粮食主产区农村居民食物消费行为的计量分析

With the development of the rural economy in China,rural household’s consumption behavior in main grain producing area has being changed,which influence the adjustment of Agricultural industrial structure and agricultural industrial policy.In this article,we use Almost Ideal Demand System(AIDS) to estimate the elasticities of demand expenditure and price(own price elasticity and cross-price elasticity) and then to analyze food consumption behavior of rural household in main grain producing area.The results show that foods such as rice,wheat,pork,beef in main grain producing area have the positive elasticities of demand expenditure.According to the cross-price elasticity,the demand for eggs,mutton,beef and pork is more affected by the fluctuation of other food’s price,while the demand for the wheat,rice,maize and soybean is less affected by the fluctuation of other food’s price.Based on the results,some policy recommendations,such as increasing farmer’s income,expanding the animal food production,stabilize food’s price,are put forward correspondingly in the article.

影响消费者食物消费行为的因素

采访和观察是两个有效并高效的两种消费者行为研究方法。采访趋向于从消费者身上挖掘更深层的信息。观察则更趋向于提供第一手资料显示人们日常生活中的做法。实际上，为了得出影响食物消费因素，观察方法提供了更准确的最有效的数据，它将提供最直接的去除其它影响的信息。本文将运用两种方法研究影响消费者事务消费行为的因素。

北京市丰台区居民饮食行为现况

目的了解北京市丰台区居民饮食行为现况。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取560名丰台居民作为调查对象进行饮食行为问卷调查。调查问卷为《丰台居民饮食行为现况调查》,根据被调查者答题情况算出得分,判断是否达标。数据分析采用SPSS 21.0进行一般性统计描述。结果丰台居民饮食行为总体情况较好,467份有效问卷总达标人数284人,总达标率为60.81%,饮食习惯达标率为43.04%,食品消费行为达标率为77.73%,食品卫生行为达标率为41.13%。但部分居民有具体行为表现不佳,如食物多样达标率不足和食用隔夜饭菜率较高等。饮食习惯存在年龄差异,食物消费行为存在户籍差异和受教育水平差异。结论调查结果显示以往调查中发现的部分饮食行为问题仍然存在,需要公共卫生部门提高人群营养与食品卫生改善工作的内容针对性和人群针对性,切实提高工作效率,促使人们养成良好的饮食行为习惯,做好慢性病和食源性疾病的一级预防工作。