Over the past few years, evidence has accumulated indicating that apart from genetic alterations, epigenetic alterations, through e.g. aberrant promoter methylation, play a major role in the initiation and progression...Over the past few years, evidence has accumulated indicating that apart from genetic alterations, epigenetic alterations, through e.g. aberrant promoter methylation, play a major role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Even in the hereditary colon cancer syndromes, in which the susceptibility is inherited dominantly, cancer develops only as the result of the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Diet can both prevent and induce colon carcinogenesis, for instance, through epigenetic changes, which regulate the homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa. Food-derived compounds are constantly present in the intestine and may shift cellular balance toward harmful outcomes, such as increased susceptibility to mutations. There is strong evidence that a major component of cancer risk may involve epigenetic changes in normal cells that increase the probability of cancer after genetic mutation. The recognition of epigenetic changes as a driving force in colorectal neoplasia would open new areas of research in disease epidemiology, risk assessment, and treatment, especially in mutation carriers who already have an inherited predisposition to cancer.展开更多
Nutrition data for older adults is an area that has few studies mainly in Brazil. Due to the importance to know the behavior of this age group, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a frequency food questi...Nutrition data for older adults is an area that has few studies mainly in Brazil. Due to the importance to know the behavior of this age group, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a frequency food questionnaire （FFQ） for older people in Brazil. It was considered a sample of 73 subjects from the city of Avar6, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and it was applied three 24-hour recalls and a FFQ developed for adults. Data from the three 24-hour recalls were transformed in nutrient intake as well as the data from FFQ. Statistical analysis was performed in order to get correlations between data from the mean of three 24-hour recalls and FFQ for some nutrients. It was found high correlations among them, concluding that the FFQ is valid to get nutrient intakes for older people.展开更多
Most current commercially important hydrocolloids could be considered as dietary fibers.A great deal of research has focused on the bio-function of hydrocolloid materials resulting from their chemical structure,includ...Most current commercially important hydrocolloids could be considered as dietary fibers.A great deal of research has focused on the bio-function of hydrocolloid materials resulting from their chemical structure,including antioxidant properties,bacteriostatic capacity and cancer prevention.However,the colloidal properties of hydrocolloids in water-holding,high viscosity,gelling and indigestion,which are characterized by macromolecules,also contribute to the human health.Therefore,the nutritional value of hydrocolloids deriving from their colloid properties is defined as colloid nutriology.More specifically,hydrocolloids in this study refer to dietary fibers which are metabolically inert or fermented in the colon or large intestine.Based on this conception,this mini-review attempts to elaborate the nutritional value of hydrocolloids resulting from its colloidal properties.展开更多
基金Supported by Finnish Cancer Organisations,Biocentrum Helsinki,Finlandthe Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry,the Innovation in Food Programme of the National Technology Agency of Finland,and University of Helsinki,Finland
文摘Over the past few years, evidence has accumulated indicating that apart from genetic alterations, epigenetic alterations, through e.g. aberrant promoter methylation, play a major role in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Even in the hereditary colon cancer syndromes, in which the susceptibility is inherited dominantly, cancer develops only as the result of the progressive accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Diet can both prevent and induce colon carcinogenesis, for instance, through epigenetic changes, which regulate the homeostasis of the intestinal mucosa. Food-derived compounds are constantly present in the intestine and may shift cellular balance toward harmful outcomes, such as increased susceptibility to mutations. There is strong evidence that a major component of cancer risk may involve epigenetic changes in normal cells that increase the probability of cancer after genetic mutation. The recognition of epigenetic changes as a driving force in colorectal neoplasia would open new areas of research in disease epidemiology, risk assessment, and treatment, especially in mutation carriers who already have an inherited predisposition to cancer.
文摘Nutrition data for older adults is an area that has few studies mainly in Brazil. Due to the importance to know the behavior of this age group, the aim of this study was to develop and validate a frequency food questionnaire （FFQ） for older people in Brazil. It was considered a sample of 73 subjects from the city of Avar6, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and it was applied three 24-hour recalls and a FFQ developed for adults. Data from the three 24-hour recalls were transformed in nutrient intake as well as the data from FFQ. Statistical analysis was performed in order to get correlations between data from the mean of three 24-hour recalls and FFQ for some nutrients. It was found high correlations among them, concluding that the FFQ is valid to get nutrient intakes for older people.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31772015)
文摘Most current commercially important hydrocolloids could be considered as dietary fibers.A great deal of research has focused on the bio-function of hydrocolloid materials resulting from their chemical structure,including antioxidant properties,bacteriostatic capacity and cancer prevention.However,the colloidal properties of hydrocolloids in water-holding,high viscosity,gelling and indigestion,which are characterized by macromolecules,also contribute to the human health.Therefore,the nutritional value of hydrocolloids deriving from their colloid properties is defined as colloid nutriology.More specifically,hydrocolloids in this study refer to dietary fibers which are metabolically inert or fermented in the colon or large intestine.Based on this conception,this mini-review attempts to elaborate the nutritional value of hydrocolloids resulting from its colloidal properties.
