利用自主构建的基于风暴尺度的WRF-EnSRF(weather research and forecasting ensemble square root filter)系统同化实际多普勒雷达资料,检验该同化系统在包括飑线、超级单体风暴和多单体风暴3个不同结构类型的强对流天气过程的同化效果...利用自主构建的基于风暴尺度的WRF-EnSRF(weather research and forecasting ensemble square root filter)系统同化实际多普勒雷达资料,检验该同化系统在包括飑线、超级单体风暴和多单体风暴3个不同结构类型的强对流天气过程的同化效果,并考察了初始场扰动时不同强度的位温和水汽扰动对集合离散度以及同化效果的影响。结果表明,在3个个例中该同化系统均表现出有效的同化能力,各分析结果均比较合理,径向速度和反射率因子分析的增量均方差在经过24min同化后分别下降到3～5m/s和10dBz,并维持至60min同化结束。预报场集合离散度和同化效果对热力场的扰动强度比较敏感,适当增加初始扰动时位温和水汽的扰动强度有利于提高集合离散度和改善径向速度的分析效果。展开更多
Using T106 numerical products, MM5 simulations in conjunction of Q-vector scheme-computed NCEP results, observations and satellite cloud images, study is undertaken for an exceptionally intense rainstorm event afflict...Using T106 numerical products, MM5 simulations in conjunction of Q-vector scheme-computed NCEP results, observations and satellite cloud images, study is undertaken for an exceptionally intense rainstorm event afflicting the Wenzhou region of Zhejiang province far away from the tropical storm center happening early on the morning of September 4, 1999 （TS9909 hereinafter）. Evidence suggests that, like previously-studied typhoons landing in autumn south of Xiamen to the eastern part of Guangdong, TS9909 has an inverted trough in the central south of the coastal belt of Zhejiang province that produces the rainstorm from the meso convective complex （MCC） on the warm, moist shear inside; the time and order of the magnitude of the rainfall are bound up with the development of the pattern of strong Q-vector divergence gradients during the event for the study area; the NE - SW coastline and the unique topography of the Yandang mountains inside the region are favorable for air lifting are the major contributors to the torrential rains.展开更多
With PSU/NCAR nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, the rainfall process of tropical storm Fitow(0114) is simulated for 00:00 UTC 31 Aug. – 00:00 UTC 2 Sept. 2001. Mesoscale separation is performed on the results with ...With PSU/NCAR nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, the rainfall process of tropical storm Fitow(0114) is simulated for 00:00 UTC 31 Aug. – 00:00 UTC 2 Sept. 2001. Mesoscale separation is performed on the results with the filtering scheme. Analyses show that the MM5 model well reproduced the position and intensity of heavy rain. Mesoscale characteristics of heavy rain were well represented in rainfall time scale, rainfall area, stream field and divergence at lower and upper levels. The interaction between inverted typhoon troughs and the mesoscale systems lead to heavy rain occurrence. The distribution of divergence fields at lower and upper levels can have a kind of indication for the rainfall. Heavy rains are closely associated with topography and land-sea distribution in South China. Weak instability is favorable to the generation of heavy rain.展开更多
In this paper, time and space distribution regularity of meso-scale heavy rains in five selected typhoons which landed at Fujian from 1996 to 1998 has been analyzed. Besides, with hourly digitized satellite infrared i...In this paper, time and space distribution regularity of meso-scale heavy rains in five selected typhoons which landed at Fujian from 1996 to 1998 has been analyzed. Besides, with hourly digitized satellite infrared imagery, the features of the mesoscale are revealed for the genesis and evolution of mesoscale convective systems in typhoons. It indicates that the intensity of mesoscale storms is closely connected with the temperature and the area of the coldest cloud cluster. The heavy rainfall usually emerges on the eastern side of the mesoscale convective cloud clusters, where the cloud mass is developing and with a dense gradient and big curvature of isoline of the cloud top temperature.展开更多
文摘利用自主构建的基于风暴尺度的WRF-EnSRF(weather research and forecasting ensemble square root filter)系统同化实际多普勒雷达资料,检验该同化系统在包括飑线、超级单体风暴和多单体风暴3个不同结构类型的强对流天气过程的同化效果,并考察了初始场扰动时不同强度的位温和水汽扰动对集合离散度以及同化效果的影响。结果表明,在3个个例中该同化系统均表现出有效的同化能力,各分析结果均比较合理,径向速度和反射率因子分析的增量均方差在经过24min同化后分别下降到3～5m/s和10dBz,并维持至60min同化结束。预报场集合离散度和同化效果对热力场的扰动强度比较敏感,适当增加初始扰动时位温和水汽的扰动强度有利于提高集合离散度和改善径向速度的分析效果。
基金sponsored jointly by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 4040950009402050084)the Project of Planned National Key Basic Research/Development (2004CB418301)
文摘Using T106 numerical products, MM5 simulations in conjunction of Q-vector scheme-computed NCEP results, observations and satellite cloud images, study is undertaken for an exceptionally intense rainstorm event afflicting the Wenzhou region of Zhejiang province far away from the tropical storm center happening early on the morning of September 4, 1999 （TS9909 hereinafter）. Evidence suggests that, like previously-studied typhoons landing in autumn south of Xiamen to the eastern part of Guangdong, TS9909 has an inverted trough in the central south of the coastal belt of Zhejiang province that produces the rainstorm from the meso convective complex （MCC） on the warm, moist shear inside; the time and order of the magnitude of the rainfall are bound up with the development of the pattern of strong Q-vector divergence gradients during the event for the study area; the NE - SW coastline and the unique topography of the Yandang mountains inside the region are favorable for air lifting are the major contributors to the torrential rains.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40375036) the Base Condition Flat Roof Item of the Ministry of Science and Technology (No.2003DIB4J145)
文摘With PSU/NCAR nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, the rainfall process of tropical storm Fitow(0114) is simulated for 00:00 UTC 31 Aug. – 00:00 UTC 2 Sept. 2001. Mesoscale separation is performed on the results with the filtering scheme. Analyses show that the MM5 model well reproduced the position and intensity of heavy rain. Mesoscale characteristics of heavy rain were well represented in rainfall time scale, rainfall area, stream field and divergence at lower and upper levels. The interaction between inverted typhoon troughs and the mesoscale systems lead to heavy rain occurrence. The distribution of divergence fields at lower and upper levels can have a kind of indication for the rainfall. Heavy rains are closely associated with topography and land-sea distribution in South China. Weak instability is favorable to the generation of heavy rain.
文摘In this paper, time and space distribution regularity of meso-scale heavy rains in five selected typhoons which landed at Fujian from 1996 to 1998 has been analyzed. Besides, with hourly digitized satellite infrared imagery, the features of the mesoscale are revealed for the genesis and evolution of mesoscale convective systems in typhoons. It indicates that the intensity of mesoscale storms is closely connected with the temperature and the area of the coldest cloud cluster. The heavy rainfall usually emerges on the eastern side of the mesoscale convective cloud clusters, where the cloud mass is developing and with a dense gradient and big curvature of isoline of the cloud top temperature.
