随着人类社会的发展和人口老龄化的进程,骨关节疾病已成为危害人类健康的严重疾患,其危害性日益受到世界各国的广泛关注。为了积极应对骨与关节疾病的严峻挑战、全面改善人类健康状况和提高生活质量,在联合国支持下建立了“骨与关节十年...随着人类社会的发展和人口老龄化的进程,骨关节疾病已成为危害人类健康的严重疾患,其危害性日益受到世界各国的广泛关注。为了积极应对骨与关节疾病的严峻挑战、全面改善人类健康状况和提高生活质量,在联合国支持下建立了“骨与关节十年(Bone and Joint Decade 2000～2010,简称BJD)”国际性合作组织,得到世界上很多国家和地区的响应。2000年1月世界卫生组织(WHO)正式宣布实施“骨与关节十年”计划,2002年9月在巴西里约热内卢召开“骨与关节十年”国家协调员会议,回顾了BJD自发起以来所取得的成就并提出今后的工作重点。作者作为BJD中国协调员分别代表中国与亚洲在“骨与关节十年2000-2010全球宣言”上签字,大会还确定2003年“骨与关节十年”会议在中国北京召开。本文就“骨与关节十年”的缘起和发展,结合我国骨关节疾病的实际,从人口、医疗资源配置、骨关节疾病预防和监测、骨关节创伤、骨质疏松性骨折、类风湿性关节炎、腰痛等方面阐述了我国“骨与关节十年”的现状及发展;进一步大力推进我国“骨与关节十年”事业的发展必将对全面提高我国国民健康素质作出积极贡献。展开更多
“骨与关节健康十年”（Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010，BJD），是当今世界正在开展的一项全球性运动。2000年世界卫生组织（WHO）总部宣布BJD计划开始实施。中国已于2002年正式宣布2002-2011年为中国的“骨与关节健康十年”。2004年...“骨与关节健康十年”（Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010，BJD），是当今世界正在开展的一项全球性运动。2000年世界卫生组织（WHO）总部宣布BJD计划开始实施。中国已于2002年正式宣布2002-2011年为中国的“骨与关节健康十年”。2004年9月在北京召开了BJD的全球会议，在倡导健康运动的大主题下，有一个很重要的议题就是教育。展开更多
Objective： To establish a method of culture and expansion of adult human bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro and to explore their biological properties. Methods： Mononuclear cells were obtained from 5 mL adult human b...Objective： To establish a method of culture and expansion of adult human bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro and to explore their biological properties. Methods： Mononuclear cells were obtained from 5 mL adult human bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation with Percoll solution. Adult human MSCs were cultured in Dulbecco＇s Modified Eagle＇s Medium with low glucose （LG-DMEM） containing 10% fetal calf serum at a density of 2×10^5 cell/cm^2. The morphocytology was observed under phase-contrast microscope. The cell growth was measured by MTT method. The flow cytometer was performed to examine the expression of cell surface molecules and cell cycle. The ultrastructure of MSCs was observed under transmission electron microscope. The immunomodulatory functions of MSCs were measured by MTT method. The effects of MSCs on the growth of K562 cells and the dynamic change of HA, IV-C, LN concentration in the culture supernatant of MSCs was also observed. Results： The MSCs harvested in this study were homogenous population and exhibited a spindle-shaped fibroblastic morphology. The cell growth curve showed that MSCs had a strong ability of proliferation. The cells were positive for CD44, while negative for hematopoietic cell surface marker such as CD3, CD4, CD7, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD19, CD22, CD33, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR, which was closely related to graft versus host disease. Above 90% cells of MSCs were found at G0/G1 phase. The ultrastructure of MSCs indicated that there were plenty of cytoplasmic organelles. Allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferation was suppressed by MSCs and the inhibition ratio was 60.68% （P〈0.01）. The suppressive effect was also existed in the culture supernatant of MSCs and the inhibition ratio was 9.00% （P〈0.05）. When lymphocytes were stimulated by PHA, the suppression effects of the culture supernatant were even stronger and the inhibition ratio was 20.91% （P〈0.01）. Compared with the cell growth curve of the K562 ceils alone, the K562 ceils cocultured with MSCs grew slowly and the exponential phase of growth wasn＇t significant. Seeing from the concentration curve, as time passed, the concentration of HA increased quickly, while those of IV-C and LN didn＇t change much. Conclusion： The method for culture and expansion of adult human bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro has been successfully established in this study. MSCs were a homogenous population that had unique growth phenotype and multilineage potential. Preliminary study proved that it had the abilities of immunomodulatory function, antitumor, hematopoietic supporting and could act as seed cell of tissue engineering.展开更多
This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physio...This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes.展开更多
Thirty cases of vertebral-artery-type cervical spondylopathy were treated by Dr. Zhang Tao's technique. The cure rate was 50%, and the total effective rate was 100%.
According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by th... According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by the method of reinforcing the kidney to strengthen the bone, with satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.……展开更多
Objective:To explore the prevalence rate of knee joint osteoarthritis and its pathogenetic fea- tures among the middle-aged and old aged people in the urban and rural area of Xi'an.Methods:From May to October 2005...Objective:To explore the prevalence rate of knee joint osteoarthritis and its pathogenetic fea- tures among the middle-aged and old aged people in the urban and rural area of Xi'an.Methods:From May to October 2005,1538 Han nationality above 40 years in Xi'an were investigated according to strati- fied and cluster random sampling.The same questionnaire was delivered to subjects who had been given normotopia and lateral position radiographic examination in both knees.Excluded from etiological arthri- tis,some subjects with clinical symptoms and a radiographic grade (beyond Kellgren & Lawrence gradeⅡ) were finally diagnosed as spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis.All analyses were performed with SPSS 13.0 and t test,U test.Single factor analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze dates.Results:The total prevalence of spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis was 12.1% with 2.5% and 2.1% for right and left knees,respectively.The prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis in wom- en was 2.5 times of that in men (17.2% vs 6.8%,P=0.000).the osteophyte prevalence in women was 2.3 times of that in men (26.5% vs 11.4%,P=0.000).The prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis and osteophyte increased with the growth of age.So did the symptomatic knee,except for the age group of 56- 60 years and 66-70 years.The prevalence of symptomatic knee joint for urban area was significantly higher than that for rural area (56.3% vs 45.3%,P=0.003).In women,the prevalence of knee joint os- teoarthritis increased significantly with the increasing of body mass index,which had not been observed in men.Female and obesity are the risk factors for osteoarthritis,but bean and its products and meat could prevent the osteoarthritis.Conclusion:Old age,female and obesity serve as risk factors for knee joint os- teoarthritis.展开更多
Fractures are one of the most common causes of disability in older women. The quantity and density of bone decreases with age. Most types of fractures increase as bone density declines. But most of the knowledge abou...Fractures are one of the most common causes of disability in older women. The quantity and density of bone decreases with age. Most types of fractures increase as bone density declines. But most of the knowledge about causes and prevention of fractures comes from studies performed in Western countries. Asian women appear to have similar or slightly lower bone density that may be a result of their smaller size. They appear to have a lower risk of hip fracture than Whites, which may be a result of their shorter hip axis. The risks of other types of fractures in Chinese women is less well defined and reasons for differences in the rates of osteoporotic fractures between China and Western countries remain to be explored. A study is underway in Beijing to describe the risks and potential causes of fractures among older women in urban China. Randomized trials in Western countries have demonstrated that calcium and vitamin D, estrogen, calcitonin,or bisphosphonates can reduce the rate of fractures. Increased intake of calcium and vitamin D may be the most effective approach to preventing fractures in China, but this should be tested in a randomized trial.展开更多
Objective: To explore the possible factors influencing lumbar spinal bone mineral contents and bone mineral densities in Chinese adolescents with early ankylosing spondylitis(AS). Methods: Thirty-one male Chinese adol...Objective: To explore the possible factors influencing lumbar spinal bone mineral contents and bone mineral densities in Chinese adolescents with early ankylosing spondylitis(AS). Methods: Thirty-one male Chinese adolescent outpatients with early AS were included and compared with 31 age-matched male controls. Age (year), height (cm), total body weight (kg) together with body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2) of all subjects and disease duration (month), BASMI, BASFI, BASDAI, SASSS as well as ESR (mm/h) of AS patients were obtained. Lumbar 2-4 bone mineral content (L 2-4BMC, g) and lumbar 2-4 areal bone mineral density (L 2-4 BMD, g/cm 2) were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) with Lunar DPX-IQ device and lumbar 2-4 volumetric bone mineral apparent density (L 2-4 BMAD, g/cm 3) was subsequently calculated. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Compared with 31 age-matched male controls, AS patients had significantly lower L 2-4BMD [(0.984±0.142) g/cm 2 vs (1.055±0.137) g/cm 2, P=0.049] and L 2-4BMAD [(0.1527±0.0173) g/cm 3 vs (0.1630±0.0195) g/cm 3, P=0.032]. In AS patients, multiple regression analysis identified that only the factor of height was significantly correlated with L 2-4BMC (R=0.673, P=0.000) and the factor of weight had predominant influences on L 2-4BMD (R=0.620, P=0.000) as well as L 2-4BMAD (R=0.510, P=0.003). Conclusion: The young patients with early AS had marked reduction in lumbar spine bone mineral densities, which indicated an important primary event leading to osteoporosis. Positive effects of height and weight on lumbar spine bone mass and densities could expectantly make favorable contributions to early prevention of AS associated bone loss and subsequent osteoporosis.展开更多
This integrative review is to identify the factors associated with balance function in patients with knee osteoarthritis and explore the relationship between these factors and balance function.Osteoarthritis commonly ...This integrative review is to identify the factors associated with balance function in patients with knee osteoarthritis and explore the relationship between these factors and balance function.Osteoarthritis commonly occurs in elderly people.Patients with knee osteoarthritis have balance impairment,and maintaining knee stability is important for such patients to prevent accidental injuries caused by falling.Therefore,it is important to clarify the factors related to balance function in patients with knee osteo-arthritis.The PubMed,Science Direct,CINAHL,Ovid,ProQuest,CNKI,WanFang databases were searched,and relevant articles published up to December 2015 were included.Twenty articles were included in the analysis.Age,gender,dominant limb,foot length,knee alignment,diurnal variation,and meniscus tears were the non-modifiable factors,whereas body mass index,knee pain,muscle strength,joint range of motion,severity,and cognitive loading were the modifiable factors.Knee sleeve and custom-molded insoles showed protective effects against knee osteoarthritis.展开更多
Genual osteoarthritis is a commonly-encountered affection in the middle-aged and oldpersons.The author has treated 65 cases of genualosteoarthritis with massotherapy in the past threeyears,with satisfactory therapeuti...Genual osteoarthritis is a commonly-encountered affection in the middle-aged and oldpersons.The author has treated 65 cases of genualosteoarthritis with massotherapy in the past threeyears,with satisfactory therapeutic results reported asfollows.展开更多
文摘随着人类社会的发展和人口老龄化的进程,骨关节疾病已成为危害人类健康的严重疾患,其危害性日益受到世界各国的广泛关注。为了积极应对骨与关节疾病的严峻挑战、全面改善人类健康状况和提高生活质量,在联合国支持下建立了“骨与关节十年(Bone and Joint Decade 2000～2010,简称BJD)”国际性合作组织,得到世界上很多国家和地区的响应。2000年1月世界卫生组织(WHO)正式宣布实施“骨与关节十年”计划,2002年9月在巴西里约热内卢召开“骨与关节十年”国家协调员会议,回顾了BJD自发起以来所取得的成就并提出今后的工作重点。作者作为BJD中国协调员分别代表中国与亚洲在“骨与关节十年2000-2010全球宣言”上签字,大会还确定2003年“骨与关节十年”会议在中国北京召开。本文就“骨与关节十年”的缘起和发展,结合我国骨关节疾病的实际,从人口、医疗资源配置、骨关节疾病预防和监测、骨关节创伤、骨质疏松性骨折、类风湿性关节炎、腰痛等方面阐述了我国“骨与关节十年”的现状及发展;进一步大力推进我国“骨与关节十年”事业的发展必将对全面提高我国国民健康素质作出积极贡献。
文摘“骨与关节健康十年”（Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010，BJD），是当今世界正在开展的一项全球性运动。2000年世界卫生组织（WHO）总部宣布BJD计划开始实施。中国已于2002年正式宣布2002-2011年为中国的“骨与关节健康十年”。2004年9月在北京召开了BJD的全球会议，在倡导健康运动的大主题下，有一个很重要的议题就是教育。
基金Supported by the grant from Lanzhou Command Medical Research Foundation (No. LXH-2005013).
文摘Objective： To establish a method of culture and expansion of adult human bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro and to explore their biological properties. Methods： Mononuclear cells were obtained from 5 mL adult human bone marrow by density gradient centrifugation with Percoll solution. Adult human MSCs were cultured in Dulbecco＇s Modified Eagle＇s Medium with low glucose （LG-DMEM） containing 10% fetal calf serum at a density of 2×10^5 cell/cm^2. The morphocytology was observed under phase-contrast microscope. The cell growth was measured by MTT method. The flow cytometer was performed to examine the expression of cell surface molecules and cell cycle. The ultrastructure of MSCs was observed under transmission electron microscope. The immunomodulatory functions of MSCs were measured by MTT method. The effects of MSCs on the growth of K562 cells and the dynamic change of HA, IV-C, LN concentration in the culture supernatant of MSCs was also observed. Results： The MSCs harvested in this study were homogenous population and exhibited a spindle-shaped fibroblastic morphology. The cell growth curve showed that MSCs had a strong ability of proliferation. The cells were positive for CD44, while negative for hematopoietic cell surface marker such as CD3, CD4, CD7, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD19, CD22, CD33, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR, which was closely related to graft versus host disease. Above 90% cells of MSCs were found at G0/G1 phase. The ultrastructure of MSCs indicated that there were plenty of cytoplasmic organelles. Allogeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes proliferation was suppressed by MSCs and the inhibition ratio was 60.68% （P〈0.01）. The suppressive effect was also existed in the culture supernatant of MSCs and the inhibition ratio was 9.00% （P〈0.05）. When lymphocytes were stimulated by PHA, the suppression effects of the culture supernatant were even stronger and the inhibition ratio was 20.91% （P〈0.01）. Compared with the cell growth curve of the K562 ceils alone, the K562 ceils cocultured with MSCs grew slowly and the exponential phase of growth wasn＇t significant. Seeing from the concentration curve, as time passed, the concentration of HA increased quickly, while those of IV-C and LN didn＇t change much. Conclusion： The method for culture and expansion of adult human bone marrow-derived MSCs in vitro has been successfully established in this study. MSCs were a homogenous population that had unique growth phenotype and multilineage potential. Preliminary study proved that it had the abilities of immunomodulatory function, antitumor, hematopoietic supporting and could act as seed cell of tissue engineering.
文摘This review provides information on the definition of constipation, normal continence and defecation and a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of constipation. In addition, changes in the anatomy and physiology of the lower gastrointestinal tract associated with aging that may contribute to constipation are described. MEDLINE (1966-2007) and CINAHL (1980-2007) were searched. The following MeSH terms were used: constipation/etiology OR constipation/ physiology OR constipation/physiopathology) AND (age factors OR aged OR older OR 80 and over OR middle age). Constipation is not well defined in the literature. While self-reported constipation increases with age, findings from a limited number of clinical studies that utilized objective measures do not support this association. Dysmotility and pelvic floor dysfunction are important mechanisms associated with constipation. Changes in GI function associated with aging appear to be relatively subtle based on a limited amount of conflicting data. Additional research is warranted on the effects of aging on GI function, as well as on the timing of these changes.
文摘Thirty cases of vertebral-artery-type cervical spondylopathy were treated by Dr. Zhang Tao's technique. The cure rate was 50%, and the total effective rate was 100%.
文摘 According to the TCM theory that the kidney is in charge of the bone, the authors carried out a study on the effect of acupuncture on bone mineral density in 40 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated by the method of reinforcing the kidney to strengthen the bone, with satisfactory therapeutic results reported as follows.……
基金Supported by the National Key Technologenetic Research Development Program during the 10th Five-year Planning(No.2004-BA702B06)
文摘Objective:To explore the prevalence rate of knee joint osteoarthritis and its pathogenetic fea- tures among the middle-aged and old aged people in the urban and rural area of Xi'an.Methods:From May to October 2005,1538 Han nationality above 40 years in Xi'an were investigated according to strati- fied and cluster random sampling.The same questionnaire was delivered to subjects who had been given normotopia and lateral position radiographic examination in both knees.Excluded from etiological arthri- tis,some subjects with clinical symptoms and a radiographic grade (beyond Kellgren & Lawrence gradeⅡ) were finally diagnosed as spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis.All analyses were performed with SPSS 13.0 and t test,U test.Single factor analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze dates.Results:The total prevalence of spontaneous knee joint osteoarthritis was 12.1% with 2.5% and 2.1% for right and left knees,respectively.The prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis in wom- en was 2.5 times of that in men (17.2% vs 6.8%,P=0.000).the osteophyte prevalence in women was 2.3 times of that in men (26.5% vs 11.4%,P=0.000).The prevalence of knee joint osteoarthritis and osteophyte increased with the growth of age.So did the symptomatic knee,except for the age group of 56- 60 years and 66-70 years.The prevalence of symptomatic knee joint for urban area was significantly higher than that for rural area (56.3% vs 45.3%,P=0.003).In women,the prevalence of knee joint os- teoarthritis increased significantly with the increasing of body mass index,which had not been observed in men.Female and obesity are the risk factors for osteoarthritis,but bean and its products and meat could prevent the osteoarthritis.Conclusion:Old age,female and obesity serve as risk factors for knee joint os- teoarthritis.
文摘Fractures are one of the most common causes of disability in older women. The quantity and density of bone decreases with age. Most types of fractures increase as bone density declines. But most of the knowledge about causes and prevention of fractures comes from studies performed in Western countries. Asian women appear to have similar or slightly lower bone density that may be a result of their smaller size. They appear to have a lower risk of hip fracture than Whites, which may be a result of their shorter hip axis. The risks of other types of fractures in Chinese women is less well defined and reasons for differences in the rates of osteoporotic fractures between China and Western countries remain to be explored. A study is underway in Beijing to describe the risks and potential causes of fractures among older women in urban China. Randomized trials in Western countries have demonstrated that calcium and vitamin D, estrogen, calcitonin,or bisphosphonates can reduce the rate of fractures. Increased intake of calcium and vitamin D may be the most effective approach to preventing fractures in China, but this should be tested in a randomized trial.
文摘Objective: To explore the possible factors influencing lumbar spinal bone mineral contents and bone mineral densities in Chinese adolescents with early ankylosing spondylitis(AS). Methods: Thirty-one male Chinese adolescent outpatients with early AS were included and compared with 31 age-matched male controls. Age (year), height (cm), total body weight (kg) together with body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2) of all subjects and disease duration (month), BASMI, BASFI, BASDAI, SASSS as well as ESR (mm/h) of AS patients were obtained. Lumbar 2-4 bone mineral content (L 2-4BMC, g) and lumbar 2-4 areal bone mineral density (L 2-4 BMD, g/cm 2) were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) with Lunar DPX-IQ device and lumbar 2-4 volumetric bone mineral apparent density (L 2-4 BMAD, g/cm 3) was subsequently calculated. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results: Compared with 31 age-matched male controls, AS patients had significantly lower L 2-4BMD [(0.984±0.142) g/cm 2 vs (1.055±0.137) g/cm 2, P=0.049] and L 2-4BMAD [(0.1527±0.0173) g/cm 3 vs (0.1630±0.0195) g/cm 3, P=0.032]. In AS patients, multiple regression analysis identified that only the factor of height was significantly correlated with L 2-4BMC (R=0.673, P=0.000) and the factor of weight had predominant influences on L 2-4BMD (R=0.620, P=0.000) as well as L 2-4BMAD (R=0.510, P=0.003). Conclusion: The young patients with early AS had marked reduction in lumbar spine bone mineral densities, which indicated an important primary event leading to osteoporosis. Positive effects of height and weight on lumbar spine bone mass and densities could expectantly make favorable contributions to early prevention of AS associated bone loss and subsequent osteoporosis.
文摘This integrative review is to identify the factors associated with balance function in patients with knee osteoarthritis and explore the relationship between these factors and balance function.Osteoarthritis commonly occurs in elderly people.Patients with knee osteoarthritis have balance impairment,and maintaining knee stability is important for such patients to prevent accidental injuries caused by falling.Therefore,it is important to clarify the factors related to balance function in patients with knee osteo-arthritis.The PubMed,Science Direct,CINAHL,Ovid,ProQuest,CNKI,WanFang databases were searched,and relevant articles published up to December 2015 were included.Twenty articles were included in the analysis.Age,gender,dominant limb,foot length,knee alignment,diurnal variation,and meniscus tears were the non-modifiable factors,whereas body mass index,knee pain,muscle strength,joint range of motion,severity,and cognitive loading were the modifiable factors.Knee sleeve and custom-molded insoles showed protective effects against knee osteoarthritis.
文摘Genual osteoarthritis is a commonly-encountered affection in the middle-aged and oldpersons.The author has treated 65 cases of genualosteoarthritis with massotherapy in the past threeyears,with satisfactory therapeutic results reported asfollows.
