常见临床标本的微生物检验程序

目的：探讨常见临床标本的微生物检验程序。方法：以白色念珠菌为例，建立白色念珠菌临床标本的检验方法与检验程序。结果：白色念珠菌在沙氏葡萄糖培养基中，35℃时生长状态较好；显色培养基上25℃时生长较慢，菌落为乳白色，35℃时生长良好，菌落为浅绿色；在吐温80-玉米粉培养基、氯化三苯四氮唑一沙保罗琼脂培养基上生长较为缓慢。白色念珠菌蔗糖发酵试验阴性，葡萄糖、麦芽糖发酵试验阳性。尿素分解试验阴性。结论：尽管各微生物的生化特性千差万别，但对其进行的检验程序大致是相同的，都必须进行标本分离、菌种鉴定、药敏试验三个步骤。

成人助听器验配程序(建议之二)

为能建立一套科学、规范又适合我国国情的助听器验配指南 ,现将几位在助听器验配工作中积累了丰富经验的专家拟定的助听器验配方案刊登如下 ,供大家参考。适当的时候《听力学及言语疾病杂志》编辑委员会助听器验配专业学组将组织有关专家进行讨论 ,综合各方意见 。

酶促反应平衡点和酶活性测定程序的教学探讨

在对全国课标卷中一道有关酶促反应的高考试题分析的基础上,基于教学课堂实录、论文文献和实验验证,探讨了酶促反应平衡点问题和酶活性影响因素的实验程序科学设计问题,指出并非酶促反应都有平衡点,酶活性的测定程序差异会影响酶活性的测定结果,并为教学过程中遇到的困惑提供建议。

Methods of Validating Simulation Model and Program Design

Validating simulation model is one of the important aspects for modeling and simulation. Some methods of validating model are compared and analyzed. Several typical methods, such as TIC’s inequality coefficient, gray interconnected analysis, direct spectrum estimation, maximum entropy spectral estimation based on Burg or Marple, are chosen and programmed in C language. Some examples by using the program are given. The results show that the program is available and it is best to adopt multi methods for validating models.

Comparison of RFFIT Tests with Different Standard Sera and Testing Procedures

The World Health Organization （WHO） standard assay for determining antibody level is the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test （RFFIT） and is used to determine the degree of immunity after vaccination against rabies. To compare the difference in RFFIT results between the laboratories of The National Institute of Infectious Disease in Japan （NIID） and the Chinese Centre for Disease Control （CCDC） as well the influence of the choice of standard serum （STD） for the detection, the two laboratories detection methods were simultaneously manipulated by RFFIT. The reference serums used in NIID and the WHO standard serum used in CCDC were compared in the same RFFIT detection to determine the titer of four sera samples C1, Sl, S2 and S4 in parallel, and the titers of the detected sera samples were calculated using the standard formula for neutralizing antibody titer. No significant difference was found in RFFIT methods from the two laboratories and the RFFIT testing procedures of the two laboratories have good consistency. However, different titers were obtained with the tentative internal standard serum （TI-STD） produced by adjusting to 2.0 IU of WHO standard serum in NIID and the WHO STD. The titer determined with the TI-STD was higher than that determined with WHO STD, This difference appears to be significant and requires further investigation

Lightweight Mutual Authentication Scheme for Protecting Identity in Insecure Environment

Many improved authentication solutions were put forward, on purpose of authenticating more quickly and securely.However, neither the overuse of hash function,or additional symmetric encryption, can truly increase the overall security. Instead,extra computation cost degraded the performance.They were still vulnerable to a variety of threats, such as smart card loss attack and impersonation attack, due to hidden loopholes and flaws. Even worse, user's identity can be parsed in insecure environment, even became traceable. Aiming to protect identity, a lightweight mutual authentication scheme is proposed. Redundant operations are removed,which make the verification process more explicit. It gains better performance with average cost compared to other similar schemes.Cryptanalysis shows the proposed scheme can resist common attacks and achieve user anonymity.Formal security is further verified by using the widely accepted Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications(AVISPA) tool.

Measurement and evaluation of strain fields in T23 steel based on digital image correlation method

Surface strain fields of the designed compact tension(CT)specimens were investigated by digital image correlation(DIC)method.An integrative computer program was developed based on DIC algorithms to characterize the strain fields accurately and graphically.Strain distribution of the CT specimen was predicted by finite element method(FEM).Good agreement is observed between the surface strain fields measured by DIC and predicted by FEM,which reveals that the proposed method is practical and effective to determine the strain fields of CT specimens.Moreover,strain fields of the CT specimens with various compressive loads and notch diameters were studied by DIC.The experimental results can provide effective reference to usage of CT specimens in triaxial creep test by appropriately selecting specimen and experiment parameters.

Effects of Vanadium Oxidation Number on Light Olefins Selectivity of FCC Catalyst

Effects of vanadium on light olefins selectivity of FCC catalysts were investigated with vanadium having different oxidation numbers （hereinafter abbreviated as Oxnum）. Molecular modeling studies showed that vanadium with low Oxnum could affect the chemical conversion of large-size hydrocarbon molecules. However, the vanadium deposited on equilibrium catalyst bad high Oxnum because of the oxidation reaction taking place in the regenerator, so an activation method to reduce vanadium Oxnum named ＂selective activation＂ was introduced. It was proved by means of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance （EPR） and Temperature-Programmed Reduction （TPR） methods that the vanadium Oxnum was decreased, when the catalyst was activated. The molecular modeling studies are consistent well with the lab evaluation results. The light olefins selectivity of activated equilibrium catalysts was better than that achieved by the inactivated catalysts. Similar results were observed with the lab vanadium-contaminated catalyst. The light olefins selectivity of the catalyst was optimized when the vanadium Oxnum was close to 2 （VO）.

Experimental and Computational Investigation of Hybrid FRP Bonded-Reinforced Concrete Beams under Cyclic Loading

Although several experimental and numerical studies have been carried out on the shear capacity of RC beams retrofitted by carbon or glass fibre-reinforced polymers, there has been little work on hybrid FRP sheet applications, particularly under cyclic loading. In the present research, five RC beams were constructed, and four of which were retrofitted using various schemes of FRP sheets. All beams were subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading in an attempt to represent the effect repetitive loading. The ultimate load, and deflection response at mid-span of the beams were measured and compared with predictions of a computational model based on finite element analysis. Experimental results demonstrated that hybrid applications of FRP sheets can improve the shear performance of retrofitted RC beams and increase the ultimate strain of the FRP sheets at failure. The results of the computational model were in reasonable agreement with the corresponding experimental results.

Analyzing Laser-Welded NiTi-NiTi-Joints for Actuator Applications Using Design of Experiments

One promising joining method for NiTi-SMA （shape memory alloy）-components is laser welding. This joining technology bears huge potential regarding process automation and mechanical properties as well as durability, especially within the field of small- and medium-sized actuators. However, there is still need for research due to unsolved issues influencing the microstructure and thus effecting mechanical properties as well as SMA-characteristics of these joints. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is the evaluation of quality parameters of NiTi-NiTi-wire-joints. For this purpose, design of experiments with a fractional factorial design is used for the investigation, because of its high potential to decrease experimental effort. This paper provides a basis for future research in the field of SMA-actuators and joining.

Experimentally Determining Bloch Parameters of Hamiltonian for Single-Qubit Systems

By considering the identification problem of unknown but fixed Hamiltonian H = S0σ0 ＋∑i=x,y,z Siσi where σi （i = x, y, z） are pauli matrices and σ0=I, we explore the feasibility and limitation of empirically determining the Hamiltonian parameters for quantum systems under experimental conditions imposed by projective measurements and initialization procedures. It may be unsurprising to physicists that one can not obtain the knowledge of So no matter what kind of projective measurements and initialization are permitted, but the observation draws our attention to the importance of the parameter identifiability under different experimental condition. It has also been revealed that one can obtain the knowledge of ｜Sz｜ and Sx^2＋Sy^2 at most when only the projective measurement {｜0/（0｜, ｜1/（1｜} is permitted to perform on and initialize the qubit. Further more, we demonstrated that it is feasible to distinguish ｜Sx｜, ｜Sy｜, and ｜Sz｜ even without any a priori information about Hamiltonian if at least two kinds of projective measurement or initialization procedures are permitted. It should be emphasized that both projective measurements and initialization procedures play an important role in quantum system identification.

Technical Procedure Determination of Thoron Indoor Concentration by LR-115 Type II

Thoron （Rn-220） is an invisible, odorless radioactive gas and nine times heavier than air. Purpose of project is to set up procedure to determine Rn-220 concentration which has been carried out in laboratory using Solid State Nuclear Track Detector （SSNTD） based passive detector technique. In this study, technical procedure has been applied in Karlsruhe diffusion chamber and LR-115, Type II strippable （Kodak Pathe, France） detector. The results have investigated how LR-115 work for Rn-220 by using Monazite ore to simultaneously measure Rn-222 and Rn-220. To carry out experiment, Karlsruhe diffusion chamber is used to with and without Poly-Ethylene （PE） membrane. Karlsruhe diffusion chamber with PE membrane only detect Rn-222, without PE membrane detect total Rn-222 and Rn-220. Precision evaluation by duplicate measure at 8 cm detector-source distance with relative standard deviation is less than 2.54%. Testing technical procedure, detectors have been sent to National Institute of Radiological Science （NIRS） for Rn-220 calibration exposure. After detectors have been calibration exposure at NIRS, it carried out all the following steps of procedure which set up at laboratory in 1NST, Vietnam. Finally, calibration factor calculated is 0.21 （tracks-cm2/Bq·m3·h） and constructed curve between integrated Tn-220 concentration and tracks density with factor R2 = 0.975.

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation： a revolution in the therapy of elderly and high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation （TAV1） represents a real revolution in the field of interventional cardiology for the treatment of elderly or high-risk surgical patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis. Today, TAVI seems to play a key and a reliable role in the treatment of intermediate and maybe low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. TAVI has also evolved from a complex and hazardous procedure into an effective and safe therapy by the development of new generation devices. This article aims to review the background and future of TAVI, elinieal trials and registries with old and new generation TAVI devices and to focus on some open issues related to post-procedural outcomes.

谈外商投资企业验资的程序方法和报告

对外商投资企业注册资本的验资工作,是会计师事务所和审计师事务所的一项经常的、政策性较强、风险较大的工作。它涉及我们是否正确贯彻我国对外开放政策,做到既能很好吸收外资,又能保护我国权益,从而推动社会主义经济健康发展的大问题,因此,必须认真地完成好这项任务。现将我所在前阶段验资工作实践中的一些作法作一简介。 一、验资程序 整个验资过程可以分为五个阶段:

Defeating constraint based program analysis with temporal correlation function

Constraint based program analysis is widely used in program validation, program vulnerability analysis, etc. This paper proposes a temporal correlation function to protect programs from analysis. The temporal correlation function can be applied to resist against both static and dynamic function summary and eoncolie testing. What＇ s more, the temporal correlation function can produce different outputs even with same input. This feature can be used to damage the premise of function summary as well as prevent concolie testing process to run the new branch with new input. Experiment results show that this method can reduce efficiency and path coverage of concolic testing, while greatly in- creasing the difficulty of constraint based program analysis.

Analysis of Nitrosamines in Organic Foods

Nitrosamines are classified by IARC as Group 2B carcinogens. Usually they might be present in organic foods as products of reaction between secondary amines and nitrosation system. The aim of the study was to test the concentration of nitrosamines in Bulgarian products. High performance liquid chromatography with UV detector was used for identification and quantitation. A standard solution of N-nitrosodiethanolamine was used as a reference substance and in the validation procedure of samples. The limit of detection of the method was determined to 14× 10^-9 g/mL. The results of the testing showed that analyzed organic foods produced in Bulgaria did not contain nitrosamines above the limit of detection of the method.

RELAP5 Code Study of ROSA/LSTF Experiments on PWR Safety System Using Steam Generator Secondary-Side Depressurization

RELAP5 （reactor excursion and leak analysis program, version 5） code analyses were performed on two ROSA/LSTF （rig of safety assessment/large scale test facility） experiments on PWR （pressurized water reactor） safety system that simulated cold leg small-break loss-of-coolant accidents with 8-in. or 4-in. diameter break using SG （steam generator） secondary-side depressurization. The SG depressurization was initiated by fully opening the depressurization valves in both SGs immediately after a safety injection signal. In the 8-in. break test, loop seal clearing occurred and then core uncovery and heatup took place by core boil-off. Core collapsed liquid level recovered after the initiation of accumulator coolant injection, and long-term core cooling was ensured by the actuation of low-pressure injection system. In the 4-in. break test, on the other hand, there was no core uncovery and heatup due to smaller break flow rate than in the 8-in. break test. Adjustment of Cd （break discharge coefficient） for two-phase discharge flow predicted the break flow rate reasonably well. The code well predicted the overall trend of the major thermal-hydraulic response observed in the two LSTF tests by the Cd adjustment. The code, however, overpredicted the peak cladding temperature because of underprediction of the core collapsed liquid level due to inadequate prediction of the accumulator flow rate in the 8-in. break case.

An innovative method to calculate oxygen consumption rate

Based on heat and mass transfer characteristics of spontaneous combustion of coal,Arrhenius equation and the Ranz-Marshall correlation,a novel approach was proposed in this paper to estimate oxygen consumption rate of self-ignition of coal at high temperature.Compared with the conventional methods,this approach involves not only kinetic properties of self-ignition of coal and temperature,but also the ambient air flow characteristics and diameter of coal particle.To testify the proposed approach,oxygen consumption rates at high temperature were measured by the programmable isothermal oven experiments.Comparisons between experimental and theoretical results indicate that the rates of oxygen depletion calculated by the proposed approach agree well with those measured from laboratory-scale experiments,which further validates the proposed approach.

Experiments on exactly computing non-linear energy transfer rate in MASNUM-WAM

The Webb-Resio-Tracy(WRT) method for exact computation of the non-linear energy transfer rate was implemented in MASNUM-WAM, which is a third-generation wave model solving the discrete spectral balance equation. In this paper, we describe the transformation of the spectral space in the original WRT method. Four numerical procedures were developed in which the acceleration techniques in the original WRT method, such as geometric scaling, pre-calculating, and grid-searching, are all reorganized. A series of numerical experiments including two simulations based on real data were performed. The availability of such implementation in both serial and parallel versions of the wave model was proved, and a comparison of computation times showed that some of the developed procedures provided good effi cacy. With exact computation of non-linear energy transfer, MASNUM-WAM now can be used to perform numerical experiments for research purposes, which augurs well for further developments of the model.

Calibration of a Microscopic Model of an Urban Traffic Network

Traffic simulation models have the potential to provide an objective, cost-effective and flexible approach to assessing system design, traffic operations and management strategies. In that regard, the calibration and validation of simulation model is crucial for appropriate decision making process. This paper presents an application of microscopic simulation model calibration and validation procedure for a multimodal urban traffic network. Model is developed by VISSIM and VISSIG software tools.