新生儿颅骨骨膜下血肿骨性化10例报告

新生儿颅骨骨膜下血肿可见于自然分娩的新生儿,更多见于使用胎头负压吸引或产钳助产造成骨膜下血管破裂出血所致。骨膜下血肿吸收较慢,而颅骨骨膜母细胞在新生儿期非常活跃,常形成增生性骨化组织,一旦骨膜下血肿骨性化形成,吸收困难,既影响美观又易影响该处颅骨的发育。所以颅骨骨膜下血肿在新生儿出生后20天无明显吸收者可考虑穿刺抽血,血肿已骨性化者,半年至一年仍不吸收可考虑手术剥离。

减压术治疗下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊肿的临床研究

目的:评价减压术治疗下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊肿的疗效。方法:回顾1999年10月至2004年10月61例经减压术治疗的下颌骨大型角化囊肿病例,随访6个月～5a,进行临床、影像学及病理学检查,在全景片上测量减压术后病灶的长径变化,评价临床疗效,随访观察复发情况。采用SAS6.12统计软件包进行χ2检验,计算Fisher确切概率。结果:临床及影像学检查显示,囊肿周围骨质再生改建,囊腔逐渐缩小,被推移的下牙槽神经血管束恢复至正常位置,倾斜移位的牙长轴逐渐纠正。减压术后引流期维持6～23个月,中位时间14个月。减压术治疗颌骨大型角化囊肿的有效率为91.8%,单房型角化囊肿的疗效优于多房型,不同年龄组间的有效率在统计学上无显著差异。本组资料随访期间未发现复发。结论:减压术是治疗下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊肿的有效方法。

开窗减压联合二期刮治术治疗下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊性瘤的临床观察

目的：评价开窗减压联合二期刮治术治疗下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊性瘤的临床效果。方法：选取1999-2013年收治11例下颌骨大型角化囊性瘤,先采用开窗减压术,二期采用刮治、电刀烧灼及机械磨削等方法进行治疗。结果：经2~5年随访观察,11例患者术后恢复良好,囊腔逐渐被新生骨完全替代,仅在开窗部位有少量骨质缺损。结论：开窗减压结合二期刮治术简单实用,并发症少,是根治下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊性瘤的有效方法。

芬太尼透皮贴剂联合补肾化瘀汤治疗癌性骨痛的疗效观察

目的观察芬太尼透皮贴剂联合补肾化瘀汤对癌性骨痛的疗效。方法 80例癌性骨痛患者随机分为两组,综合组40例采用芬太尼透皮贴剂与补肾化瘀汤治疗,对照组40例采用芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗。结果两组有效率及不良反应发生率差异显著。结论芬太尼透皮贴剂联合补肾化瘀汤治疗癌性骨痛可以提高疗效和减轻不良反应。

精制骨形态蛋白诱导膜性成骨的组织学研究

将精制BMP与液状Ⅰ型胶原的复合物植入到大白鼠皮下组织中，应用组织学方法对该复合物诱导的成骨过程进行了连续的观察。结果表明该复合物诱导了膜性化骨的成骨过程。膜性化骨可能与胶原载体有利血管侵入有关。

CBCT三维重建指导下行囊肿开窗减压术治疗下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊肿的临床疗效

目的探究锥形术(CBCT)三维重建指导下行囊肿开窗减压术治疗老年下颌骨大型牙源性角化囊肿(OKC)的临床疗效。方法选择行囊肿开窗减压术治疗老年下颌骨大型OKC患者124例,按照治疗方法不同分为CBCT组(n=63,CBCT三维重建指导下手术)和对照组(n=61,常规术前检查后进行手术),比较两组手术时间、治疗周期、治疗前后囊腔体积、受累牙牙髓活力变化、骨再生厚度、不良反应及术后1年复发情况。结果CBCT组手术时间、治疗周期较对照组明显更短(P<0.05),术后6、12个月,两组囊腔体积均缩小,且CBCT组低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);两组受累牙牙髓活力均较术前降低,且CBCT组高于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);CBCT组术后骨再生厚度明显优于对照组(P<0.05);术后12个月CBCT组复发率及发生颌骨缺损、感染、下牙槽神经损伤等不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论CBCT三维重建指导下行囊肿开窗减压术治疗老年下颌骨大型OKC能有效减少手术时间,促进囊腔体积缩小和骨再生,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

温针灸治疗膝骨性关节炎随机平行对照研究

[目的]观察温针灸治疗膝骨关节炎疗效。[方法]使用随机平行对照方法,将60例门诊及住院患者按随机数字表法分为两组。对照组30例单纯针刺治疗。取穴:犊鼻、鹤顶、血海、膝关、阴陵泉、阳陵泉、足三里、委阳。操作:用直径0.30mm、长度40mm毫针刺入穴位,行提插捻转手法。治疗组30例取穴和操作手法同对照组,得气后,在针柄上加直径10mm、长度15mm艾炷由上端点燃,待艾炷燃完后,继续留针10～15min。连续治疗5d为1疗程。观测临床症状、膝关节肿胀、膝关节功能、不良反应。连续治疗4疗程,判定疗效。[结果]治疗组治愈6例,显效25例,有效8例,无效2例,总有效率95.12%。对照组治愈3例,显效20例,有效12例,无效5例,总有效率87.50%。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.01)。[结论]温针灸治疗膝骨性关节炎疗效确切,其对症状、体征的改善和关节功能活动恢复正常,优于对照组。

Preparation and osteoinduction of active micro-arc oxidation films on Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb alloy

A layer of porous film containing Ca and P was prepared by the micro-arc oxidation method on the surface of a novel near β biomedical Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb alloy, and then NH2- active group was introduced to the films by activation treatment. The phase composition, surface micro-topography and elemental characteristics of the micro-arc oxidation films were investigated with XRD, SEM, EDS and XPS, and the osteoinduction of the micro-arc oxidation films was tested using the simulated body fluid immersion, the in-vitro osteoblast cultivation test and animal experiment. The results show that the oxide layer is a kind of porous ceramic intermixture and contains Ca and P. The films in the simulated body fluid can induce apatite formation, resulting in excellent bioactivity. The cell test discovers that osteoblasts can grow well on the surface of micro-arc oxidation films. And the Ti-3Zr-2Sn-3Mo-25Nb biomedical alloy coated with active porous calcium-phosphate films shows better osteoinduction in vivo.

痣样基底细胞癌综合征1例

患者男,43岁。面部多发性"色素痣"10年。皮肤科情况:前额、面中央及双上肢各见数枚芝麻至米粒大小黑褐色丘疹,部分表面凹凸不平,色素不均,界限不甚清晰。双手掌可见密集针尖大小点状凹陷。皮损组织病理示:真皮内可见大小形状不一的肿瘤团块,瘤体细胞由基底样细胞构成,肿瘤周围细胞呈栅栏状排列,肿瘤内见大量色素颗粒,并可见收缩间隙。诊断:痣样基底细胞癌综合征。

Design of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)-based photocatalyst for solar fuel production and photo-degradation of pollutants

Metal organic frameworks(MOFs)is a research hotspot in the solar fuel production and photo-degradation of pollutants field due to high surface area,rich metal/organic species,large pore volume,and adjustability of structures and compositions.Therefore,in this review,we first summarized the design factors of photocatalytic materials based on MOF from the perspective of"star"MOF.The modification strategies of MOFs-based photocatalysts were discussed to improve its photocatalytic activity and specific applications were summarized as well,including photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction,photocatalytic water splitting and photo-degradation of pollutants.Finally,the advantages and disadvantages of MOFs-based photocatalysts were discussed,the current challenges were highlighted,and suggestions for future research directions were proposed.

Reduced bone mineral density and altered bone turnover markers in patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B or C infection

AIM: Previous studies suggest that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known about the occurrence of bone disease in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate this particular population for BMD and bone turnover markers. METHODS: Biochemical markers of bone turnover and BMD were measured in 43 consecutive patients with HCV (n = 30) or HBV (n = 13) infection without histological evidence for liver cirrhosis. Mean age was 49 years (range 26-77 years). BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the femoral neck (FN) and the lumbar spine (LS) region. In addition, bone metabolism markers were measured. RESULTS: BMD was lowered in 25 (58%) of the patients with chronic hepatitis B or C (FN; 0.76 (0.53-0.99); LS: 0.96 (0.62-1.23) g/cm2). Eight (32%) osteopenic patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P= 0.005) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (P = 0.001) were significantly elevated in the more advanced stages of fibrosis. Mean T-score value was lower in patients with chronic hepatitis C as compared to patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.09). CONCLUSION: There was a significantly reduced BMD in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection. Alterations of bone metabolism already occurred in advanced liver fibrosis without cirrhosis. According to our results, these secondary effects of chronic viral hepatitis should be further investigated.

Detection of FLT3/ITD gene mutations in patients with hematologic malignancy and their clinical significance

Objective： To analyze Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 （FLT3）/internal-tandem duplications （ITD） mutations in various kinds of hematologic malignancy patients. Methods： FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in 103 acute myeloid leukemia （AML） cases, 63 acute lymphocytic leukemia （ALL） cases, 53 chronic myelogenous leukemia （CML） cases in chronic phase （CML-CP）, 34 CML cases in blast crisis （CML-BC）, 11 chronic lymphatic leukemia （CLL） cases, 36 myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS） cases, 9 multiple myeloma （MM） cases and 13 non-hodgkin＇s lymphoma （NHL） cases with marrow infiltration. Results： The expressions of FLT3/ITD gene mutations were detected in 22.3% AML cases, in 6.5% CML-BC cases, in 5.6% MDS cases and in 2.6% ALL cases. The two ALL cases with FLT3/ITD mutation were diagnosed as ALL-L2 with morphology and both with myeloid antigen expression, but finally were diagnosed as acute mixed-lineage leukemia after immunology examination. FLT3/ITD gene mutations were not detected in CML-CP, MM, NHL and CLL cases. In the 23 AML patients with FLT3/ITD gene mutation, including 2 of 8 M1 （2.5%）, 8 of 33 M2 （24.2%）, 7 of 24 M3 （29.3%）, 2 of 11 M4 （18.2%）, 3 of 21 M5 （14.3%）, 1 of 5 M6 （20%）, and 0 of 1 M7 cases, and there were no significant differences in the positive rates of FLT3/ITD mutations between the FAB subtypes （P 〉 0.05）. Statistical analyses showed that in AML patients, FLT3/ITD was associated with a higher peripheral blood white cell （WBC） counts [（41.23 ± 32.56） x 109/L vs （11.36 ± 9.89） × 10^9/L （P 〈 0.01 ）], higher percentage of bone marrow blast cells [（72.78 ± 21.79）% vs （51.26 ± 20.78）% （P 〈 0.05）], and higher cumulative relapse rates （63.6% vs 27.7%, P 〈 0.025） than those negative. Conclusion： FLT3/ITD gene mutation mainly occurred in AML patients, and might be a strong prognostic factor which was associated with high peripheral WBC counts, bone marrow blast cell proportion and a increased relapse risk in AML. Detection of FLT3/ITD gene mutation might provide insights to explore a more accurate genotyping of leukemia, differential diagnosis between AML and ALL, subdivide risk level in AML and estimate prognosis of leukemia.

A high performance non-noble metal electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction derived from a metal organic framework

The development of a non-precious metal electrocatalyst （NPME） with a performance superior to commercial Pt/C for the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） is important for the commercialization of fuel cells. We report the synthesis of a NPME by heat-treating Co-based metal organic frameworks （ZIF-67） with a small average size of 44 nm. The electrocatalyst pyrolyzed at 600 ~C showed the best performance and the performance was enhanced when it was supported on BP 2000. The resulting electrocatalyst was composed of 10 nm Co nanoparticles coated by 3-12 layers of N doped graphite layers which as a whole was embedded in a carbon matrix. The ORR performance of the electrocatalyst was tested by rotating disk electrode tests in O2-saturated 0.1 mol/L KOH under ambient conditions. The electrocatalyst （1.0 mg/cm~] showed an onset potential of 1.017 V （[vs. RHE] and a half-wave potential of 0.857 V （vs. RHE], which showed it was as good as the commer- cial Pt/C （20 BgPt/cm2）. Furthermore, the electrocatalyst possessed much better stability and re- sistance to methanol crossover than Pt/C.

Alternative access site choice after initial radial access site failure for coronary angiography and intervention

Background Transradial access for coronary catheterization is more technically challenging compared to the traditional transfemoral approach and radial access failure is quite common. The aim of this study is to describe the additional steps after initial radial access site failure in a high specialized forearm approach center. Methods A retrospective evaluation of all coronary catheterizations performed in our Department between January 2016 and December 2016 was performed, with focus on arterial access. Results One thousand three hundred forty six procedures were evaluated. The initial access site used was right radial [1173 procedures （87.1%）], left radial [120 procedures （8.9%）], fight ulnar [7 procedures （0.5%）], left ulnar [40 procedures （2.9%）] and femoral approach [6 procedures （0.4%）]. Radial artery can- nulation failure was observed in 37 procedures （2.9% of 1293 procedures with initial radial approach）. Failure of procedure completion after successful radial sheath insertion was observed in 46 procedures （3.6%）. The alternative access site after initial radial approach failure was contralateral radial [43 procedures （51.8%）], ipsilateral ulnar [22 procedures （26.5%）, contralateral ulnar [12 patients （14.5%）] and femoral approach [6 procedures （7.2%）]. Conclusion Forearm arteries can be used as alternative access site after initial radial approach failure in order to reduce the use of femoral approach during cardiac catheterization.

Improving the performance of metal-organic frameworks for thermo-catalytic CO_(2)conversion:Strategies and perspectives

Climate change caused by the increasing emission of CO_(2)to the atmosphere has become a global concern.To ameliorate this issue,converting CO_(2)into valuable chemicals is highly desirable,enabling a sustainable low-carbon future.To this end,developing efficient catalytic systems for CO_(2)conversion has sparked intense interests from both academia and industry.Taking advantage of their highly porous structures and unique properties,metal−organic frameworks(MOFs)have shown great potential as heterogeneous catalysts for CO_(2)conversion.Various transformations involving CO_(2)have been accomplished over MOFs-based materials.Here we provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review on recent advances of heterogeneous CO_(2)thermocatalysis using MOFs,highlighting relationships between structures and properties.Special attention is given to the design strategies for improving the catalytic performance of MOFs.Avenues available to enrich the catalytic active sites in MOF structures are stressed and their respective impacts on CO_(2)conversion efficiency are presented.The synergistic effects between each active site within the structure of MOFs and derivatives are discussed.In the end,future perspectives and challenges in CO_(2)conversion by heterogeneous catalysis with MOFs are described.

Is osteoporosis a peculiar association with primary biliary cirrhosis?

AIM： （1） To compare the prevalence of osteoporosis （t-score ≤-2.5 SD） between stage IV PBC patients, and two groups of age- and sex-matched controls： one with hepatitis C virus （HCV）-related cirrhosis, and the other one consisting of a group of healthy subjects from the general population, （2） to identify the main risk factors for the development of bone loss. METHODS： Thirty-five stage IV PBC patients （mean age 52.5±10 years）, 49 females with HCV-related cirrhosis （mean age 52.9±5.8 years） and 33 healthy females （mean age 51.8±2.22 years） were enrolled in the study. Bone metabolism was evaluated by measuring serum calcium corrected for serum albumin （Ca corr.）, 25-hydroxy vitamin D （25-OH vit D）, parathyroid hormone, osteocaldn. Bone mineral density （BMD） was assessed at the lumbar spine by dual-photon X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS： Osteoporosis was present in 5/35 PBC patients （14.2%） and in 7/49 HCV-related drrhotic patients （14.3%）, without any statistical difference between the two groups. Among healthy control subjects, none had osteoporosis. No difference was found between the three groups in serum parameters of bone metabolism. Univariate analysis showed that menopausal state and low BMI were significantly correlated with osteoporosis. Multivariate regression analysis showed that menopausal status, BMI〈23, and old age were independent variables significantly correlated with osteoporosis. CONCLUSION： PBC in itself has no negative influence on BMD. End-stage liver disease patients carry a disease-specific risk for osteoporosis, but have an effective risk of bone loss in relation to individual potential risk for each patient. A practical message should be taken into account, that is, every effort should be made to prevent osteoporosis when a patient has simple osteopenia, or if it is a woman in or near menopausal age.

Therapy with bone marrow cells reduces liver alterations in mice chronically infected by Schistosoma mansoni

AIM： To investigate the potential of bone marrow mononuclear cells （BM-MCs） in the regeneration of hepatic lesions induced by Schistosoma mansoni （S.mansoni） chronic infection. METHODS： Female mice chronically infected with S.rnansoni were treated with BM-MCs obtained from male green fluorescent protein （GFP） transgenic mice by intravenous or intralobular injections. Control mice received injections of saline in similar conditions, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） assay for transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β）, polymerase chain reaction （PCR） for GFP DNA, immunofluorescence and morphometric studies were performed. RESULTS： Transplanted GFP^＋ cells migrated to granuloma areas and reduced the percentage of liver fibrosis. The presence of donor-derived cells was confirmed by Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） analysis for detection of cells bearing Y chromosome and by PCR analysis for detection of GFP DNA. The levels of TGF-β, a cytokine associated with fibrosis deposition, in liver fragments of mice submitted to therapy were reduced. The number of oval cells in liver sections of S.mansoni-infected mice increased 3-4 fold after transplantation. A partial recovery in albumin expression, which is decreased upon infection with S.mansoni, was found in livers of infected mice after cellular therapy. CONCLUSION： In conclusion, transplanted BMCs migrate to and reduce the damage of chronic fibrotic liver lesions caused by S.mansoni.

Morphology evolution of acetic acid-modulated MIL-53(Fe)for efficient selective oxidation of H2S

MIL-53(Fe)was synthesized using a“modulator approach”that utilizes acetic acid(HAc)as an additive to control the size and morphology of the resulting crystals.We demonstrate that after activation under vaccum at 100℃,the MIL-53(Fe)functions well for H2S selective oxidation.The introduction of acetic acid in the presence of benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid(H2BDC)would result in a series of MIL-53(Fe)nanocrystals(denoted as MIL-53(Fe)-xH,x stands for the volume of added HAc with morphology evoluting from irregular particles to short hexagonal columns.The vacuum treatment facilitates the removal of acetate groups,thus generating Fe3+Lewis acid sites.Consequently,the resulted MIL-53(Fe)-xH exhibits good catalytic activity(98%H2S conversion and 92%sulfur selectivity)at moderate reaction temperatures(100–190℃).The MIL-53(Fe)-5H is superior to the traditional iron-based catalysts,showing stable performance in a test period of 55 h.

Nanospike surface-modified bionic porous titanium implant and in vitro osteogenic performance

This work aimed to prepare the nanospike surface-modified bionic porous titanium implants that feature favorableosteointegration performance and anti-bacterial functions.The implant was prepared using freeze casting,and nanospikesurface-modification of the implant was performed using thermal oxidation.The pore morphology and size,mechanical properties,and osteogenic performance of the implants were analyzed and discussed.The results showed that when the volume ratio of titaniumpowder in slurry was set to be10%,the porosity,pore diameter,compressive strength,and elastic modulus of the porous sampleswere(58.32±1.08)%,(126.17±18.64)μm,(58.51±20.38)MPa and(1.70±0.52)GPa,respectively.When the porous sample wassintered at a temperature of1200°C for1h,these values were(58.24±1.50)%,(124.16±13.64)μm,(54.77±27.55)MPa and(1.63±0.30)GPa,respectively.The nanospike surface-modified bionic porous titanium implants had favorable pore morphology andsize,mechanical properties and osteointegration performance through technology optimization,and showed significant clinicalapplication prospect.