A 3-D field line integration code, TRIP3D has been modified to model stochastic magnetic perturbation produced by a resistive wall mode, error field （ RWMEF ） coil in the NSTX tokamak with very low aspect ratio. The...A 3-D field line integration code, TRIP3D has been modified to model stochastic magnetic perturbation produced by a resistive wall mode, error field （ RWMEF ） coil in the NSTX tokamak with very low aspect ratio. The RWMEF-coil has two turns, which may produce stochastic fields with the toroidal mode number of n = 1 or 3. In this study, it is found that the stochastic field of n = 3 is larger than that of n=-1 for the same coil current. Two divertor discharges with lower single null （ LSN ） and double null （ DN ） configurations in the NSTX have been modeled with different RWMEF-coil currents and toroidal modes.展开更多
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of exposure to aluminum（Al） on long-term potentiation（LTP） and AMPA receptor subunits in rats in vivo. 〈br〉 MethodsDifferent dosages of aluminum-maltolate complex[Al（mal）3] were...ObjectiveTo explore the effects of exposure to aluminum（Al） on long-term potentiation（LTP） and AMPA receptor subunits in rats in vivo. 〈br〉 MethodsDifferent dosages of aluminum-maltolate complex[Al（mal）3] were given to rats via acute intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.）injection and subchronic intraperitoneal （i.p.） injection. Following Al exposure, the hippocampal LTP were recorded by field potentiation techniquein vivo and the expression of AMPAR subunit proteins （GluR1 and GluR2） in both total and membrane-enriched extracts from the CA1 area of rat hippocampus were detected by Western blot assay. 〈br〉 ResultsAcute Al treatment produced dose-dependent suppression of LTP in the rat hippocampus and dose-dependent decreases of GluR1and GluR2in membrane extracts; however, no similar changes were found in the total cell extracts, which suggests decreased trafficking of AMPA receptor subunits from intracellular pools to synaptic sites in the hippocampus. Thedose-dependent suppressive effects on LTP and the expression of AMPA receptor subunits both in the membrane and in total extracts were found after subchronic Al treatment, indicating a decrease in AMPA receptor subunit trafficking from intracellular poolsto synaptic sites and an additional reduction in the expression of the subunits. 〈br〉 ConclusionAl（mal）3obviously and dose-dependently suppressed LTP in the rat hippocampal CA1 region in vivo, and this suppression may be related to both trafficking and decreases in the expression of AMPA receptor subunit proteins. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations need further investigation.展开更多
文摘A 3-D field line integration code, TRIP3D has been modified to model stochastic magnetic perturbation produced by a resistive wall mode, error field （ RWMEF ） coil in the NSTX tokamak with very low aspect ratio. The RWMEF-coil has two turns, which may produce stochastic fields with the toroidal mode number of n = 1 or 3. In this study, it is found that the stochastic field of n = 3 is larger than that of n=-1 for the same coil current. Two divertor discharges with lower single null （ LSN ） and double null （ DN ） configurations in the NSTX have been modeled with different RWMEF-coil currents and toroidal modes.
文摘ObjectiveTo explore the effects of exposure to aluminum（Al） on long-term potentiation（LTP） and AMPA receptor subunits in rats in vivo. 〈br〉 MethodsDifferent dosages of aluminum-maltolate complex[Al（mal）3] were given to rats via acute intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.）injection and subchronic intraperitoneal （i.p.） injection. Following Al exposure, the hippocampal LTP were recorded by field potentiation techniquein vivo and the expression of AMPAR subunit proteins （GluR1 and GluR2） in both total and membrane-enriched extracts from the CA1 area of rat hippocampus were detected by Western blot assay. 〈br〉 ResultsAcute Al treatment produced dose-dependent suppression of LTP in the rat hippocampus and dose-dependent decreases of GluR1and GluR2in membrane extracts; however, no similar changes were found in the total cell extracts, which suggests decreased trafficking of AMPA receptor subunits from intracellular pools to synaptic sites in the hippocampus. Thedose-dependent suppressive effects on LTP and the expression of AMPA receptor subunits both in the membrane and in total extracts were found after subchronic Al treatment, indicating a decrease in AMPA receptor subunit trafficking from intracellular poolsto synaptic sites and an additional reduction in the expression of the subunits. 〈br〉 ConclusionAl（mal）3obviously and dose-dependently suppressed LTP in the rat hippocampal CA1 region in vivo, and this suppression may be related to both trafficking and decreases in the expression of AMPA receptor subunit proteins. However, the mechanisms underlying these observations need further investigation.
