转基因香石竹Moonlite品系特异性定性PCR检测方法的建立

以转基因香石竹品种Moonlite(月之伊人)为研究对象,通过TAIL-PCR方法,获得外源基因插入位点的左侧旁邻序列。根据旁邻序列设计引物,建立品系特异性定性PCR方法,其扩增片段覆盖了转化载体及香石竹基因组临界序列。本方法特异性好、灵敏度高,可快速、准确、高效地检测转基因香石竹Moonlite品种。

一种香石(玉)的矿物种属及香味成分与成因分析

针对产自我国某地的一种具有天然奶油巧克力香味的香石（玉），利用常规化学分析、红外光谱分析及X射线衍射分析方法，确定了此种香石（玉）的矿物归属，并用固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用分析技术分析香石（玉）的挥发性气体成份，结果表明：香石（玉）的化学成份w（B）／％为Si0249．02；MgO43．51；Al2O30．48；CaO2．01；Fe2O31．41；H2O^＋11．00。红外光谱具有蛇纹石红外光谱特征，X射线粉末数据亦与蛇纹石吻合，其矿物种属确定为蛇纹石。香石（玉）的挥发成份中有67种有机组分，经鉴定含有18种具有香味的有机化合物，香味成分约占挥发性成分总量的55％左右。蛇纹石是一种层状硅酸盐矿物，呈卷曲的园柱管状结构，这种特殊结构决定了它具有吸附能力，在地质构造运动产生的特殊温度、压力环境下，被吸附的有机物熟化使蛇纹石产生如奶油巧克力的特殊香味。

《香石诗话》刍评

清代诗坛，格调、神韵、性灵三大诗派各立门户，以诗论互相攻讦。三派的诗歌理论分别从表现形式、诗歌境界、抒情主体的不同角度探讨诗歌创作规律，主张各有偏颇。乾嘉诗人黄培芳则调和神韵、格调两派，同时吸纳性灵派主真情的观点，在儒家传统诗教的基础上，创立了自己的诗歌理论，这集中体现在《香石诗话》一书中。

《香石诗话》研究

《香石诗话》是清代被称为"粤东三子"之一的著名诗人、学者、画家、教育家黄培芳的论诗之作。该诗话主要评述了清初至乾隆、嘉庆年间上百位诗人及其诗作,对古代二十多位诗人及其诗作也有评述,同时还反映了一些广东地区的民俗风情,具有浓郁的岭南特色,很值得深入研究。文章通过深入的文本解读,搜集整理了《香石诗话》所采摭点评的清代广东诗家概况,特别是对清代香山地区的诗家进行了搜集整理,以窥清代香山诗坛概况。同时还通过归纳整理黄培芳随笔式的点评,整理出其诗学主张,主要是诗贵独造、作诗主真、博取融合的创作主体论,诗缘情、内容与形式并重、含蓄蕴藉和清俊自然的诗歌风格等的创作客体论,以及持论相对公允客观的诗歌鉴赏论。《香石诗话》具有保存诗家诗作的文献价值,以及评点诗家诗作中肯公允的参考价值,对岭南诗坛诗风产生了相当的影响,在岭南诗话史上具有重要的地位。

香石竹切花在瓶插过程中的生理变化及保鲜

不同药剂处理香石竹切花（５％蔗糖和５％蔗糖＋１５０＊１０＾－６硼酸＋１００＊１０＾－６ＣｏＣｌ２），可以减缓切花体内蛋白质，可溶性糖含量的下降，并且减轻膜过氧化水平，瓶插过程中药剂处理的超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化氢酶活性和抗坏血酸含量均高于对照，该药剂处理还可抑制电导率脯氨酸含量的上升幅度。

香苇二石口服液对大鼠试验性热应激的影响

本试验通过检测大鼠肠道中热休克蛋白基因的表达,探究不同剂量香苇二石口服液对热应激的预防和治疗作用。45只健康雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、热应激组、自然恢复组、高剂量预防组、中剂量预防组、低剂量预防组、高剂量治疗组、中剂量治疗组、低剂量治疗组,建立高温应激模型,利用Real time-PCR技术检测大鼠小肠中HSP27、HSP70、HSP90 m RNA的表达变化。结果表明,高温刺激能极显著增加HSPs m RNA的表达量(P<0.01);香苇二石口服液能显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)抑制HSPs m RNA的高表达。表明香苇二石口服液高剂量有极显著预防作用,中剂量有极显著治疗作用。

中华奇石

1.生长石:在四川九寨沟石寨苗圃有一种怪石,状若乌龟,俗称龟石。有趣的是,20多年前,此石仅50厘米长,40厘米宽,至今已长到330厘米长,90厘米宽。人们曾敲下几块小石头带回研究。几年后,更令人惊奇的是,这几块小石头也能长大数十倍。其外表亦酷似乌龟。此石之谜无人能解。 2.显字石:在内蒙古东部的一座山上,有一块一面是石壁的巨石,若用山下清泉浇此石壁,则壁上立即出现类似蒙文藏文的字行,字体奇特,似用大楷笔书写,但至今无人识得。更奇的是。

RESPONSES TO ETHYLENE AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS OF CARNATION FLOWERS

The symptoms of petal response to ethylene, including petal in-rolling and increase in ion leakage through cell membrane, were completely inhibited by treatment of transcription inhibitor a-amanitin as well as protein synthesis inhibitor--cycloheximide. It was observed in Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv. White Sim that protein synthesis in flowers declined and the responsiveness to ethylene increased as the flowers became matured. However, when the flowers were pre-treated with aminooxyacetic acid (AOA), an inhibitor of ethylene synthesis, the observed responsiveness to ethylene in flowers declined with age. These results suggested that responsiveness to ethylene in flowers may be due to a declination in the capacity of protein synthesis in flowers.

九华佛国俊“三宝”

九华山是我国四大佛教名山之一，以浓郁的佛教文化氛围和隽秀的自然风光享誉海内外。而以山中特产烹制的佳肴也使人品后回味无穷。其中以石鸡、石鱼、石耳最具特色，这里介绍九华山山珍的一些做法：

石香膏对糖尿病慢性难愈合创面模型大鼠创面组织血管内皮细胞黏附分子1、核因子κB p65表达的影响

目的探讨石香膏治疗糖尿病慢性难愈合创面的可能作用机制。方法将50只SD大鼠按7、14天两个时间点分为正常组、创面对照组、难愈合组、贝复济组、石香膏组,每个时间点每组5只。除正常组和创面对照组外,其余各组采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素溶液制备糖尿病大鼠模型,造模后用手术器械剪去标记圆形区域全层皮肤直至显露肌筋膜,形成大鼠全层皮肤缺损创面模型;创面对照组亦建立皮肤缺损创面模型。造模成功后石香膏组创面外敷石香膏厚度约2 mm,贝复济组创面外用贝复济约0. 2 ml,均保证药物完全覆盖创面,创面对照组和难愈合组均不使用药物覆盖创面,正常组不作处理。创面造模后第7、14天,观察大鼠创面组织生长情况,Western Blot法检测创面组织血管内皮细胞黏附分子1 (VCAM-1)、核因子κB p65 (NF-κB p65)、磷酸化核因子κB p65 (p-NF-κB p65)表达情况,荧光定量PCR法检测VCAM-1 mRNA表达水平。结果造模后第14天难愈合组可见创面未见明显修复,成纤维细胞数量较少;石香膏组创面已基本修复。造模后第7天,与难愈合组比较,石香膏组中VCAM-1蛋白表达,贝复济组和石香膏组NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65蛋白及VCAM-1 mRNA表达降低(P <0. 05或P <0. 01);与贝复济组比较,石香膏组中VCAM-1 mRNA相对表达量降低(P <0. 01)。造模后第14天,与难愈合组比较,贝复济组和石香膏组中VCAM-1、NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65蛋白及VCAM-1 mRNA相对表达量降低(P <0. 05或P <0. 01)。与贝复济组比较,石香膏组中VCAM-1、NF-κB p65蛋白及VCAM-1 mRNA相对表达量降低(P <0. 05或P <0. 01)。结论石香膏可以促进糖尿病慢性难愈合创面修复,抑制创面中VCAM-1、NF-κB p65、p-NF-κB p65及VCAM-1 mRNA表达可能是其作用机制之一。

Phenol Composition and Susceptibility to Fusarium oxysporum Dianthi in Carnation

Phenol composition of two carnation （Dianthus caryophyllus） cvs ＂Gloriana＂ and ＂Roland＂, partially and highly resistant to F. oxysporum f. sp. dianthi, respectively, has been investigated with the aim of assessing the possible role of phenolic constituents both as biochemical markers of resistance and antifungal molecules. Analyses were performed through chromatography, NMR and MS methods. The results indicate that protocatechuic and vanillic acids are present in healthy and infected tissues of both cvs; the flavonol glycoside peltatoside. 2,6-Dimethoxybenzoic acid was detected in small amounts only in infected ＂Gloriana＂ cv while the highly resistant ＂Roland＂ cv contained the flavone datiscetin. This latter compound, due to its noticeable antifungal activity evidenced in in vitro trials, could be conceived both as a biochemical marker of resistance towards this pathogen and as a phytoanticipin.

Effects of Vetiveria zizanioides Planting on Water Quality in Areas Surrounding Coal Gangue Mountain

In order to investigate the correlation between the variations in the environmental water quality indexes and the distance of water bodies from the planting region of vetiver, samples of surface water were gathered from the water bodies surrounding an abandoned coal gangue mountain of Dahead coal mine (Dahe, Liupanshui, Guizhou Province) based on the method of field survey and typical analysis. According to the results, the planting of vetiver could effectively purify the water bodies surrounding the coal gangue mountain. Detailed findings include three aspects:(1) The main pollutants detected in water bodies around the coal gangue mountain were SO4 2-, NO3 -, Fe and Cu, with a concentration of 869.45, 35.16, 26.06, and 40.85 mg/L respectively in wet season and all exceeded the national environmental standards for surface water.(2) The pH values of water bodies 150~200 m away from the vetiver planting region stayed within the limits of national environmental standards for surface water and presented a homogeneous feature, revealing that vetiver has the capacity to adjust the pH of the surrounding water body.(3) The contents of Fe, Mn, Cu, SO4 2-, and NO3 - under all treatments, tended to increase with the increasing distance of water bodies from the vetiver planting region;it means the shorter the distance between the water body and the vetiver planting region is, the higher the adsorption rate and purification effects will be;the optimal concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Cu were 0 mg/L, much lower than the national environmental standards for surface water.

Low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa by GC-MS

An attempt had been made to isolate and identify the low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa. The dried plants were heat extracted with ethanol and then extracted with petroleum ether. The constituents were isolated and analyzed by GC-MS and then we retrieved them on NIST08 mass spectrometry database to determine their structures. Finally, successful results were achieved, 111 compounds were obtained and identified. 105 of them were reported for the first time in lsodon excisa and 22 of them were first found in natural products. Thus, the main constituents of it were found to be Sitosterol （33.28%）, 3-Amino-4-pyrazolecarbonitrile （9.55%）

2003经典项目交流

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SSHT Process -a Low Cost Solution for Low Sulfur and Low Aromatics Diesel

The need for cleaner fuels has resulted in a continuing worldwide trend to reduce diesel sulfur and aromatics. There are many approaches to reducing sulfur and aromatics in diesel. Most of them have a common drawback of high cost because of adopting two stages of hydrotreating and using noble-metal catalyst, especially for reducing aromatics. The attempt to resolve this issue has led to the recent development of the Single Stage Hydrotreating (SSHT) process by Research Institute of Petroleum Processing (RIPP), SINOPEC.The SSHT process is a single-stage hydrotreating technology for producing low sulfur and low aromatics diesel. The process uses one or two non-noble-metal catalysts system and operates at moderate pressure. When revamping an existing unit to meet low aromatics diesel specification, the only thing to do is to add a reactor or replace the existing reactor, In pilot plant tests, the SSHT technology has successfully treated SRGO (Straight Run Gas Oil), LCO (Light Cycle Oil) or the blend of them. It is shown that by using the SSHT process diesel with sulfur of 30 ppm and aromatics of 15 m% can be produced from Middle-East SRGO and diesel with aromatics content of 25 m% can be produced from cracked feed, such as FCC-LCO. High diesel yield and cetane number gain (from cracked feed stocks) give the SSHT technology a performance advantage compared to conventional hydrocracking and hydrotreating processes.The lower investment and operating cost is another advantage. The first commercial application of the SSHT technology has been in operation since September 2001.

Numerical simulation of rock deformation during the mineralization of the Xiangshan uranium deposit, Jiangxi province, south China

The Xiangshan uranium deposit in Jiangxi province is one of the most important uranium deposits in China. The aim of our study is to obtain a better understanding of rock deformation and dilation associated with mineralization, to predict the most favorable locations of mineralization, and to assist with future mineral exploration in this deposit. On the basis of geological and structural data from previous studies, we have constructed a coupled deformation and fluid flow numerical model and simulated the faulting deformation and major mechanical factors controlling mineralization in the deposit. Particular attention has been paid to variations in regional stress, distributions of shear strain, volumetric strain and pore pressure. The relationship between the struc-tural/faulting movement and mineralization is obtained through analyzing the deformation state of fault zones. The results suggest that the mineralization is related to volumetric strain, shear strain and pore pressures. The locations displaying all these factors rep-resent the most favorable sites for mineralization. These model results are important for guiding the exploration of new uranium deposits in Xiangshan.

Effects of Different Irrigation Modes on Internal Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different irrigation modes on chemical constituent and aroma substance contents and sensory quality in flue-cured tobacco leaves. [Method] Field experiments were conduced with two treatments, including watering irrigation and micro-spraying irrigation. In watering irrigation treatment, flue-cured tobacco seedlings were respectively watered by artificial root irrigation once at rosette stage（May 26） and vigorous growth stage（June 18）, 1kg/plant each time; in micro-spraying treatment, flue-cured tobacco seedlings were watered by artificial root irrigation once at rosette stage（May 26）, 1 L/plant. [Result]Compared to watering irrigation mode, micro-spraying irrigation could extremely significantly increase the content of main aromatic substance in middle and upper leaves.Contents of main aromatic substance non-volatile organic acids, volatile organic acids, petroleum ether extracts, neophytadiene and neutral aromatic substances in C3F tobacco leaves were improved by 24.4%, 32.6%, 20.7%, 33.8% and 26.3%, respectively; contents of main aromatic substance non-volatile organic acids, volatile organic acids, petroleum ether extracts, eophytadiene and neutral aromatic substances in B2F tobacco leaves were improved by 16.3%, 6.0%, 6.1%, 10.8% and8.1%, respectively. In addition, micro-spraying irrigation could extremely significantly reduce the nicotine content in middle and upper leaves and improve the aromatic coordination, mellow taste and smoldering property. [Conclusion] In flue-cured tobacco production, micro-spraying technology is an important means to improve the internal quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves, which can be adopted to effectively solve the problem of declining quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves resulted from the dry climate at maturation stage in seasonal frequent-drought areas.

Quantitative Analysis Using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry and Correlation between Mass Spectrometry Data and Sulfur Content of Crude Oils

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS) has become a powerful tool for analyzing the detailed composition of petroleum samples. However, the correlation between the numerous peaks obtained by FT-ICR MS and bulk properties of petroleum samples is still a challenge. In this study, the internal standard method was applied for the quantitative analysis of four straight-run vacuum gas oils(VGO) by atmospheric pressure photoionization(APPI) FT-ICR MS. The heteroatom class distribution of these VGO samples turned to be different when the concentration changed. Linear relationship between the normalized abundance and the concentration of VGO samples was identified for the total aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbons, S1 and N1 species. The differences of the response factors were also discussed. The sulfur contents of a series of crude oils were proved to be linear with the FT-ICR MS data calibrated by the response factor of S1 species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of the internal standard method in quantitative analysis with APPI FT-ICR MS, and the bulk properties of petroleum samples could be correlated directly with the FT-ICR MS data.

神奇的石头

在广阔的大自然中，有一望无际的平原、广袤无垠的戈壁、高耸入云的山峰。在这些地方，石头随处可见，但它们的样貌不同、个性迥异，甚至是千变万化，神秘莫测。