绵羊繁殖性能在绵羊产业中有着重要意义,除通过一些技术手段(如同期发情、人工授精、超数排卵等)之外,在目前已知的关于能够提高绵羊繁殖力的16个基因共20个突变体当中,以骨形态发生蛋白受体-1B(bone morphogenetic protein receptor ty...绵羊繁殖性能在绵羊产业中有着重要意义,除通过一些技术手段(如同期发情、人工授精、超数排卵等)之外,在目前已知的关于能够提高绵羊繁殖力的16个基因共20个突变体当中,以骨形态发生蛋白受体-1B(bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B,BMPR-1B)基因对绵羊繁殖力的影响最大。BMPR-1B基因是世界上第一个被发现的多羔主效基因,其编码区的A746G突变导致蛋白质序列中第249位的谷氨酰胺被置换为精氨酸(Q249R),最终能够引起绵羊排卵数和产羔数增加。作者介绍了绵羊多羔主效基因BMPR-1B及其突变体FecB(A746G)的发现与结构,简述了该基因分子方面的作用机理,对BMP/Smad信号通路的调控以及与绵羊繁殖之间的联系,并简单分析了FecB突变后对绵羊卵巢、卵泡等组织细胞功能,激素调节和相关基因表达的影响。进一步加深对BMPR-1B基因的了解,为研究人员探明该基因诱使绵羊等动物提高产羔数的调控机制,相关配体、调控因子和上下游信号蛋白的影响以及加快哺乳动物高效育种繁殖、扩大种群规模和多胎品系的建立,增加养殖人员的经济收入等提供一些参考和帮助。展开更多
OBJECTIVE:This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Amomum villosum on longitudinal bone growth.METHODS:Adolescent female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups and treated for 4 days:control(distille...OBJECTIVE:This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Amomum villosum on longitudinal bone growth.METHODS:Adolescent female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups and treated for 4 days:control(distilled water,p.o.),recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH;100 μg/kg,s.c.),and A.villosum(500 mg/kg,p.o.) groups.On day 3,tetracycline(20 g/kg,i.p.) was injected for growth plate identification.On days 2,3 and 4,5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)(50 mg/kg,i.p.) was injected to label proliferating cells.On day 5,tibias were dissected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde,dehydrated,and sectioned for immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry.RESULTS:The rate of bone growth in the A.villosum and rhGH groups increased to(410 ± 44) and(389 ± 46) μm/day(P<0.01),respectively,as compared with the control(330.7 ± 34.7) μm/day.The thickness of the growth plates also increased to(591 ± 37) and(598 ± 32) μm,respectively,as compared with the control(524± 89) μm(P<0.001).The number of BrdU-positive cells in the chondrocytes of the A.villosum and rhGH groups was also significantly higher(126±24) and(143±18) cells/mm 2,respectively) than in the control(109 ± 25) mm 2(P<0.05).Insulin-like growth factor-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the A.villosum and rhGH groups were highly expressed in the growth plate as compared with the control samples,indicating increased bone formation.CONCLUSIONS:A.villosum could be used to treat growth retardation during adolescence.展开更多
文摘绵羊繁殖性能在绵羊产业中有着重要意义,除通过一些技术手段(如同期发情、人工授精、超数排卵等)之外,在目前已知的关于能够提高绵羊繁殖力的16个基因共20个突变体当中,以骨形态发生蛋白受体-1B(bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B,BMPR-1B)基因对绵羊繁殖力的影响最大。BMPR-1B基因是世界上第一个被发现的多羔主效基因,其编码区的A746G突变导致蛋白质序列中第249位的谷氨酰胺被置换为精氨酸(Q249R),最终能够引起绵羊排卵数和产羔数增加。作者介绍了绵羊多羔主效基因BMPR-1B及其突变体FecB(A746G)的发现与结构,简述了该基因分子方面的作用机理,对BMP/Smad信号通路的调控以及与绵羊繁殖之间的联系,并简单分析了FecB突变后对绵羊卵巢、卵泡等组织细胞功能,激素调节和相关基因表达的影响。进一步加深对BMPR-1B基因的了解,为研究人员探明该基因诱使绵羊等动物提高产羔数的调控机制,相关配体、调控因子和上下游信号蛋白的影响以及加快哺乳动物高效育种繁殖、扩大种群规模和多胎品系的建立,增加养殖人员的经济收入等提供一些参考和帮助。
基金Supported by the Fund of Amomum villosum in bone growth
文摘OBJECTIVE:This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Amomum villosum on longitudinal bone growth.METHODS:Adolescent female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups and treated for 4 days:control(distilled water,p.o.),recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH;100 μg/kg,s.c.),and A.villosum(500 mg/kg,p.o.) groups.On day 3,tetracycline(20 g/kg,i.p.) was injected for growth plate identification.On days 2,3 and 4,5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)(50 mg/kg,i.p.) was injected to label proliferating cells.On day 5,tibias were dissected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde,dehydrated,and sectioned for immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry.RESULTS:The rate of bone growth in the A.villosum and rhGH groups increased to(410 ± 44) and(389 ± 46) μm/day(P<0.01),respectively,as compared with the control(330.7 ± 34.7) μm/day.The thickness of the growth plates also increased to(591 ± 37) and(598 ± 32) μm,respectively,as compared with the control(524± 89) μm(P<0.001).The number of BrdU-positive cells in the chondrocytes of the A.villosum and rhGH groups was also significantly higher(126±24) and(143±18) cells/mm 2,respectively) than in the control(109 ± 25) mm 2(P<0.05).Insulin-like growth factor-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the A.villosum and rhGH groups were highly expressed in the growth plate as compared with the control samples,indicating increased bone formation.CONCLUSIONS:A.villosum could be used to treat growth retardation during adolescence.
