目的观察玉屏风散对肺气虚模型大鼠Janus激酶1/信号转导及转录活化因子3(janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,JAK1/STAT3)信号通路及其上下游炎性因子的影响,探讨玉屏风散改善肺气虚证的作用机制。方...目的观察玉屏风散对肺气虚模型大鼠Janus激酶1/信号转导及转录活化因子3(janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,JAK1/STAT3)信号通路及其上下游炎性因子的影响,探讨玉屏风散改善肺气虚证的作用机制。方法60只Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,玉屏风散高、中、低剂量组,阳性对照组,每组10只。除空白组外,其余各组大鼠均采用烟熏加脂多糖气管滴入方法建立肺气虚模型,造模开始灌胃给药,玉屏风散高、中、低剂量组分别予玉屏风散汤液[浓度分别为24、12、6 g/(kg·d)],阳性对照组予地塞米松[0.2 mg/(kg/d)],空白组、模型组给予等体积0.9%生理盐水,连续给药30 d。观察治疗前后各组大鼠症状和体征,肺组织形态学,血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)含量和肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、磷酸化信号转导及转录活化因子3(phosphorylation signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,p-STAT3)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloprotein-9,MMP-9)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1,TIMP1)蛋白水平的变化。结果与空白组比较,模型组大鼠症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态严重,血清细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8显著升高(P<0.01);模型组肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值(Integrated Optical Density,IOD)(P<0.01)和蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01)。药物治疗后,与模型组比较,玉屏风高剂量组和阳性对照组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态明显减轻,血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8明显降低(P<0.01),肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值(P<0.01或P<0.05)和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);玉屏风中剂量组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态减轻,血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值明显降低(P<0.01),STAT3、MMP-9蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);玉屏风低剂量组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态有所减轻,肺组织中STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),STAT3、MMP-9蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达升高(P<0.01)。总体上玉屏风散高剂量组疗效优于玉屏风散中剂量组和玉屏风散低剂量组,并与阳性对照组疗效持平。结论玉屏风散通过降低TNF-α、IL-6水平来调控JAK1/STAT3的信号转导,从而减少IL-8的产生,纠正MMP-9/TIMP-1平衡状态,达到抑制气道炎症反应和气道重塑的目的,从而改善肺气虚证的症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态。展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to establish a method for determining the content of Astragaloside IV in Yupingfeng oral solution.[Method] The HPLC-ELSD method was adopted.The chromatographic column was Venusil MP（4.6 m...[Objective] This study aimed to establish a method for determining the content of Astragaloside IV in Yupingfeng oral solution.[Method] The HPLC-ELSD method was adopted.The chromatographic column was Venusil MP（4.6 mm × 150 mm,5 μm）.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water（35∶65）.The ELSD evaporator tube temperature was 65 ℃.N2 was used as the carrier gas（pressure,30 psi）.[Result] When the content of Astragaloside IV ranged from 0.5 to 5.0 μg,the Astragaloside IV content showed a good linear relationship with peak area（r=0.999,n=6）.The average recovery was 96.36%,and the RSD was 2.46%.[Conclusion] This method is accurate and reliable,and can be applied in the quality control of Yupingfeng oral solution.展开更多
The East Asian monsoon has a tremendous impact on agricultural production in China. An assessment of the risk of drought disaster in maize-producing regions is therefore important in ensuring a reduction in such disas...The East Asian monsoon has a tremendous impact on agricultural production in China. An assessment of the risk of drought disaster in maize-producing regions is therefore important in ensuring a reduction in such disasters and an increase in food security. A risk assessment model, EPIC（Environmental Policy Integrated Climate） model, for maize drought disasters based on the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator crop model is proposed for areas with the topographic characteristics of the mountainous karst region in southwest China. This region has one of the highest levels of environmental degradation in China. The results showed that the hazard risk level for the maize zone of southwest China is generally high. Most hazard index values were between 0.4 and 0.5,accounting for 47.32% of total study area. However,the risk level for drought loss was low. Most of the loss rate was ＆lt;0.1, accounting for 96.24% of the total study area. The three high-risk areas were mainlydistributed in the parallel ridge–valley areas in the east of Sichuan Province, the West Mountain area of Guizhou Province, and the south of Yunnan Province.These results provide a scientific basis and support for the reduction of agricultural drought disasters and an increase in food security in the southwest China maize zone.展开更多
文摘目的观察玉屏风散对肺气虚模型大鼠Janus激酶1/信号转导及转录活化因子3(janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,JAK1/STAT3)信号通路及其上下游炎性因子的影响,探讨玉屏风散改善肺气虚证的作用机制。方法60只Sprague Dawley(SD)大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,玉屏风散高、中、低剂量组,阳性对照组,每组10只。除空白组外,其余各组大鼠均采用烟熏加脂多糖气管滴入方法建立肺气虚模型,造模开始灌胃给药,玉屏风散高、中、低剂量组分别予玉屏风散汤液[浓度分别为24、12、6 g/(kg·d)],阳性对照组予地塞米松[0.2 mg/(kg/d)],空白组、模型组给予等体积0.9%生理盐水,连续给药30 d。观察治疗前后各组大鼠症状和体征,肺组织形态学,血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)含量和肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、磷酸化信号转导及转录活化因子3(phosphorylation signal transducer and activator of transcription 3,p-STAT3)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloprotein-9,MMP-9)、组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1,TIMP1)蛋白水平的变化。结果与空白组比较,模型组大鼠症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态严重,血清细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8显著升高(P<0.01);模型组肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值(Integrated Optical Density,IOD)(P<0.01)和蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01)。药物治疗后,与模型组比较,玉屏风高剂量组和阳性对照组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态明显减轻,血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8明显降低(P<0.01),肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值(P<0.01或P<0.05)和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);玉屏风中剂量组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态减轻,血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),肺组织中JAK1、STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值明显降低(P<0.01),STAT3、MMP-9蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);玉屏风低剂量组症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态有所减轻,肺组织中STAT3、p-STAT3、MMP-9平均光密度值降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),STAT3、MMP-9蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),TIMP1平均光密度值(P<0.01)和蛋白表达升高(P<0.01)。总体上玉屏风散高剂量组疗效优于玉屏风散中剂量组和玉屏风散低剂量组,并与阳性对照组疗效持平。结论玉屏风散通过降低TNF-α、IL-6水平来调控JAK1/STAT3的信号转导,从而减少IL-8的产生,纠正MMP-9/TIMP-1平衡状态,达到抑制气道炎症反应和气道重塑的目的,从而改善肺气虚证的症状、体征和肺组织损伤状态。
基金Supported by General Program of Science and Technology Plan of Beijing Municipal Commission of Educational(KM201410020007)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to establish a method for determining the content of Astragaloside IV in Yupingfeng oral solution.[Method] The HPLC-ELSD method was adopted.The chromatographic column was Venusil MP（4.6 mm × 150 mm,5 μm）.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water（35∶65）.The ELSD evaporator tube temperature was 65 ℃.N2 was used as the carrier gas（pressure,30 psi）.[Result] When the content of Astragaloside IV ranged from 0.5 to 5.0 μg,the Astragaloside IV content showed a good linear relationship with peak area（r=0.999,n=6）.The average recovery was 96.36%,and the RSD was 2.46%.[Conclusion] This method is accurate and reliable,and can be applied in the quality control of Yupingfeng oral solution.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41301593 and 41471428)the Arid Meteorology Science Foundation, CMA (IAM201407)the State Key Development Program for BasicResearch of China (Grant No. 2012CB955402)
文摘The East Asian monsoon has a tremendous impact on agricultural production in China. An assessment of the risk of drought disaster in maize-producing regions is therefore important in ensuring a reduction in such disasters and an increase in food security. A risk assessment model, EPIC（Environmental Policy Integrated Climate） model, for maize drought disasters based on the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator crop model is proposed for areas with the topographic characteristics of the mountainous karst region in southwest China. This region has one of the highest levels of environmental degradation in China. The results showed that the hazard risk level for the maize zone of southwest China is generally high. Most hazard index values were between 0.4 and 0.5,accounting for 47.32% of total study area. However,the risk level for drought loss was low. Most of the loss rate was ＆lt;0.1, accounting for 96.24% of the total study area. The three high-risk areas were mainlydistributed in the parallel ridge–valley areas in the east of Sichuan Province, the West Mountain area of Guizhou Province, and the south of Yunnan Province.These results provide a scientific basis and support for the reduction of agricultural drought disasters and an increase in food security in the southwest China maize zone.
