To compare the effects and adverse reactions of dihydrocodeine tartrate andcodeine phosphate in treating moderate cancer pain. Methods: Sixty-nine cases of cancer patientswith moderate pain were treated with dihydroco...To compare the effects and adverse reactions of dihydrocodeine tartrate andcodeine phosphate in treating moderate cancer pain. Methods: Sixty-nine cases of cancer patientswith moderate pain were treated with dihydrocodeine tartrate or codeine phosphate respectively bydouble-blind, controlled randomized methods and the effects and adverse reactions were observed.Results: After administration of dihydrocodeine tartrate or codeine phosphate, in treatment group orcontrol group, the total effective rate was 86.6% and 93.6%, and common adverse symptoms includedconstipation (31.3%/12.9%), nausea (18.8%/19.7%), gastric trouble (18.8%/19.7%), skin pruritus(12.5%/10%), vomit (9.3% and 6.5%) with the difference being not significant. Conclusion: Theeffects of dihydrocodeine tartrate in treating moderate cancer pain are similar to codeinephosphate. Both them can be used to treat moderate cancer pain.展开更多
The extracting liquid of gibberellins (Gibberella fujikuroi) from solid medium for was decolorized separately with 75%, 95% alcohol, and distilled water in static adsorption and vibrating way for different durations. ...The extracting liquid of gibberellins (Gibberella fujikuroi) from solid medium for was decolorized separately with 75%, 95% alcohol, and distilled water in static adsorption and vibrating way for different durations. The results showed that the content of GA3 in efflux extracted with alcohol is 10% higher than that with distilled water. With the increase of the durations of extraction, the content of GA3 increases and the dissolution of pigments also increase. For extraction of GA3 cultured in solid medium, the best decolorizing result was obtained when it was extracted with 75%-95% alcohol in static way for 1-3 h, or in a vibrating way for 30-60 min, and then to decolor in a static way for 30-60 min in 122 resin column.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the effects of osthole on fatty liver, and investigate the possible mechanism. METHODS： A quail model with hyperlipidemic fatty liver and rat model with alcoholic fatty liver were set up by feeding ...AIM： To evaluate the effects of osthole on fatty liver, and investigate the possible mechanism. METHODS： A quail model with hyperlipidemic fatty liver and rat model with alcoholic fatty liver were set up by feeding high fat diet and alcohol, respectively. These experimental animals were then treated with osthole 5-20 mg/kg for 6 wk, respectively. Whereafter, the lipid in serum and hepatic tissue, and coefficient of hepatic weight were measured. RESULTS： After treatment with osthole the levels of serum total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, lower density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C）, coefficient of hepatic weight, and the hepatic tissue contents of TC and TG were significantly decreased. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in liver was improved. In alcohol-induced fatty liver rats, the level of malondialdehyde （MDA） in liver was decreased. In high fat-induced fatty liver quails, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-PX） in liver was significantly improved. The histological evaluation of liver specimens demonstrated that the osthole dramatically decreased lipid accumulation. CONCLUSION： These results suggested that osthole had therapeutic effects on both alcohol and high fatinduced fatty liver. The mechanism might be associated with its antioxidation.展开更多
In order to domesticate H. azurea （Halopegia azurea）, acclimatization of rhizome＇s cuttings and young shoots in farms was tested at Nkol Evodo village from February 2012 to June 2012. The best substrate for propaga...In order to domesticate H. azurea （Halopegia azurea）, acclimatization of rhizome＇s cuttings and young shoots in farms was tested at Nkol Evodo village from February 2012 to June 2012. The best substrate for propagation was assessed： （0） wetland; （1） sand/wetland; （2） sawdust/wetland; （3） sand/sawdust/wetland. Young shoots＇ growth was observed in situ for 8 weeks. A significant difference （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the appearance of young shoots and leaves in nursery. The highest average number of young shoots and leaves （0.62 ± 0.09） was found in substrates 0 and 1, the lowest （0.31 ± 0.08） in substrate 3. Substrate 3 showed the lowest number of young leaves （0.41 ± 0.16） and substrate 2 the highest （0.97 ±0.24）. A significant difference in the mortality rate of cuttings （P 〈 0.05） was observed： 68.75% and 53.12% in substrates 2 and 3, respectively. On farm, new leaves and young shoots＇ appearance showed a highly significant difference. Plants growing in substrates 2 and 3 showed the highest number of leaves. New shoots developed only in plants growing in substrates 0 and 1. These results suggest that it is possible to domesticate H. azurea for leaves＇ production in quantity and quality, and open up better opportunities for its cultivation.展开更多
The binary liquid-liquid equilibrium(LLE) data for salt-containing systems of 1-butanol+water+CaCl2, n-butyl acetate+water+CaCl2 and ethyl acetate+acetic acid+water+CaCl2 were determined and the salt effect was analyz...The binary liquid-liquid equilibrium(LLE) data for salt-containing systems of 1-butanol+water+CaCl2, n-butyl acetate+water+CaCl2 and ethyl acetate+acetic acid+water+CaCl2 were determined and the salt effect was analyzed. The results showed that an obvious salt effect could be identified for the systems of 1-butanol+water+CaCl2 and ethyl acetate+acetic acid+water.展开更多
AIM: Oxygen free radical mediated tissue damage is well established in pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP).Whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a deleterious or a protective role is unknown. In alcohol-induced AP, we s...AIM: Oxygen free radical mediated tissue damage is well established in pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP).Whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a deleterious or a protective role is unknown. In alcohol-induced AP, we studied NO, lipooxidative damage and glutathione in pancreas, lung and circulation.METHODS: AP was induced in rats (n = 25) by injection of ethyl alcohol into the common biliary duct. A sham laparatomy was performed in controls (n = 15). After 24 h the animals were killed, blood and tissue sampling were done.RESULTS: Histopathologic evidence confirmed the development of AP. Marked changes were observed in the pulmonary tissue. Compared with controls, the AP group displayed higher values for NO metabolites in pancreas and lungs, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in circulation. Glutathione was lower in pancreas and in circulation. Glutathione and NO were positively correlated in pancreas and lungs of controls but negatively correlated in circulation of experimental group. In the experimental group, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were negatively correlated with pancreas thiobarbituric acid reactive substances but positively correlated with pancreas NO.CONCLUSION: NO increases in both pancreas and lungs in AP and NO contributes to the pathogenesis of AP under oxidative stress.展开更多
In the era of experience economy, customers do not always focus on the functional attributes of goods or services, but pay more attention to experiences. Therefore, firms have to manage to offer their customers a uniq...In the era of experience economy, customers do not always focus on the functional attributes of goods or services, but pay more attention to experiences. Therefore, firms have to manage to offer their customers a unique, memorable and valuable experience actively in the process brand establishment. With the development of mobile Internet and the use of application （APP）, the brand communication among customers and providers has been strengthened. The research purpose is to help hotel marketers figure out how to implement brand communication with brand experience of APP for hotel. It is founded that sensory brand experience design and social brand experience all have positive influence on customer brand loyalty.展开更多
AIM:To investigate free-radical scavenger effect of n- acetylcysteine in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol. METHODS:Twenty-four rats divided into three groups were fed with ethanol (6 g/kg/day,Group 1),ethanol an...AIM:To investigate free-radical scavenger effect of n- acetylcysteine in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol. METHODS:Twenty-four rats divided into three groups were fed with ethanol (6 g/kg/day,Group 1),ethanol and n- acetylcysteine (1 g/kg,Group 2),or isocaloric dextrose (control group,Group 3) for 4 weeks.Then animals were sacrificed under ether anesthesia,and intracardiac blood and liver tissues were obtained.Measurements were made in both serum and homogenized liver tissues. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by TBARS method.Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were studied by commercial kits. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS:ALT and AST in Group 1 (154 U/L and 302 U/L, respectively) were higher than those in Group 2 (94 U/L and 155 U/L) and Group 3 (99 U/L and 168 U/L) (P=0.001 for both).Serum and tissue levels of MDA in Group 1 (1.84 nmol/mL and 96 nmol/100 mg-protein) were higher than that in Group 2 (0.91 nmol/mL and 64 nmol/100 mg protein) and Group 3 (0.94 nmol/ml and 49 nmol/100 mg-protein) (P<0.001 for both).On the other hand,serum GSH-Px level in Group 1 (8.21 U/g Hb) was lower than that in Group 2 (16 U/g Hb) and Group 3 (16 U/g-Hb) (P<0.001).Serum and liver tissue levels of SOD in Group 1 (11 U/mL and 26 U/100 rag-protein) were lower than that in Group 2 (18 U/ mL and 60 U/100 mg protein) and Group 3 (20 U/mL and 60 U/100 rag-protein) (P<0.001 for both). CONCLUSION:Ethanol-induced liver damage was associated with oxidative stress,and co-administration of n-acetylolsteine attenuates this damage effectively in rat model.展开更多
A laboratory-scale MFC （microbial fuel cell） was studied in order to determine the capacity and the efficiency of electricity production in microbial fuel cell system by using microorganisms. The medium used is an i...A laboratory-scale MFC （microbial fuel cell） was studied in order to determine the capacity and the efficiency of electricity production in microbial fuel cell system by using microorganisms. The medium used is an isolated culture ofSaccharomces cereviciae. A number of media has been evaluated to provide the best growth phase for Saccharomces cereviciae using optical density method with spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 550 nm. Nation 117, Lyntech, USA is used as proton exchange membrane and graphites with surface area 1.46 x 10.3 m2 are used as cathodes. Cathode chamber is fulfilled with a mixture of electrolyte compounds K3Fe（CN）6 and a buffer solution. Microbes that have been cultured are applied into anode chamber. A number of factors need to be controlled so that microbes can generate electrical energy efficiently, such as by measuring the degree of acidity and DO value in the anode compartment. In this research, the usage of riboflavin as a mediator is also investigated, while the usage of riboflavin increase production efficiency 53.90% compare to MFC without riboflavin as a mediator.展开更多
文摘To compare the effects and adverse reactions of dihydrocodeine tartrate andcodeine phosphate in treating moderate cancer pain. Methods: Sixty-nine cases of cancer patientswith moderate pain were treated with dihydrocodeine tartrate or codeine phosphate respectively bydouble-blind, controlled randomized methods and the effects and adverse reactions were observed.Results: After administration of dihydrocodeine tartrate or codeine phosphate, in treatment group orcontrol group, the total effective rate was 86.6% and 93.6%, and common adverse symptoms includedconstipation (31.3%/12.9%), nausea (18.8%/19.7%), gastric trouble (18.8%/19.7%), skin pruritus(12.5%/10%), vomit (9.3% and 6.5%) with the difference being not significant. Conclusion: Theeffects of dihydrocodeine tartrate in treating moderate cancer pain are similar to codeinephosphate. Both them can be used to treat moderate cancer pain.
文摘The extracting liquid of gibberellins (Gibberella fujikuroi) from solid medium for was decolorized separately with 75%, 95% alcohol, and distilled water in static adsorption and vibrating way for different durations. The results showed that the content of GA3 in efflux extracted with alcohol is 10% higher than that with distilled water. With the increase of the durations of extraction, the content of GA3 increases and the dissolution of pigments also increase. For extraction of GA3 cultured in solid medium, the best decolorizing result was obtained when it was extracted with 75%-95% alcohol in static way for 1-3 h, or in a vibrating way for 30-60 min, and then to decolor in a static way for 30-60 min in 122 resin column.
文摘AIM： To evaluate the effects of osthole on fatty liver, and investigate the possible mechanism. METHODS： A quail model with hyperlipidemic fatty liver and rat model with alcoholic fatty liver were set up by feeding high fat diet and alcohol, respectively. These experimental animals were then treated with osthole 5-20 mg/kg for 6 wk, respectively. Whereafter, the lipid in serum and hepatic tissue, and coefficient of hepatic weight were measured. RESULTS： After treatment with osthole the levels of serum total cholesterol （TC）, triglyceride （TG）, lower density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C）, coefficient of hepatic weight, and the hepatic tissue contents of TC and TG were significantly decreased. The activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in liver was improved. In alcohol-induced fatty liver rats, the level of malondialdehyde （MDA） in liver was decreased. In high fat-induced fatty liver quails, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-PX） in liver was significantly improved. The histological evaluation of liver specimens demonstrated that the osthole dramatically decreased lipid accumulation. CONCLUSION： These results suggested that osthole had therapeutic effects on both alcohol and high fatinduced fatty liver. The mechanism might be associated with its antioxidation.
文摘In order to domesticate H. azurea （Halopegia azurea）, acclimatization of rhizome＇s cuttings and young shoots in farms was tested at Nkol Evodo village from February 2012 to June 2012. The best substrate for propagation was assessed： （0） wetland; （1） sand/wetland; （2） sawdust/wetland; （3） sand/sawdust/wetland. Young shoots＇ growth was observed in situ for 8 weeks. A significant difference （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the appearance of young shoots and leaves in nursery. The highest average number of young shoots and leaves （0.62 ± 0.09） was found in substrates 0 and 1, the lowest （0.31 ± 0.08） in substrate 3. Substrate 3 showed the lowest number of young leaves （0.41 ± 0.16） and substrate 2 the highest （0.97 ±0.24）. A significant difference in the mortality rate of cuttings （P 〈 0.05） was observed： 68.75% and 53.12% in substrates 2 and 3, respectively. On farm, new leaves and young shoots＇ appearance showed a highly significant difference. Plants growing in substrates 2 and 3 showed the highest number of leaves. New shoots developed only in plants growing in substrates 0 and 1. These results suggest that it is possible to domesticate H. azurea for leaves＇ production in quantity and quality, and open up better opportunities for its cultivation.
文摘The binary liquid-liquid equilibrium(LLE) data for salt-containing systems of 1-butanol+water+CaCl2, n-butyl acetate+water+CaCl2 and ethyl acetate+acetic acid+water+CaCl2 were determined and the salt effect was analyzed. The results showed that an obvious salt effect could be identified for the systems of 1-butanol+water+CaCl2 and ethyl acetate+acetic acid+water.
文摘AIM: Oxygen free radical mediated tissue damage is well established in pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP).Whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a deleterious or a protective role is unknown. In alcohol-induced AP, we studied NO, lipooxidative damage and glutathione in pancreas, lung and circulation.METHODS: AP was induced in rats (n = 25) by injection of ethyl alcohol into the common biliary duct. A sham laparatomy was performed in controls (n = 15). After 24 h the animals were killed, blood and tissue sampling were done.RESULTS: Histopathologic evidence confirmed the development of AP. Marked changes were observed in the pulmonary tissue. Compared with controls, the AP group displayed higher values for NO metabolites in pancreas and lungs, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in circulation. Glutathione was lower in pancreas and in circulation. Glutathione and NO were positively correlated in pancreas and lungs of controls but negatively correlated in circulation of experimental group. In the experimental group, plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were negatively correlated with pancreas thiobarbituric acid reactive substances but positively correlated with pancreas NO.CONCLUSION: NO increases in both pancreas and lungs in AP and NO contributes to the pathogenesis of AP under oxidative stress.
文摘In the era of experience economy, customers do not always focus on the functional attributes of goods or services, but pay more attention to experiences. Therefore, firms have to manage to offer their customers a unique, memorable and valuable experience actively in the process brand establishment. With the development of mobile Internet and the use of application （APP）, the brand communication among customers and providers has been strengthened. The research purpose is to help hotel marketers figure out how to implement brand communication with brand experience of APP for hotel. It is founded that sensory brand experience design and social brand experience all have positive influence on customer brand loyalty.
基金the research Fund of the University of Istanbul,Project Number:T-589/240698
文摘AIM:To investigate free-radical scavenger effect of n- acetylcysteine in rats intragastrically fed with ethanol. METHODS:Twenty-four rats divided into three groups were fed with ethanol (6 g/kg/day,Group 1),ethanol and n- acetylcysteine (1 g/kg,Group 2),or isocaloric dextrose (control group,Group 3) for 4 weeks.Then animals were sacrificed under ether anesthesia,and intracardiac blood and liver tissues were obtained.Measurements were made in both serum and homogenized liver tissues. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by TBARS method.Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were studied by commercial kits. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS:ALT and AST in Group 1 (154 U/L and 302 U/L, respectively) were higher than those in Group 2 (94 U/L and 155 U/L) and Group 3 (99 U/L and 168 U/L) (P=0.001 for both).Serum and tissue levels of MDA in Group 1 (1.84 nmol/mL and 96 nmol/100 mg-protein) were higher than that in Group 2 (0.91 nmol/mL and 64 nmol/100 mg protein) and Group 3 (0.94 nmol/ml and 49 nmol/100 mg-protein) (P<0.001 for both).On the other hand,serum GSH-Px level in Group 1 (8.21 U/g Hb) was lower than that in Group 2 (16 U/g Hb) and Group 3 (16 U/g-Hb) (P<0.001).Serum and liver tissue levels of SOD in Group 1 (11 U/mL and 26 U/100 rag-protein) were lower than that in Group 2 (18 U/ mL and 60 U/100 mg protein) and Group 3 (20 U/mL and 60 U/100 rag-protein) (P<0.001 for both). CONCLUSION:Ethanol-induced liver damage was associated with oxidative stress,and co-administration of n-acetylolsteine attenuates this damage effectively in rat model.
文摘A laboratory-scale MFC （microbial fuel cell） was studied in order to determine the capacity and the efficiency of electricity production in microbial fuel cell system by using microorganisms. The medium used is an isolated culture ofSaccharomces cereviciae. A number of media has been evaluated to provide the best growth phase for Saccharomces cereviciae using optical density method with spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 550 nm. Nation 117, Lyntech, USA is used as proton exchange membrane and graphites with surface area 1.46 x 10.3 m2 are used as cathodes. Cathode chamber is fulfilled with a mixture of electrolyte compounds K3Fe（CN）6 and a buffer solution. Microbes that have been cultured are applied into anode chamber. A number of factors need to be controlled so that microbes can generate electrical energy efficiently, such as by measuring the degree of acidity and DO value in the anode compartment. In this research, the usage of riboflavin as a mediator is also investigated, while the usage of riboflavin increase production efficiency 53.90% compare to MFC without riboflavin as a mediator.
