AIM: To assess the defensive nature of Sargassum polycystum (S. polycystum) (Brown alga) against acetaminophen (AAP)-induced changes in drug metabolizing mi crosomal enzyme system, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and f...AIM: To assess the defensive nature of Sargassum polycystum (S. polycystum) (Brown alga) against acetaminophen (AAP)-induced changes in drug metabolizing mi crosomal enzyme system, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and fine structural features of the liver during toxic hepatitis in rats. METHODS: Male albino Wistar strain rats used for the study were randomly categorized into 4 groups. GroupⅠconsisted of normal control rats fed with standard diet. GroupⅡrats were administered with acetaminophen (800 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). GroupⅢrats were pre-treated with 5. polycystum extract alone. GroupⅣrats were orally pre-treated with S. polycystum extract (200 mg/kg body weight for 21 d) prior to acetaminophen induction (800 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). Serum separated and liver was excised and microsomal fraction was isolated for assaying cytochrome P450, NADPH Cyt P450 reductase and bs. Serum TNF-αwas detected using ELISA. Fine structural features of liver were examined by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Rats intoxicated with acetaminophen showed considerable impairment in the activities of drug metabolizing microsomal enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, NADPH Cyt P450 reductase and bs when compared with the control rats. The rats intoxicated with acetaminophen also significantly triggered serum TNF-αwhen compared with the control rats. These severe alterations in the drug metabolizing enzymes were appreciably prevented in the rats pretreated with 5. polycystum. The rats pretreated with S. polycystum showed considerable inhibition in the elevation of TNF-αcompared to the rats intoxicated with acetaminophen. The electron microscopic observation showed considerable loss of structural integrity of the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid infiltration and ballooning of mitochondria in the acetaminophen-intoxicated rats, whereas the rats treated with S. polycystum showed considerable protection against acetaminophen-induced alterations in structural integrity. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that the animals treated with 5. polycystum extract may have the ability to protect the drug metabolizing enzyme system and mitochondrial functional status from free radical attack, thereby showing its defense mechanism in protecting hepatic cells from acetaminophen toxic metabolite N-acetyl-para-benzoquinone-imine (NAPQI).展开更多
The thermodynamic process of two macroalgae, Sargassum fusiforme and Laminaria japonica, absorbing heavy metal ions Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+, has been studied. The result indicates that the absorption isotherms of th...The thermodynamic process of two macroalgae, Sargassum fusiforme and Laminaria japonica, absorbing heavy metal ions Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+, has been studied. The result indicates that the absorption isotherms of these two macroalgae clearly accord with the Landmuir adsorption model. The absorptive processes of S. fusiforme and L. japonica for Cu2+℃ are endothermal, and at 35 , the adsorption heat of these two algae is 59.5 kJ/mol and 76.8 kJ/mol respectively. Temperature could affect the algae’s adsorption capacity. Their adsorption ℃℃capacity increases with temperature ( 25 and 35 ).展开更多
基金Supported by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
文摘AIM: To assess the defensive nature of Sargassum polycystum (S. polycystum) (Brown alga) against acetaminophen (AAP)-induced changes in drug metabolizing mi crosomal enzyme system, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and fine structural features of the liver during toxic hepatitis in rats. METHODS: Male albino Wistar strain rats used for the study were randomly categorized into 4 groups. GroupⅠconsisted of normal control rats fed with standard diet. GroupⅡrats were administered with acetaminophen (800 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). GroupⅢrats were pre-treated with 5. polycystum extract alone. GroupⅣrats were orally pre-treated with S. polycystum extract (200 mg/kg body weight for 21 d) prior to acetaminophen induction (800 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). Serum separated and liver was excised and microsomal fraction was isolated for assaying cytochrome P450, NADPH Cyt P450 reductase and bs. Serum TNF-αwas detected using ELISA. Fine structural features of liver were examined by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: Rats intoxicated with acetaminophen showed considerable impairment in the activities of drug metabolizing microsomal enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, NADPH Cyt P450 reductase and bs when compared with the control rats. The rats intoxicated with acetaminophen also significantly triggered serum TNF-αwhen compared with the control rats. These severe alterations in the drug metabolizing enzymes were appreciably prevented in the rats pretreated with 5. polycystum. The rats pretreated with S. polycystum showed considerable inhibition in the elevation of TNF-αcompared to the rats intoxicated with acetaminophen. The electron microscopic observation showed considerable loss of structural integrity of the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid infiltration and ballooning of mitochondria in the acetaminophen-intoxicated rats, whereas the rats treated with S. polycystum showed considerable protection against acetaminophen-induced alterations in structural integrity. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest that the animals treated with 5. polycystum extract may have the ability to protect the drug metabolizing enzyme system and mitochondrial functional status from free radical attack, thereby showing its defense mechanism in protecting hepatic cells from acetaminophen toxic metabolite N-acetyl-para-benzoquinone-imine (NAPQI).
文摘The thermodynamic process of two macroalgae, Sargassum fusiforme and Laminaria japonica, absorbing heavy metal ions Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+, has been studied. The result indicates that the absorption isotherms of these two macroalgae clearly accord with the Landmuir adsorption model. The absorptive processes of S. fusiforme and L. japonica for Cu2+℃ are endothermal, and at 35 , the adsorption heat of these two algae is 59.5 kJ/mol and 76.8 kJ/mol respectively. Temperature could affect the algae’s adsorption capacity. Their adsorption ℃℃capacity increases with temperature ( 25 and 35 ).
