不同用途树叶片主要物质含量的研究

[目的]采用不同的方法,对可食花、可食果、可观花3类不同用途的8种树叶片进行了研究。[方法]测定了抗逆性、糖类、营养物质3个方面9个指标。[结果]可食果树叶片黄酮含量高,可食花树叶片VC含量高。可食花、果树叶片中糖类含量在叶脉和叶中部多,SOD和营养物质在叶肉中多。可观花树叶片黄酮、蛋白质含量在新叶中高,SOD、VC、叶绿素在叶肉中高,可溶性糖含量在叶脉中高,还原糖和总糖及可溶性固形物含量在老叶中高。[结论]参试的8种叶片中龙眼树叶片基部SOD最高,芒果树新叶中黄酮和叶中部还原糖含量最高,黄槐树叶肉中VC含量最高,紫荆花树叶脉中蛋白质和叶中部叶绿素含量最高,桂花树叶脉中可溶性糖和总糖含量均最高,水石榕老叶中可溶性固形物含量最高。

Edible Wild Fruit Highly Consumed during Food Shortage Period in Togo： State of Knowledge and Conservation Status

The aim of this work is to inventory Edible Wild Fruit Species （EWFS） highly consumed by local people during food shortage periods in Togo. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out in four ecological zones （I, II, III ＆ IV） involving a sample of 433 persons from 29 ethnic groups. Semi-structured interview, field observation, group discussions were used to collect data. Food shortage periods were defined using the agricultural calendar of main crops in three ecological zones （I, II, ＆ III）. One hundred and one EWFS belonging to 84 genera and 39 families were inventoried. The three main types of use of the EWFS were direct consumption, condiments and medicines. Twenty among the 101 EWFS recorded were highly consumed during food shortage periods with respectively 15 EWFS in ecological I, 14 in zone 1I and 12 in ecological zone III. All edible fruits consumed during food shortage periods were fresh fruits with abundant pulp. Six fruit species were sold to bring income to local households. These species were those which benefit from conservation measures through their husbandry in agroforestry systems.