk to human health. This article addresses the question, if sources of emissions from Sharra landfill lead theoretically to public exposures exceeding health criteria？ This question is approached using an exposure pathway analysis framework, which link a source of one or more harmful pollutants at a site with a human receptor that inhales the pollutant. The risk posed to human health from HCHO （formaldehyde） and dioxin is estimated for on-site and off-site receptors in Sharra landfill. For on-site receptors, the average risk to get harm through the inhalation pathway from HCHO is in the range of 20 times to 300 times greater than allowed risk value, while for off-site receptors the average risk is in the range of 10 times to 180 times greater. While for dioxin the risk is in the range from 50 to 600 for on-site receptors and 10 to 35 for off-site receptors, times greater than often allowed risk.展开更多
Decarbonization of electricity industry for the goal of sustainability success has resulted in large investment in alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass. Although these energy resources are sustainab...Decarbonization of electricity industry for the goal of sustainability success has resulted in large investment in alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass. Although these energy resources are sustainable and have the potential of reducing the world carbon foot print, there are costs associated with its utilization. In recent time, electricity from alternative energy sources like wind and solar are not cost competitive with electricity from the conventional power plant. This paper is aimed at investigating the optimum investment in a typical wind farm project using a TSA （time series analysis） alongside simple economic tool, AAP （annual annuity payment） model. This study involves a year round analysis of （8,760h） at different wind farm capacity connected to a 132/33kV DS （distribution system）. It also focused on digressing from the technical and environmental benefits to financial assessment of increasing wind generation capacity in the DS. Indeed, this development presents a risk of investment to the stakeholders which necessitates proper scrutiny and to ensure profitability of the venture. The level of capital cost along with operation and maintenance （OM） costs are either financed by private or public sectors on wind farm with the sole aim of achieving the ROI （return-on-investment）. The results obtained from this study shows the possible ROI is not proportional to the wind capacity invested. Also, a sensitivity analysis conducted revealed the profit derived from wind farm is more responsive to the investment/capital cost and the price at which the electricity is being sold.展开更多
Due to possible health effects of electric and magnetic fields, a directive on minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields has been disposed by European Parliamen...Due to possible health effects of electric and magnetic fields, a directive on minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields has been disposed by European Parliament and Council regarding the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields. This legislation will be nationally implemented in 2012.The aim of this work was to develop a electromagnetic field exposure measurement method and further a magnetic field hazard evaluation method for exposure of workers in indoor medium to low voltage （MV/LV） distribution substations. Magnetic field exposure was also reflected with BS 8800 general risk classification procedure to accomplish specifications to execute magnetic field measurements and carry our risk assessment procedure for working tasks. The risk assessment procedure is based on magnetic field exposure measurements and dosimetric FEM calculations founded on EU Directive 2004/40/EC. According to field measurements action values were exceeded in several working tasks but limit values were not exceeded.展开更多
An analytical approach for probabilistic evaluation of transient stability of a power system incorporating a wind farm is presented in this study. Based on the fact that the boundary of practical dynamic security regi...An analytical approach for probabilistic evaluation of transient stability of a power system incorporating a wind farm is presented in this study. Based on the fact that the boundary of practical dynamic security region(PDSR) of a power system with double fed induction generators(DFIG) can be approximated by one or few hyper-planes in nodal power injection space, transient stability criterion for given configurations of pre-fault, fault-on and post-fault of a power system is to be expressed by certain expressions of linear combination of nodal injection vector and the transient stability probability(TSP) is further obtained with a much more simplified expression than the complex integral. Furthermore, considering uncertainties of nodal injection power including wind power and load, TSP is calculated analytically by Cornish-Fisher expansion, which can provide reliable evaluation results with high accuracy and much less computing time compared with Monte Carlo simulation. TSP and its visualization can further help operators and planners be aware of the degree of stability or instability and find critical components to monitor and reinforce. Test results on the New England 10-generators and 39-buses power system show the method's effectiveness and significance for probabilistic security assessment.展开更多
基金Supported by the Fund Program of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(6111689)the Planning Program of"the Twelfth Five-year-plan"in National Science and Technology for the Rural Developme+nt in China(2015BAD12B04-1.2)the Fund for Independent Innovation of Agricultural Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province[CX(16)1006]~~
文摘The application model of epidemic disease assessment technology for Web-based large-scale pig farm was expounded from the identification of epidemic disease risk factors, construction of risk assessment model and development of risk assessment system. The assessed pig farm uploaded the epidemic disease risk data information through on-line answering evaluating questionnaire to get the immediate evaluation report. The model could enhance the risk communication between pig farm veterinarian, manager and veterinary experts to help farm system understand and find disease risk factors, assess and report the potential high risk items of the pig farm in the three systems of engineering epidemic disease prevention technology, biological safety and immune monitoring, and promote the improvement and perfection of epidemic disease prevention and control measures.
文摘On the basis of the price, volume and volatility of underlying stocks, this article empirically investigates the impact of 273 Taiwan call warrants on underlying stocks. Discussions by the market risk, depth, tightness and liquidity, changes on underlying stocks due to warrants issuance, are investigated. In this study, the CAPM is applied for evaluating the market risk, the Kyle model for the market depth, the averaged best five bid-ask spread for the market tightness and the averaged turnover rate for the market liquidity. The empirical results indicate that the most significant influence is the market liquidity, the market tightness next; the market risk and market depth are non-significant.
文摘The available electricity generated by a wind power generation system depends on mean wind speed, standard deviation of wind speed and the location of installation. Since year-to-year variation on annual mean wind speed is hard to predict, wind speed variations during a year can be well characterized in terms of a probability distribution function, as well Weibull distribution has been one of the most commonly used, accepted and recommended distribution to determine wind energy potential. In this study, the two Weibull parameters of the wind speed distribution function （the shape parameter k （dimensionless） and the scale parameter c （m/s））, were computed from the wind speed data for Algerian east coastal regions, recording over a 1 l-year period （1995-2005）. It was found that the numerical values of both Weibull parameters （k and c） vary over a wide range. The yearly values ofk range from 1.20 to 1.94, while those of c are in the range from 4.31 to 1.94. To minimize the uncertainties of statistical calculation, a spatial representation indicating distribution and occurrence frequency the direction from which the wind comes, appears a very primordial step. Over the whole valid data during the study period, the compass shows that there is no dominant direction marked. However, we can identify a preferred wind direction. The statistical results correspond to the analysis of the rose compass.
文摘The obviously ever increasing number of corporate acquisitions in recent decades has improved the general knowledge and awareness of due diligence for both the industry and research. In the current challenging business environment, acquisitions face a higher degree of risk profiles, especially cross-border acquisitions in the emerging markets. Conducting a thorough due diligence investigation in the context of an acquisition is more important now than ever. In a broad analysis, this paper researches the key risk factors in the acquisition process and their assessment within a due diligence audit in the acquisition phase. The task of this paper is to match the academic and practical view in order to give a more complete understanding of risk factors to be covered in due diligence audit. The starting point is the research of academic findings which basically concentrate on common approaches considering financial, legal, commercial, and some other issues in domestic acquisitions and in developed countries. In contrast, this paper considers risk factors in cross-border and emerging markets transactions. In addition, a number of business consultants publish studies based on surveys on this topic which reflect typical risk factors based on experience of their customers being involved in cross-border acquisitions. Their risk assessment consists of specific regulatory, political, and other factors, which may lead to commercial and reputational impediments in cross-border acquisitions. The outcome of the comparison is a comprehended list of evaluated risk factors, whereby the academic findings are complemented and supported by the practical experience in the business consultant＇s studies. Moreover, the practical approach points to the fact that due diligence scope needs to be suited to the dynamics of the markets. The comparison and the comprehended list of evaluated risk factors call for a more integrated system of due diligence and show herein the research deficit. Hence, the novelty is the compendium of evaluated risk factors which should be assessed in the pre-acquisition phase. The originality of the paper is given by a unique analysis of academic work about acquisition due diligence literature and consultant studies from anonymized practical experience based on insider information.
文摘Urban waste management and particularly dumpsites represents one of the most significant problems tot the long term protection of public health and environment in Albania. All waste management options, including landfilling, involve an element of risk to human health. This article addresses the question, if sources of emissions from Sharra landfill lead theoretically to public exposures exceeding health criteria？ This question is approached using an exposure pathway analysis framework, which link a source of one or more harmful pollutants at a site with a human receptor that inhales the pollutant. The risk posed to human health from HCHO （formaldehyde） and dioxin is estimated for on-site and off-site receptors in Sharra landfill. For on-site receptors, the average risk to get harm through the inhalation pathway from HCHO is in the range of 20 times to 300 times greater than allowed risk value, while for off-site receptors the average risk is in the range of 10 times to 180 times greater. While for dioxin the risk is in the range from 50 to 600 for on-site receptors and 10 to 35 for off-site receptors, times greater than often allowed risk.
文摘Decarbonization of electricity industry for the goal of sustainability success has resulted in large investment in alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, biomass. Although these energy resources are sustainable and have the potential of reducing the world carbon foot print, there are costs associated with its utilization. In recent time, electricity from alternative energy sources like wind and solar are not cost competitive with electricity from the conventional power plant. This paper is aimed at investigating the optimum investment in a typical wind farm project using a TSA （time series analysis） alongside simple economic tool, AAP （annual annuity payment） model. This study involves a year round analysis of （8,760h） at different wind farm capacity connected to a 132/33kV DS （distribution system）. It also focused on digressing from the technical and environmental benefits to financial assessment of increasing wind generation capacity in the DS. Indeed, this development presents a risk of investment to the stakeholders which necessitates proper scrutiny and to ensure profitability of the venture. The level of capital cost along with operation and maintenance （OM） costs are either financed by private or public sectors on wind farm with the sole aim of achieving the ROI （return-on-investment）. The results obtained from this study shows the possible ROI is not proportional to the wind capacity invested. Also, a sensitivity analysis conducted revealed the profit derived from wind farm is more responsive to the investment/capital cost and the price at which the electricity is being sold.
文摘Due to possible health effects of electric and magnetic fields, a directive on minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields has been disposed by European Parliament and Council regarding the exposure of workers to electromagnetic fields. This legislation will be nationally implemented in 2012.The aim of this work was to develop a electromagnetic field exposure measurement method and further a magnetic field hazard evaluation method for exposure of workers in indoor medium to low voltage （MV/LV） distribution substations. Magnetic field exposure was also reflected with BS 8800 general risk classification procedure to accomplish specifications to execute magnetic field measurements and carry our risk assessment procedure for working tasks. The risk assessment procedure is based on magnetic field exposure measurements and dosimetric FEM calculations founded on EU Directive 2004/40/EC. According to field measurements action values were exceeded in several working tasks but limit values were not exceeded.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China("973"Project)(Grant No.2013CB228204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51407126)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.15JCQNJC07000)
文摘An analytical approach for probabilistic evaluation of transient stability of a power system incorporating a wind farm is presented in this study. Based on the fact that the boundary of practical dynamic security region(PDSR) of a power system with double fed induction generators(DFIG) can be approximated by one or few hyper-planes in nodal power injection space, transient stability criterion for given configurations of pre-fault, fault-on and post-fault of a power system is to be expressed by certain expressions of linear combination of nodal injection vector and the transient stability probability(TSP) is further obtained with a much more simplified expression than the complex integral. Furthermore, considering uncertainties of nodal injection power including wind power and load, TSP is calculated analytically by Cornish-Fisher expansion, which can provide reliable evaluation results with high accuracy and much less computing time compared with Monte Carlo simulation. TSP and its visualization can further help operators and planners be aware of the degree of stability or instability and find critical components to monitor and reinforce. Test results on the New England 10-generators and 39-buses power system show the method's effectiveness and significance for probabilistic security assessment.
