Objective: The results of a previous study showed that a clear dysregulation was evident in the global gene expression of the BCL11A-suppressed B-lymphoma cells. In this study, the bone morphogenetic protein receptor,...Objective: The results of a previous study showed that a clear dysregulation was evident in the global gene expression of the BCL11A-suppressed B-lymphoma cells. In this study, the bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II(BMPR2), E1 A binding protein p300(EP300), transforming growth factor-β2(TGFβ2), and tumor necrosis factor, and alpha-induced protein 3(TNFAIP3) gene expression patterns in B-cell malignancies were studied. Methods: The relative expression levels of BMPR2, EP300, TGFβ2, and TNFAIP3 mRNA in B-lymphoma cell lines, myeloid cell lines, as well as in cells from healthy volunteers, were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptpolymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) with SYBR Green Dye. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) was used as reference. Results: The expression level of TGFβ2 mRNA in B-lymphoma cell lines was significantly higher than those in the cells from the healthy control(P<0.05). However, the expression level of TNFAIP3 mRNA in B-malignant cells was significantly lower than that of the healthy control(P<0.05). The expression levels of BMPR2 and EP300 mRNA showed no significant difference between B-malignant cell lines and the healthy group(P>0.05). In B-lymphoma cell lines, correlation analyses revealed that the expression of BMPR2 and TNFAIP3(r=0.882, P=0.04) had significant positive relation. The expression levels of BMPR2, EP300, and TNFAIP3 mRNA in cell lines from myeloid leukemia were significantly lower than those in the cells from the healthy control(P<0.05). The expression levels of TGFβ2 mRNA showed no significant difference between myeloid leukemia cell lines and the healthy control or B-malignant cell lines(P>0.05). The expression levels of BMPR2, EP300, and TNFAIP3 mRNA in B-lymphoma cells were significantly higher than those of the myeloid leukemia cells(P<0.05).Conclusion: Different expression patterns of BMPR2, EP300, TGFβ2, and TNFAIP3 genes in B-lymphoma cells exist.展开更多
Hyalella azteca was used to assess biological impairment in sediments from nine water bodies in the Mississippi Delta （i.e., lower Mississippi alluvial plain）. Water bodies were categorized according to land use and...Hyalella azteca was used to assess biological impairment in sediments from nine water bodies in the Mississippi Delta （i.e., lower Mississippi alluvial plain）. Water bodies were categorized according to land use and implementation of agricultural best management practices （BMPs）. Sediment samples were collected at three sites within each water body from June to July 2004 and analyzed for 17 current and historic-use pesticides and metabolites. Twenty-eight day H. azteca survival and growth were measured to assess the degree of biological impairment. No significant （P 〉 0.05） mortality occurred in animals exposed to sediments. Significant growth impairment was observed in sediments from all three 303（d） listed water bodies and two of three BMP oxbow lakes. Historic-use pesticides and metabolites were implicated in two of five biologically impaired water bodies. Complex contaminant mixtures often limit attempts to provide clear, definitive sources of biological impairment. In this study, even accounting for sediment characteristics such as sand-silt-clay fractions and organic carbon content did not further clarify sources of toxicity in some water bodies. Finally, results show that implementation of BMPs can mitigate biological impairment within lake sediments.展开更多
Objective: To observe the activity of repeated extracts of bone matrix and the production of purified bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Methods: BMPs were extracted 1- 4 times from fresh bovine cortical bone by the ...Objective: To observe the activity of repeated extracts of bone matrix and the production of purified bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Methods: BMPs were extracted 1- 4 times from fresh bovine cortical bone by the modified Urist’s method, with each collected precipitate separated and lyophilized as partially purified BMPs. Another fresh bovine bone was extracted three times and the precipitates were mixed and lyophilized. Meanwhile,the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured by an in vitro assay employing cultured C2C12 mouse myoblast cells through the osteoinductivity of bovine BMPs extracted four times at days 1, 4, 7, and 14, and the correlation between BMPs quantities and costing during extraction processes was analyzed.Results: The BMPs purified and the cost showed a positive correlation (r=(0.969)). To separate and lyophilize each collected precipitate as partially purified BMPs raised the cost, and mixed precipitates also cost much. ALP activities of the 1st and mixed extractions of BMPs were shown to be highly osteoinductive and keep a significantly high level (P<(0.05)-(0.01)) 4 days after culturing, compared with the 2nd, 3rd and 4th extractions, especially the control group. However, the more times the extraction was done, the less activity of BMPs was shown and more costing was. The x-ray and histological analysis also showed that the 1st extraction of BMPs induced more ossicles and new bone formation.Conclusions: The results indicated that BMPs enhanced the abilities of osteoinductivity in C2C12 culture in vitro. The first extraction of BMPs from bone is fitfull, the second extraction should be enough, while, the 3rd and 4th extractions are unnecessary for they cost more and waste more time, say nothing of mixed extractions.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is one of the most prevalent joint diseases with prominent symptoms affecting the daily life of millions of middle aged and elderly people.Despite this,there are no successful medical interventions t...Osteoarthritis(OA)is one of the most prevalent joint diseases with prominent symptoms affecting the daily life of millions of middle aged and elderly people.Despite this,there are no successful medical interventions that can prevent the progressive destruction of OA joints.The onset of pathological changes in OA is associated with deviant activity of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),the multipotent precursors of connective tissue cells that reside in joints.Current therapies for OA have resulted in poor clinical outcomes without repairing the damaged cartilage.Intra-articular delivery of culture-expanded MSCs has opened new avenues of OA treatment.Pre-clinical and clinical trials demonstrated the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of MSC therapy.The Wnt/β-catenin,bone morphogenetic protein 2,Indian hedgehog,and Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways have been demonstrated to be involved in OA and the mechanism of action of MSC therapies.展开更多
基金supported by the Guangdong Province Key Foundation of Science and Technology Program (Grant No.2009B0507000029)the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Program (Grant No.2012B031800474)a grant from the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council Key Discipline Construction Fund (Grant No.51205002)
文摘Objective: The results of a previous study showed that a clear dysregulation was evident in the global gene expression of the BCL11A-suppressed B-lymphoma cells. In this study, the bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II(BMPR2), E1 A binding protein p300(EP300), transforming growth factor-β2(TGFβ2), and tumor necrosis factor, and alpha-induced protein 3(TNFAIP3) gene expression patterns in B-cell malignancies were studied. Methods: The relative expression levels of BMPR2, EP300, TGFβ2, and TNFAIP3 mRNA in B-lymphoma cell lines, myeloid cell lines, as well as in cells from healthy volunteers, were determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptpolymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) with SYBR Green Dye. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) was used as reference. Results: The expression level of TGFβ2 mRNA in B-lymphoma cell lines was significantly higher than those in the cells from the healthy control(P<0.05). However, the expression level of TNFAIP3 mRNA in B-malignant cells was significantly lower than that of the healthy control(P<0.05). The expression levels of BMPR2 and EP300 mRNA showed no significant difference between B-malignant cell lines and the healthy group(P>0.05). In B-lymphoma cell lines, correlation analyses revealed that the expression of BMPR2 and TNFAIP3(r=0.882, P=0.04) had significant positive relation. The expression levels of BMPR2, EP300, and TNFAIP3 mRNA in cell lines from myeloid leukemia were significantly lower than those in the cells from the healthy control(P<0.05). The expression levels of TGFβ2 mRNA showed no significant difference between myeloid leukemia cell lines and the healthy control or B-malignant cell lines(P>0.05). The expression levels of BMPR2, EP300, and TNFAIP3 mRNA in B-lymphoma cells were significantly higher than those of the myeloid leukemia cells(P<0.05).Conclusion: Different expression patterns of BMPR2, EP300, TGFβ2, and TNFAIP3 genes in B-lymphoma cells exist.
文摘Hyalella azteca was used to assess biological impairment in sediments from nine water bodies in the Mississippi Delta （i.e., lower Mississippi alluvial plain）. Water bodies were categorized according to land use and implementation of agricultural best management practices （BMPs）. Sediment samples were collected at three sites within each water body from June to July 2004 and analyzed for 17 current and historic-use pesticides and metabolites. Twenty-eight day H. azteca survival and growth were measured to assess the degree of biological impairment. No significant （P 〉 0.05） mortality occurred in animals exposed to sediments. Significant growth impairment was observed in sediments from all three 303（d） listed water bodies and two of three BMP oxbow lakes. Historic-use pesticides and metabolites were implicated in two of five biologically impaired water bodies. Complex contaminant mixtures often limit attempts to provide clear, definitive sources of biological impairment. In this study, even accounting for sediment characteristics such as sand-silt-clay fractions and organic carbon content did not further clarify sources of toxicity in some water bodies. Finally, results show that implementation of BMPs can mitigate biological impairment within lake sediments.
文摘Objective: To observe the activity of repeated extracts of bone matrix and the production of purified bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Methods: BMPs were extracted 1- 4 times from fresh bovine cortical bone by the modified Urist’s method, with each collected precipitate separated and lyophilized as partially purified BMPs. Another fresh bovine bone was extracted three times and the precipitates were mixed and lyophilized. Meanwhile,the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured by an in vitro assay employing cultured C2C12 mouse myoblast cells through the osteoinductivity of bovine BMPs extracted four times at days 1, 4, 7, and 14, and the correlation between BMPs quantities and costing during extraction processes was analyzed.Results: The BMPs purified and the cost showed a positive correlation (r=(0.969)). To separate and lyophilize each collected precipitate as partially purified BMPs raised the cost, and mixed precipitates also cost much. ALP activities of the 1st and mixed extractions of BMPs were shown to be highly osteoinductive and keep a significantly high level (P<(0.05)-(0.01)) 4 days after culturing, compared with the 2nd, 3rd and 4th extractions, especially the control group. However, the more times the extraction was done, the less activity of BMPs was shown and more costing was. The x-ray and histological analysis also showed that the 1st extraction of BMPs induced more ossicles and new bone formation.Conclusions: The results indicated that BMPs enhanced the abilities of osteoinductivity in C2C12 culture in vitro. The first extraction of BMPs from bone is fitfull, the second extraction should be enough, while, the 3rd and 4th extractions are unnecessary for they cost more and waste more time, say nothing of mixed extractions.
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is one of the most prevalent joint diseases with prominent symptoms affecting the daily life of millions of middle aged and elderly people.Despite this,there are no successful medical interventions that can prevent the progressive destruction of OA joints.The onset of pathological changes in OA is associated with deviant activity of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),the multipotent precursors of connective tissue cells that reside in joints.Current therapies for OA have resulted in poor clinical outcomes without repairing the damaged cartilage.Intra-articular delivery of culture-expanded MSCs has opened new avenues of OA treatment.Pre-clinical and clinical trials demonstrated the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of MSC therapy.The Wnt/β-catenin,bone morphogenetic protein 2,Indian hedgehog,and Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways have been demonstrated to be involved in OA and the mechanism of action of MSC therapies.
