Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection and photodynamic therapy are exciting, minimally invasive curative techniques that represent an alternative to surgery in patients with Barrett’s esophagus and ...Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection and photodynamic therapy are exciting, minimally invasive curative techniques that represent an alternative to surgery in patients with Barrett’s esophagus and high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. However, there is lack of uniformity regarding which staging method should be used prior to therapy, and some investigators even question whether staging is required prior to ablation. We report our experience with a protocol of conventional endoscopic ultrasound staging prior to endoscopic therapy. Patients and Methods: A total of 25 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma in Barrett’s esophagus who had been referred to the University of Chicago for staging in preparation for endoscopic therapy between March 2002 and November 2004 were included in the study. All 25 patients underwent repeat diagnostic endoscopy and conventional endosonography with a radial echo endoscope. Any suspicious lymph nodes that were detected were sampled using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. Results: Baseline pathology in the 25 patients (mean age 70, range 49- 85) revealed high-grade dysplasia in 12 patients and intramucosal carcinoma in 13 patients. Five patients were found to have submucosal invasion on conventional endosonography. Seven patients had suspicious adenopathy, six regional (N1) and one metastatic to the celiac axis (M1a). Fine-needle aspiration confirmed malignancy in five of these seven patients. Based on these results, five patients (20% ) were deemed to be unsuitable candidates for endoscopic therapy. Conclusions: By detecting unsuspected malignant lymphadenopathy, conventional endosonography and endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration dramatically changed the course of management in 20% of patients referred for endoscopic therapy of Barrett’s esophagus with high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal carcinoma. Based on our results, we believe that conventional endosonography and endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration when nodal disease is present should be performed routinely in all patients referred for endoscopic therapy in this setting.展开更多
子宫内膜样腺癌是子宫内膜癌中最常见的类型,由子宫内膜癌前病变逐渐发展而来.如何从病理形态上对癌前病变给予恰当的定义或名称,一直困扰无数妇科病理学家和临床学家.多数学者倾向于将细胞的异型性改变作为评估恶变倾向的重要标志,WHO...子宫内膜样腺癌是子宫内膜癌中最常见的类型,由子宫内膜癌前病变逐渐发展而来.如何从病理形态上对癌前病变给予恰当的定义或名称,一直困扰无数妇科病理学家和临床学家.多数学者倾向于将细胞的异型性改变作为评估恶变倾向的重要标志,WHO国际妇科病理协会(International Society Gynecologic Pathology,ISGP)的Scully等以此作为子宫内膜增生分类的主要依据,认为不典型增生(Atypicalhyperplasia,AH)是子宫内膜腺癌的癌前病变[1～3];WHO(1994)将子宫内膜增生分为:单纯增生、复合增生、单纯不典型增生(癌前病变)、复合不典型增生(癌前病变)、腺癌.展开更多
文摘Background and Study Aims: Endoscopic mucosal resection and photodynamic therapy are exciting, minimally invasive curative techniques that represent an alternative to surgery in patients with Barrett’s esophagus and high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma. However, there is lack of uniformity regarding which staging method should be used prior to therapy, and some investigators even question whether staging is required prior to ablation. We report our experience with a protocol of conventional endoscopic ultrasound staging prior to endoscopic therapy. Patients and Methods: A total of 25 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal adenocarcinoma in Barrett’s esophagus who had been referred to the University of Chicago for staging in preparation for endoscopic therapy between March 2002 and November 2004 were included in the study. All 25 patients underwent repeat diagnostic endoscopy and conventional endosonography with a radial echo endoscope. Any suspicious lymph nodes that were detected were sampled using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. Results: Baseline pathology in the 25 patients (mean age 70, range 49- 85) revealed high-grade dysplasia in 12 patients and intramucosal carcinoma in 13 patients. Five patients were found to have submucosal invasion on conventional endosonography. Seven patients had suspicious adenopathy, six regional (N1) and one metastatic to the celiac axis (M1a). Fine-needle aspiration confirmed malignancy in five of these seven patients. Based on these results, five patients (20% ) were deemed to be unsuitable candidates for endoscopic therapy. Conclusions: By detecting unsuspected malignant lymphadenopathy, conventional endosonography and endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration dramatically changed the course of management in 20% of patients referred for endoscopic therapy of Barrett’s esophagus with high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal carcinoma. Based on our results, we believe that conventional endosonography and endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration when nodal disease is present should be performed routinely in all patients referred for endoscopic therapy in this setting.
文摘子宫内膜样腺癌是子宫内膜癌中最常见的类型,由子宫内膜癌前病变逐渐发展而来.如何从病理形态上对癌前病变给予恰当的定义或名称,一直困扰无数妇科病理学家和临床学家.多数学者倾向于将细胞的异型性改变作为评估恶变倾向的重要标志,WHO国际妇科病理协会(International Society Gynecologic Pathology,ISGP)的Scully等以此作为子宫内膜增生分类的主要依据,认为不典型增生(Atypicalhyperplasia,AH)是子宫内膜腺癌的癌前病变[1～3];WHO(1994)将子宫内膜增生分为:单纯增生、复合增生、单纯不典型增生(癌前病变)、复合不典型增生(癌前病变)、腺癌.
