“大湾区”背景下广州都市乡村振兴转型发展策略——基于全域风景化视角

“大湾区”作为高度城市化区域的高级发展阶段,城乡要素在高位交互协同,与之对应的都市乡村振兴发展机遇空前。通过对比世界级湾区乡村风景发展模式,梳理广州乡村人文和田园景观风貌要素,从大湾区背景提出广州都市乡村“全域风景化”的转型振兴发展策略,即从宏观提出全域发展导向转型、从中观提出全域空间实现手段转型和从微观提出全域风景营造转型的三大策略。该策略构建了广州全域风景化的乡村一体图景,为大湾区都市风景化转型发展提供了新路径。

古代惠州西湖风景教化载体的类型特征

古代惠州西湖风景是当地民众人居环境的重要组成部分,教化民众是其基本功能之一。通过综合风景与教化已有研究成果,指出古代风景教化研究中风景园林史与社会史交叉研究的内在理论关联和风景作为教化载体的类型特征是实现风景教化基本的研究问题。借鉴社会史研究的学术视野和理论方法,将惠州西湖风景教化载体划分为“自然开发对象”“社会仪式场所”和“艺术传播媒介”三种基本类型,并以当地民众为主体视角,提炼和阐释西湖风景教化载体生存主导、政教融合以及形式综合的基本特征。有助于揭示古代风景与民众生存生活的关系,理解风景教化功能的基础,为现代风景名胜的文化传播和培育发展提供一定的历史经验。

风景室内化的建筑空间——英国“如画式”园林与早期现代建筑空间的联系

英格兰"如画式"园林空间对现代建筑空间有着深远的影响。其蜿蜒的道路体系、与周围环境的交相呼应以及对整体景观效果的表达,都与现代建筑有着千丝万缕的联系。通过对密斯、柯布西耶等建筑大师思想、作品的剖析,阐述了这种"如画式"传统与早期现代建筑间的联系。建筑可以由内及外对室内空间进行重新排列组合,并且室外空间序列可以逐渐延伸到建筑平面和室内设计中。同时也为理解现代建筑空间的丰富内涵提供了重要的理论支持,为"风景室内化"趋势提供了丰富的案例依据。

薇拉·凯瑟和杰克·伦敦作品中的性别与风景

美国文化中存在着将风景女性化的传统。男性是风景的凝视者,风景被女性化。20世纪初至30年代,在美国社会从荒野到文明、从前现代到现代化的历史转型期,薇拉·凯瑟和杰克·伦敦大胆挑战美国传统风景观。凯瑟的女主人公是内布拉斯加草原精神的象征,女性与风景相互融合、相互成就。伦敦的后期作品塑造自立自强的女性,提倡平等的两性关系和人地关系。两位作家的风景叙事都具有国家意义,呈现鲜明的美国地域特征和美学特征,他们共同的理想化风景观是人与去性别化风景和睦共处。

风景园林建设中低碳理念的实践途径

阐述建设低碳环保风景园林的意义,分析风景园林建设中节能技术的应用,探讨低碳理念的实际应用,为相关工程提供参考。

基于水利堤防的城市公共园林营造实践研究——从杭州苏堤到雄安生态堤

水利与风景园林都是用于协调人与自然(水体)、城与自然(水体)关系的工程学科,很多历史上著名的公共园林乃至世界文化遗产都是从水利工程发展而来的。通过研究杭州苏堤的建设发展历程与雄安新区环起步区生态堤的规划设计实践来探讨水利与风景园林结合的意义和特征,以及风景园林在此类工程中的重要作用,以期为相关的规划建设提供借鉴与参考。

当代文学的新疆体验书写

当代作家的新疆体验书写在中国当代文学中占据较为重要的位置。闻捷、碧野、郭小川等人的新疆体验书写主要是对民族国家共同体的想象性认同和对边疆风情的风景化展示。王蒙等人的新疆体验书写重在发掘支撑民间社会的生命温情,新边塞诗派、新疆军旅小说则彰显新疆大地的生命雄风和开拓精神,建构新时代的精神高地,他们共同为国家重启现代性工程寻找边疆的精神资源。张承志开创了当代作家的新疆体验书写的内在化、主体化之路,由此,追寻新疆大地的诗意和神性成为周涛、红柯、刘亮程等后来者的普遍取向。整体看来,当代作家的新疆体验书写存在这样的历史与逻辑脉络:从对国家主流意识形态的积极迎合到对其有限疏离,从对现代性的无比憧憬到对其适度拒斥,从对新疆的风景化观照到对其内在主体性的发现。这种书写最大的文化建设意义,就在于为当代文学乃至当代中国社会输送了迥异于内地以汉族文化为中心的异质文化经验。

乡村振兴战略下花园村规划策略研究

陕南山地乡村由于生态人文资源开发较少,自身发展动力不足,是乡村振兴战略下急需规划引导的重点地区。文章以该地区典型乡村——花园村为例,指出花园村发展存在的问题,并针对现存问题提出产业发展策略和乡村风景化策略,以期为陕南山地乡村建设提供借鉴。

ANALYSIS ON SPATIAL DIFFERENCE OF LAND USECHANGE BASED ON PHYSICAL AND CULTURALLANDSCAPE ATTRIBUTES──A Case Study at Mongolian AutonomousCounty of Qian Gorlos, Jilin Province

Land use changes are regarded as landscape pattern change driven by many interactive natural and social-economic factors. Different combination of physical geographical elements induced the difference of spatio-temporal pattern of land use change. There are four physical geographical regions in Mongolian Autonomou County of Qian Gorlos of Jilin Province. Based on spatial analysis and statistical analysis, we conclude that the primary pattern of land use and the tendency of land use changes are all different in four physical geographical regions. During 1987 – 1996, the dominant land use change processes were from grassland or forest to arableland, from unused land to paddy and grassland to unused land. Though land use change is mainly affected by social and economic condition in short period, the composite characters of physical geographical elements controls land use dynamic process. The relationship between land use dynamic process and the character of physical geographical units differ in different regions. Possible human impacts on land use change are explored with application of buffer areas of series distance along main roads and radius around main settlements. A few models are built to describe the relationship between land use spatial change rates and distance to road and settlements. According to our result, the relationship with the proximity to roads was a negative liner function, with the change rate decreasing rapidly when moving away from roads. Within a distance of less 7.5km from main traffic lines, land use changes occur red more. The bulk of grassland was apt to be opened up for cultivation around the settlements and the transformation from dryland to paddy occurred within the distance of 1km away from settlements.

Geochemistry of sedimentary rocks from Permian–Triassic boundary sections of Tethys Himalaya: implications for paleo-weathering, provenance, and tectonic setting

The geochemical characteristics of two sections—the Permian–Triassic boundary(PTB) Guryul Ravine section, Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir,India; and the Attargoo section, Spiti Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India—have been studied in the context of provenance, paleo-weathering, and plate tectonic setting.These sections represent the siliciclastic sedimentary sequence from the Tethys Himalaya. The PTB siliciclastic sedimentary sequence in these regions primarily consists of sandstones and shales with variable thickness. Present studied sandstones and shales of both sections had chemical index of alteration values between 65 and 74; such values reveal low-to-moderate degree of chemical weathering. The chemical index of weathering in studied samples ranged from 71 to 94, suggesting a minor K-metasomatism effect on these samples. Plagioclase index of alteration in studied sections ranged from 68 to 92, indicating a moderate degree of weathering of plagioclase feldspars. The provenance discriminant function diagram suggests that the detritus involved in the formation of present studied siliciclastic sedimentary rocks fall in quartzose sedimentary and felsic igneous provenances. These sediments were deposited in a passive continental margin plate tectonic setting according to their location on a Si_2 O versus K_2O/Na_2 O tectonic setting diagram.

Design and Construction of a Forest Village in Greece

The aim of this paper is the study for the construction of a forest village in the area of Souvardo in Kalavrita in the prefecture of Achaia. This paper presents the history and purpose of forest villages, as well as the laws that govern them. The methodology of the paper is analyzed and the particular characteristics of the study area are examined with the accompaniment of the general characteristics related to the formation of the space. Further, aerial photographs are listed with the help of Google Earth program, giving emphasis to the general plan of the study area. The reception building and the host installation of the forest village are described, as well as the building and topographic plans are designed with the use of AutoCAD and Photoshop programs. Furthermore, the cost of the development project is analyzed. Finally, the conclusions of the study and recommendations to the visitor of the area about sights, natural landscapes and archaeological sites axe given. Criteria for intervention and promotion of tourism and proposals for tourism development in the area, such as ideas for the development of cultural tourism and ecotourism in the region, are suggested.

The use of in-situ cosmogenic ^(21)Ne in studies on long-term landscape development

Cosmogenic Ne isotopes are stable and are routinely used for constraining the timing of events and the rate of surface change beyond the limit that can be studied with radionuclides ^10Be, ^26Al, and ^36Cl. Cosmogenic Ne analysis can be used in quartz and in a range of other minerals. Analysis typically requires significantly less material than do cosmogenic ^10Be and ^26Al, opening up the technique for small samples--individual pebbles in fiver sediments, for example. Analysis is easier and faster than for radionuclides, not least because Ne measurements do not require significant chemical procedures. However, the presence of other sources of Ne in minerals tends to restrict the use of cosmogenic ^21Ne to old landscapes and long exposure durations. In this review we briefly outline the background of cosmogenic Ne production in rocks and minerals at the Earth＇s surface, then document the key uses of the technique by highlighting some earlier studies, and finish with a short perspective on the future of the technique.

Hypsometric properties of mountain landscape of Hunza River Basin of the Karakoram Himalaya

Within Karakoram Himalaya, Hunza River Basin(study area) is unique for a number of reasons: 1) potential impacts of highly concentrated highpitched mountains and glacial ice; 2) the glaciated portions have higher mean altitude as compared to other glaciated landscapes in the Karakoram; 3) this basin occupies varieties of both clean and debriscovered glaciers and/or ice. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the stability of topographic surface and potential implications of fluctuating glacial-ice causing variations in the movement of material from higher to lower elevations. This paper advocates landscape-level hypsometric investigations of glaciated landscape lies between 2280–7850 m elevation above sea level and non-glaciated landscape between 1461–7570 m. An attempt is made to understand intermediate elevations, which disguise the characteristics of glaciated hypsometries that are highly correlated with the Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA). However, due to data scarcity for high altitude regions especially above 5000 m elevation, literature values for climatic conditions are used to create a relationship between hypsometry and variations in climate and ELA. The largest glaciated area(29.22%) between 5047 to 5555 m lies in the vertical regime of direct snow-accumulation zone and in the horizontal regime of net-accumulation zone(low velocity, net freezing, and no-sliding). In both landscapes, the hypsometric curves are ‘slow beginning' followed by ‘steep progress' and finally reaching a ‘plateau', reflecting the rapid altitudinal changes and the dominance of fluvial transport resulting in the denudation of land-dwelling and the transport of rock/debris from higher to lower altitudes. Reported slight differences in the average normalized bin altitudes against the cumulative normalized area between glaciated and non-glaciated landscapes are an indicator of slightly different land-forms and landform changes.

An enhanced landscape aggregation index

The aggregation index (AI) is a classical ecology calculation method, which has been widely used for measuring the aggregation level of spatial patterns within a landscape scale in landscape ecological studies. However, it has certain limitions. For instance, identical results can be obtained by AI even when the shape and number of landscape patches are totally different in two landscape units. Furthermore, the value of AI approaches to 1 if the landscape patch is large enough. To solve these problems, a logical limitation of the original AI equation was revised firstly. Secondly, an improved AI-J was developed based on the awareness of the effects of spatial distribution characteristics of patches and changing spatial scale on AI operation. Finally, the accuracy of AI and AI-J results were evaluated through a case study of city green patches in Chengdu, P. R. China. The results show that the calculated result of AI-J is more precise than that of AI and AI-J can be used to compare a certain landscape class under different spatial scales.

Comparison of the Spatial Design Idea between Geunjeongjeon of Seoul and Chongzheng Hall in Shenyang imperial palace

The construction of the palace carries with it the importance of a country＇s political power. It shows the highest degree of a country＇s culture and represents the significant of planning artistic style.The modes of landscape plan of both Geunjeongjeon of Seoul Gyeongbokgung,and Chongzheng Hall in Shenyang imperial palace is characterized with the unique national culture under its own construction background. This article is to find out the feature of the spatial construction and the deepen artistic by analyzing the Plan technique structure modelling design and eyesight design for sDatial of the two palaces.

Explaining the Rule of Translation Based on the Cross-cultural Thinking

The emphasis of translation is faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance, which is based on understanding of the two kinds of ethnic cultural background achieved. Language as a product of society, as the crystallization of human history and culture, which is the combination of all the characteristics of the entire nation＇s social consciousness, customs, history and culture of human society. In this paper, starting from the Central American countries of different cultural perspectives, pointed out that cultural issues should be noted that in the process of translation. In terms of history, geography, traditional thinking, cognitive systems, text analysis of the causes of the Sino-US cultural differences. Translation and culture has a secret, regardless of the contact. Cultural commonalities translation becomes possible, but the personality of their language and culture gave an obstacle translation activities. Due to differences in national history, social system, habits, there is a great difference between the Chinese Han culture and the American culture, this difference is caused by the different ways of thinking, embodied in both Chinese and English language performance including words understanding and the use of different meaning connotation of associative meaning, and sentence structure. For this reason, the analysis of the theoretical principles of sentences by reference to further explore and propose solutions on certain aspects is essential. And in today＇s globalized increasingly competitive situation, how to be more accurate English translation closer to the two languages, culture, and then discuss the worth of the majority of English learners.

怪诞风景:论安吉拉·卡特小说《新夏娃的激情》中身体与背景中的“卑贱”(英文)

在安吉拉卡特小说《新伊弗的激情》中,伊弗(林)回溯性的叙述将他(她)所体验的在各种场域之中投射于其身体的各类暴力实践以重构的姿态聚合在一起。身体和背景的平行建构是值得关注的,因为在小说中性属的双重性和背景建构的方式被双双作为怪异和"卑贱"(克里斯蒂娃语)加以突出。本文旨在通过聚焦于伊弗(林)的怪异和"卑贱"身份与背景困惑的相似性来对两者进行分析,强调空间运用与作品中值得关注的性属概念的不可分性。本文还认为,小说在身体风景和背景风景中制造相似的模糊性,含蓄地强调乌托邦式的非技术化风景与宁静生活追求,同时质疑针对有关性别化身体,特别是主体性,的本质主义主张所采取的固定的神话般的非理性阐释,卡特借此为绝对场域提出了选择方案。

Spatial variations of terrain and their impacts on landscape patterns in the transition zone from mountains to plains—A case study of Qihe River Basin in the Taihang Mountains

Terrain plays a key role in landscape pattern formation, particularly in the transition zones from mountains to plains.Exploring the relationships between terrain characteristics and landscape types in terrain-complex areas can help reveal the mechanisms underlying the relationships. In this study, Qihe River Basin, situated in the transition zone from the Taihang Mountains to the North-China Plain, was selected as a case study area. First, the spatial variations in the relief amplitudes(i.e.,high-amplitude terrain undulations) were analyzed. Second, the effects of relief amplitudes on the landscape patterns were indepth investigated from the perspectives of both landscape types and landscape indices. Finally, a logistic regression model was employed to examine the relationships between the landscape patterns and the influencing factors(natural and human) at different relief amplitudes. The results show that with increasing relief amplitude, anthropogenic landscapes gradually give in to natral landscapes. Specifically, human factors normally dominate the gentle areas(e.g., flat areas) in influencing the distribution of landscape types, and natural factors normally dominate the highly-undulating areas(e.g., moderate relief areas). As for the intermediately undulating areas(i.e.,medium relief amplitudes), a combined influence of natural and human factors result in the highest varieties of landscape types. The results also show that in micro-relief areas and small relief areas where natural factors and human factors are more or less equally active,landscape types are affected by a combination of natural and human factors.The combination leads to a high fragmentation and a high diversity of landscape patterns. It seems that appropriate human interferences in these areas can be conducive to enhancing landscape diversity and that inappropriate human interferences can aggravate the problems of landscape fragmentation.