The small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） play a vital role in the development of the Malaysian economy through its contribution of 32% of the country＇s growth domestic product （GDP）. However, the recent glo...The small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） play a vital role in the development of the Malaysian economy through its contribution of 32% of the country＇s growth domestic product （GDP）. However, the recent global financial crisis has exposed these enterprises to plausible risks that have resulted in some businesses being shuttered. Such predicament shows how crucial it is for SMEs to be prepared with some form of protection or Takaful to mitigate impending risks. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which micro enterprises are aware of Takaful and the benefits of its products. The study was conducted on respondents who fall into micro enterprise category located in Johor, Malaysia, and the research process involves a case study method which is in-depth interviews. The results of the current study provide an insight into how Takaful is regarded among SMEs and the need for these enterprises to be protected.展开更多
Rose is one of the farming products that used as an accessory plantation, which is also known to contain vitamin C and anthocyanins which can be used as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study is to identify the col...Rose is one of the farming products that used as an accessory plantation, which is also known to contain vitamin C and anthocyanins which can be used as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study is to identify the colour effect of flower through the quality effervescent tablet, to know the interaction between the flower colour and the sugar type through the quality effervescent rose tablet. This study was done with two steps. Step I was divided into 2 levels of examinations using simple random： Rose colouring, M1 （dark red） and M2 （pink）, while step II consisted of three levels of examinations, those were G 1 （sucrose）, G2 （dextrose）, and G3 （sorbitol）. The result showed that the dark red colour has a better extract pigment quality, the level of the light color （L） was 77.3 and the redness level （b＋） was 25.033. The best rose effervescent tablet was produced by the combination of M 1 G3 （dark red： corn sugar/sorbitol）, that has 8.179% of water content; the solute velocity was 0.029 g/sec; the lightness level （L） was 84.133, the redness level （a＋） was 18.3. The product of the rose effervescent drinks has a value of 6.46 pH; viscosities 342.867 cps and total of sugar 52.150%.展开更多
Two hundred and eighty six lines were selected randomly from the tetraploid wheat （Tritieum turgidum L.var Durum） landrace ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. The whole population with three check cultivars （ACSAD 65, HOURANI 27 and...Two hundred and eighty six lines were selected randomly from the tetraploid wheat （Tritieum turgidum L.var Durum） landrace ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. The whole population with three check cultivars （ACSAD 65, HOURANI 27 and AMRA） was evaluated at Maru Agriculture Research Station for 16 characters including grain yield per plant. The objectives were to assess the magnitude of phenotypic variations for the traits in ＂Safra Ma＇an＂ and to evaluate the potential usefulness of some of the traits identified. Results showed wide range of phenotypic variation for several traits. Monomorphism was common for juvenile growth habit, whereas, the rest of the characters exhibited polymorphism in varying degrees. Considering all characters, the average diversity （H＇） for ＂Safra Ma＇an＂ landrace was 0.65 ± 0.047. Ten lines were superior to the check （HOURANI 27） for grain yield per plant. Subsequently, the population lines were clustered into six distinct groups at a distance of about 0.55 based on their similarity for all traits, ACSAD 65 and AMRA located in separate clusters, whereas, HOURANI 27 cultivar was presented in cluster with the most lines of ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. Thirteen lines from the population showed a bluish green cast or glaucousness characters. Glaucous lines had greater kernels per spike. In contrast, this character showed no significant association with grain yield per plant despite the greater grain yield per plant obtained for the glaucous lines. The results are important for the breeding and selection in this land race.展开更多
In the world, many research has been made to increase the quality and quantity of food production, and also to seek increase of accessibility of consumption for the population, especially in low economic income commun...In the world, many research has been made to increase the quality and quantity of food production, and also to seek increase of accessibility of consumption for the population, especially in low economic income communities, where the consumption of protein may be very important for public health and sustainable development. The main objective of this study was to generate knowledge to increase food safety in the production of meat through the assessment of cattle that are prospect to be stallions of the Simmental and Simbrah breeds. This took place in Linares, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The period of time for the test to get accurate data regarding food consumption in this study was 70 d. The Simmental breed surpasses the Simbrah breed, with respect to increase in daily weight and increase in final weight （P ≤ 0.05）. If Northeast México is looking to enhance food safety through a higher increase in final weight, then it should consider the Simmental breed as the most appropriate.展开更多
Mancozeb is a multi-site fungicide used to control late blight （Phytophthora infestans） and early blight （Alternaria solani） in potatoes, and is currently due for re-approval as part of the EU Sustainable Use Dire...Mancozeb is a multi-site fungicide used to control late blight （Phytophthora infestans） and early blight （Alternaria solani） in potatoes, and is currently due for re-approval as part of the EU Sustainable Use Directive---Authorisation of Plant Protection Products Regulation （EC） No 1107/2009. In order to understand its value to the EU potato industry, a stakeholder survey was conducted to understand the implications for P. infestans control and the impact on EU potato production if mancozeb was not available. In total, 319 growers and advisers were surveyed in 8 countries： France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Greece, Italy, Spain and the UK, to determine how they use mancozeb, potential alternative control strategies and the implications of withdrawal. This study demonstrates that mancozeb is a widely used and cost-effective multisite active ingredient, which is a highly valued means of control for P. infestans. Based on the survey results, a loss of mancozeb would lead to a reduction in gross margin for potato producers in these countries of 787 million to 507 million depending on the level of P. infestans pressure. The combined impact of high cost of production and increased risks is likely to lead to reductions in the availability of EU potatoes and increased costs to consumers. In addition, an assessment was completed to determine the impact of mancozeb withdrawal on fungicide resistance development to single-site acting fungicides, finding that the loss of a multi-site active ingredient like mancozeb would severely compromise fungicide resistance management.展开更多
文摘The small- and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs） play a vital role in the development of the Malaysian economy through its contribution of 32% of the country＇s growth domestic product （GDP）. However, the recent global financial crisis has exposed these enterprises to plausible risks that have resulted in some businesses being shuttered. Such predicament shows how crucial it is for SMEs to be prepared with some form of protection or Takaful to mitigate impending risks. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which micro enterprises are aware of Takaful and the benefits of its products. The study was conducted on respondents who fall into micro enterprise category located in Johor, Malaysia, and the research process involves a case study method which is in-depth interviews. The results of the current study provide an insight into how Takaful is regarded among SMEs and the need for these enterprises to be protected.
文摘Rose is one of the farming products that used as an accessory plantation, which is also known to contain vitamin C and anthocyanins which can be used as an antioxidant. The purpose of this study is to identify the colour effect of flower through the quality effervescent tablet, to know the interaction between the flower colour and the sugar type through the quality effervescent rose tablet. This study was done with two steps. Step I was divided into 2 levels of examinations using simple random： Rose colouring, M1 （dark red） and M2 （pink）, while step II consisted of three levels of examinations, those were G 1 （sucrose）, G2 （dextrose）, and G3 （sorbitol）. The result showed that the dark red colour has a better extract pigment quality, the level of the light color （L） was 77.3 and the redness level （b＋） was 25.033. The best rose effervescent tablet was produced by the combination of M 1 G3 （dark red： corn sugar/sorbitol）, that has 8.179% of water content; the solute velocity was 0.029 g/sec; the lightness level （L） was 84.133, the redness level （a＋） was 18.3. The product of the rose effervescent drinks has a value of 6.46 pH; viscosities 342.867 cps and total of sugar 52.150%.
文摘Two hundred and eighty six lines were selected randomly from the tetraploid wheat （Tritieum turgidum L.var Durum） landrace ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. The whole population with three check cultivars （ACSAD 65, HOURANI 27 and AMRA） was evaluated at Maru Agriculture Research Station for 16 characters including grain yield per plant. The objectives were to assess the magnitude of phenotypic variations for the traits in ＂Safra Ma＇an＂ and to evaluate the potential usefulness of some of the traits identified. Results showed wide range of phenotypic variation for several traits. Monomorphism was common for juvenile growth habit, whereas, the rest of the characters exhibited polymorphism in varying degrees. Considering all characters, the average diversity （H＇） for ＂Safra Ma＇an＂ landrace was 0.65 ± 0.047. Ten lines were superior to the check （HOURANI 27） for grain yield per plant. Subsequently, the population lines were clustered into six distinct groups at a distance of about 0.55 based on their similarity for all traits, ACSAD 65 and AMRA located in separate clusters, whereas, HOURANI 27 cultivar was presented in cluster with the most lines of ＂Safra Ma＇an＂. Thirteen lines from the population showed a bluish green cast or glaucousness characters. Glaucous lines had greater kernels per spike. In contrast, this character showed no significant association with grain yield per plant despite the greater grain yield per plant obtained for the glaucous lines. The results are important for the breeding and selection in this land race.
文摘In the world, many research has been made to increase the quality and quantity of food production, and also to seek increase of accessibility of consumption for the population, especially in low economic income communities, where the consumption of protein may be very important for public health and sustainable development. The main objective of this study was to generate knowledge to increase food safety in the production of meat through the assessment of cattle that are prospect to be stallions of the Simmental and Simbrah breeds. This took place in Linares, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. The period of time for the test to get accurate data regarding food consumption in this study was 70 d. The Simmental breed surpasses the Simbrah breed, with respect to increase in daily weight and increase in final weight （P ≤ 0.05）. If Northeast México is looking to enhance food safety through a higher increase in final weight, then it should consider the Simmental breed as the most appropriate.
文摘Mancozeb is a multi-site fungicide used to control late blight （Phytophthora infestans） and early blight （Alternaria solani） in potatoes, and is currently due for re-approval as part of the EU Sustainable Use Directive---Authorisation of Plant Protection Products Regulation （EC） No 1107/2009. In order to understand its value to the EU potato industry, a stakeholder survey was conducted to understand the implications for P. infestans control and the impact on EU potato production if mancozeb was not available. In total, 319 growers and advisers were surveyed in 8 countries： France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Greece, Italy, Spain and the UK, to determine how they use mancozeb, potential alternative control strategies and the implications of withdrawal. This study demonstrates that mancozeb is a widely used and cost-effective multisite active ingredient, which is a highly valued means of control for P. infestans. Based on the survey results, a loss of mancozeb would lead to a reduction in gross margin for potato producers in these countries of 787 million to 507 million depending on the level of P. infestans pressure. The combined impact of high cost of production and increased risks is likely to lead to reductions in the availability of EU potatoes and increased costs to consumers. In addition, an assessment was completed to determine the impact of mancozeb withdrawal on fungicide resistance development to single-site acting fungicides, finding that the loss of a multi-site active ingredient like mancozeb would severely compromise fungicide resistance management.
