Spinal cord injuries(SCI)usually result in impairment of axonal conduction and sensorimotor function.There are no effective therapy to completely repair SCI.Axonal demyelination is very common as a pathologic change i...Spinal cord injuries(SCI)usually result in impairment of axonal conduction and sensorimotor function.There are no effective therapy to completely repair SCI.Axonal demyelination is very common as a pathologic change in SCI,and demyelination partly contributes to neural function impairment.So,it may be reasonable that remyelination of demyelinated axons become one of effective therapeutic targets for SCI treatment. Demyelination involves myelin breakdown and loss of myelin-forming cells(oligodendrocytes).The death of oligodendrocytes plays a key role in axonal demyelination in SCI.Recently a number of studies demonstrate that cell replacements could facilitate axonal remyelination and restore axonal conductive func- tion.Thus,it is expected that myelinogenetic cell transplantation(oligodendroglial lineage)will have good prospect as an effective therapy to improve axonal remyelination and restore neural function for SCI treat- ment in the near future.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effect of fetal spinal cord (FSC) graft with different methods on axonal pathology and neurological function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divid...Objective: To investigate the effect of fetal spinal cord (FSC) graft with different methods on axonal pathology and neurological function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. In Group A, the spinal cord was injured and hemisected. In Group B, fetal spinal cord (FSC) was transferred into the injured site. In Group C, after having done as Group B, the upper and lower spinal nerve roots were anastomosed. And in Group D, after having done as Group B, the pedicled omentum was transferred into the hemisection cavity. At 6 weeks after operation, light and electronic microscopes were used to examine the axonal pathology. The neurological function was assessed with inclined plane tests in the open field. The number of axons was quantitated by a computer image analysis system. Results: A greater loss of axons was observed in Group A than that of other groups at 6 weeks. The sequence of the reduced rate of the axons was as following, Group A>Group B>Group C>Group D (P< 0.05 ). The remaining axons were paralleled with the significant improvement in neurological function recovery of the rats. Conclusions: It indicates that FSC and pedicled omentum grafts after SCI can protect the axons and promote the neurological function recovery of the rats.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effects of cryopreserved olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation on axonal regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury in adult rats. Methods: Twenty-four rat...Objective: To observe the effects of cryopreserved olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation on axonal regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury in adult rats. Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into experimental and control groups, each group having 12 rats. The spinal cord injury was established by transecting the spinal cord at T 10 level with microsurgery scissors. OECs were purified from SD rat olfactory bulb and cultured in DMEM (Dulbeccos minimum essential medium) and cryopreserved (-120℃) for two weeks. OECs suspension [(1-1.4)×10 5/ul] was transplanted into transected spinal cord, while the DMEM solution was injected instead in the control group. At 6 and 12 weeks after transplantation, the rats were evaluated with climbing test and MEP (moter evoked potentials) monitoring. The samples of spinal cord were procured and studied with histological and immunohisto chemical stainings. Results: At 6 weeks after transplantation, all of the rats in both transplanted and control groups were paraplegic, and MEPs could not be recorded. Morphology of transplanted OECs was normal, and OECs were interfused with host well. Axons could regrow into gap tissue between the spinal cords. Both OECs and regrown axons were immunoreactive for MBP. No regrown axons were found in the control group. At 12 weeks after transplantation, 2 rats (2/7) had lower extremities muscle contraction, 2 rats (2/7) had hip and/or knee active movement, and MEP of 5 rats (5/7) could be recorded in the calf in the transplantation group. None of the rats (7/7) in the control group had functional improvement, and none had MEPs recorded. In the transplanted group, histological and immunohistochemical methods showed the number of transplanted OECs reduced and some regrown axons had reached the end of transected spinal cord. However, no regrown axons could be seen except scar formation in the control group. Conclusions: Cryopreserved OECs could integrated with the host and promote regrowing axons across the transected spinal cord ends.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Tanreqing injection on axon myelin in the mouse brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).METHODS: An EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein...OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Tanreqing injection on axon myelin in the mouse brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).METHODS: An EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)35-55 immunization in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal, model,prednisone acetate(PA)(6 mg/kg), Tanreqing high dose(5.14 m L/kg), Tanreqing low dose(2.57 m L/kg). On the day of immunization, both Tanreqing groups were treated by intraperitoneal injection,with the PA group treated by intragastrical perfusion after T cell response, and the other groups treated with saline. Changes in body weight, neurological deficit score, incidence rate, mortality rate,and course of disease were observed for all mice.Brain tissue was isolated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and pathological investigations performed to evaluate axon myelin damage by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Myelin basic protein and microtubule associated protein-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Tanreqing injection significantly prolonged EAE latency and decreased the neurological deficit score, alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in the focus area, up-regulated hippocampal MBP expression at the acute stage and the remission stage, and increased microtubule associated protein-2 expression in the EAE brain to varying degrees in the acute stage. TEM analysis indicated that Tanreqing injection alleviates myelin damage in the EAE mouse and maintains the integrity of circular layer structures and alleviates axon mitochondrial swelling.CONCLUSION: Tanreqing injection alleviates EAE symptoms.展开更多
文摘Spinal cord injuries(SCI)usually result in impairment of axonal conduction and sensorimotor function.There are no effective therapy to completely repair SCI.Axonal demyelination is very common as a pathologic change in SCI,and demyelination partly contributes to neural function impairment.So,it may be reasonable that remyelination of demyelinated axons become one of effective therapeutic targets for SCI treatment. Demyelination involves myelin breakdown and loss of myelin-forming cells(oligodendrocytes).The death of oligodendrocytes plays a key role in axonal demyelination in SCI.Recently a number of studies demonstrate that cell replacements could facilitate axonal remyelination and restore axonal conductive func- tion.Thus,it is expected that myelinogenetic cell transplantation(oligodendroglial lineage)will have good prospect as an effective therapy to improve axonal remyelination and restore neural function for SCI treat- ment in the near future.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of fetal spinal cord (FSC) graft with different methods on axonal pathology and neurological function recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. In Group A, the spinal cord was injured and hemisected. In Group B, fetal spinal cord (FSC) was transferred into the injured site. In Group C, after having done as Group B, the upper and lower spinal nerve roots were anastomosed. And in Group D, after having done as Group B, the pedicled omentum was transferred into the hemisection cavity. At 6 weeks after operation, light and electronic microscopes were used to examine the axonal pathology. The neurological function was assessed with inclined plane tests in the open field. The number of axons was quantitated by a computer image analysis system. Results: A greater loss of axons was observed in Group A than that of other groups at 6 weeks. The sequence of the reduced rate of the axons was as following, Group A>Group B>Group C>Group D (P< 0.05 ). The remaining axons were paralleled with the significant improvement in neurological function recovery of the rats. Conclusions: It indicates that FSC and pedicled omentum grafts after SCI can protect the axons and promote the neurological function recovery of the rats.
文摘Objective: To observe the effects of cryopreserved olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) transplantation on axonal regeneration and functional recovery following spinal cord injury in adult rats. Methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into experimental and control groups, each group having 12 rats. The spinal cord injury was established by transecting the spinal cord at T 10 level with microsurgery scissors. OECs were purified from SD rat olfactory bulb and cultured in DMEM (Dulbeccos minimum essential medium) and cryopreserved (-120℃) for two weeks. OECs suspension [(1-1.4)×10 5/ul] was transplanted into transected spinal cord, while the DMEM solution was injected instead in the control group. At 6 and 12 weeks after transplantation, the rats were evaluated with climbing test and MEP (moter evoked potentials) monitoring. The samples of spinal cord were procured and studied with histological and immunohisto chemical stainings. Results: At 6 weeks after transplantation, all of the rats in both transplanted and control groups were paraplegic, and MEPs could not be recorded. Morphology of transplanted OECs was normal, and OECs were interfused with host well. Axons could regrow into gap tissue between the spinal cords. Both OECs and regrown axons were immunoreactive for MBP. No regrown axons were found in the control group. At 12 weeks after transplantation, 2 rats (2/7) had lower extremities muscle contraction, 2 rats (2/7) had hip and/or knee active movement, and MEP of 5 rats (5/7) could be recorded in the calf in the transplantation group. None of the rats (7/7) in the control group had functional improvement, and none had MEPs recorded. In the transplanted group, histological and immunohistochemical methods showed the number of transplanted OECs reduced and some regrown axons had reached the end of transected spinal cord. However, no regrown axons could be seen except scar formation in the control group. Conclusions: Cryopreserved OECs could integrated with the host and promote regrowing axons across the transected spinal cord ends.
基金Supported by the Research on the Effect of Catalpol on the OPCs' Proliferation and Differentiation(No.81173237)Research on the Impact of OPCs and Remyelination via the Method of Bushenyisu with EAE mice(No.81072765)of National Natural Science Foundation
文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Tanreqing injection on axon myelin in the mouse brain of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE).METHODS: An EAE model was established by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)35-55 immunization in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were randomly divided into the following groups: normal, model,prednisone acetate(PA)(6 mg/kg), Tanreqing high dose(5.14 m L/kg), Tanreqing low dose(2.57 m L/kg). On the day of immunization, both Tanreqing groups were treated by intraperitoneal injection,with the PA group treated by intragastrical perfusion after T cell response, and the other groups treated with saline. Changes in body weight, neurological deficit score, incidence rate, mortality rate,and course of disease were observed for all mice.Brain tissue was isolated and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and pathological investigations performed to evaluate axon myelin damage by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Myelin basic protein and microtubule associated protein-2 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Tanreqing injection significantly prolonged EAE latency and decreased the neurological deficit score, alleviated infiltration of inflammatory cells in the focus area, up-regulated hippocampal MBP expression at the acute stage and the remission stage, and increased microtubule associated protein-2 expression in the EAE brain to varying degrees in the acute stage. TEM analysis indicated that Tanreqing injection alleviates myelin damage in the EAE mouse and maintains the integrity of circular layer structures and alleviates axon mitochondrial swelling.CONCLUSION: Tanreqing injection alleviates EAE symptoms.
