无菌动物在饮食干涉肠道菌群研究中的应用

膳食干涉对肠道菌群与健康的影响已成为医学健康领域的研究热点,从发展来看,肠道菌群有可能会成为研究饮食方式、保健食品、中药制剂等对人体健康影响的重要靶标。然而,肠道菌群由于其复杂性,研究它和饮食干涉的关系对动物模型有高标准的要求,无菌动物体内外不携带任何活的微生物和寄生虫,在生物医学及人体疾病和健康等方面均有一定的应用和研究,是当前肠道菌群研究中应用最多的基础动物模型。采用无菌动物构建人源菌群动物是研究饮食、菌群与健康关系的常用方式。本文主要综述无菌动物构建人源菌群动物的研究应用及饮食干涉对肠道菌群的影响。

Carbohydrate malabsorption in patients with non-specific abdominal complaints

Non-specific abdominal complaints are a considerable problem worldwide. Many patients are affected and many differential diagnoses have to be considered. Among these, carbohydrate malabsorption seems to play an important role. However, so far, only incomplete absorption of lactose is broadly accepted, while the malabsorption of fructose and sorbitol is still underestimated, although in many parts of the world it is much more frequent. Despite the success of dietary interventions in many patients, there are still a lot of unanswered questions that make further investigations