1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢的马氏体相变量与孔蚀敏感性的相关性研究

研究了ＡＩＳＩ３２１亚稳态奥氏体不锈钢（１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ）在－７０℃（液氮气氛）经不同程度拉伸形变得到的含有不同α′－马氏体的试样在中性含氯离子介质中，材料的马氏体相变量与孔蚀敏感性的关系．孔蚀击穿电位、孔蚀诱导期和孔数的测试结果均表明：当α′－马氏体含量约小于５％和大于１５％时，经形变诱发马氏体相变的１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ奥氏体不锈钢在中性ＮａＣｌ溶液中，孔蚀敏感性随α′－马氏体含量的增加而增大；当α′－马氏体含量在５％～１５％范围内时，材料的孔蚀敏感性随α′－马氏体含量的增大而降低．

In-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction investigation on deformation behavior of Nb/NiTi composite during pre-straining process

The mechanisms responsible for deformation behavior in Nb/NiTi composite during pre-straining were investigated systematically using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and tensile test. It is shown that upon loading, the composite experiences elastic elongation and slight plastic deformation of B19′,B2 and β-Nb phases, together with the forward stress-induced martensitic(SIM) transformation from B2 to B19′. Upon unloading, the deformation mechanisms of the composite mainly involve elastic recovery of B19′, B2 and β-Nb phases,compression deformation of β-Nb phase and incomplete B19′→B2 reverse SIM transformation. In the tensile loading-unloading procedure, besides the inherent elastic deformation and SIM transformation, the(001) compound twins in B19′ martensite can also be conducive to the elastic deformation occurring in B19′-phase of the composite.Therefore, this composite can exhibit a large recoverable strain after unloading owing to the elastic deformation, and the partially reversible and consecutive SIM transformation together with the(001) compound twins.

Composition dependent elastic modulus and phase stability of Ni_2MnGa based ferromagnetic shape memory alloys

Ni2MnGa based ferromagnetic alloys are ideal candidates for applications such as actuators, magnetic refrigerators or magne-tostrictive transducers due to their attractive properties such as magnetic field induced shape memory effect and large magnetocaloric effect. The properties of these alloys （e.g., the martensitic transformation temperature TM） sensitively depend on the composition. Understanding the composition dependence of these properties so as to design the alloy as desired is one of the main research topics in this area. In recent years, we have investigated the composition dependent elastic modulus and phase stability of Ni2MnGa-based alloys by using a first-principles method, in hope of clarifying their connection to the properties of these alloys. In this article, we review the main results of our investigations. We show that the tetragonal shear modulus C＇ is a better predictor of the composition dependent TM than the number of valence electrons per atom （e/a） since the general TM-C＇ correlation works for some of the alloys for which the TM-ela correlation fails, although there exist several cases for which both the general TM-C＇ and TM-ela correlations break down. Employing the experimentally determined modulation function, the complex 5-layer modulated （5M） structure of the martensite of Ni2MnGa and the Al-doping effect on it are studied. We find that the shuffle and shear of the 5M structure are linearly coupled. The relative stability of the austenite and the marten- sites is examined by comparing their total energies. The non-modulated martensite β＇″ with the tetragonality of the unit cell c/a〉1 is shown to be globally stable whereas the 5M martensite with c/a〈1 is metastable. The critical Al atomic fraction over which the martensitic transformation between the 5M martensite and austenite cannot occur is predicted to be 0.26, in reason- able agreement with experimental findings.