AIM： To evaluate the changes in hepatic platelet activating factor （PAF） and its receptors and their effect on portal pressure of cirrhotic rats induced by CCh. METHODS： A model of liver cirrhosis was replicated i...AIM： To evaluate the changes in hepatic platelet activating factor （PAF） and its receptors and their effect on portal pressure of cirrhotic rats induced by CCh. METHODS： A model of liver cirrhosis was replicated in rats by intra-peritoneal injection of CCh for 8 wk. We determined the effect of hepatic PAF and its receptor level on portal and arterial pressure by EIA, saturation binding and RT-PCR technique. RESULTS： Compared to control rats, cirrhotic rats had higher hepatic PAF levels and output as well as higher plasma PAF levels （P〈0.01, P〈0.01, P〈0.05, respectively）. Both hepatic PAF receptor mRNA levels and PAF binding were nearly 3-fold greater in cirrhotic rats （P〈0.01）. Portal injection of PAF （1 g/kg WT） increased the portal pressure by 22% and 33% in control and cirrhotic rats, respectively. In contrast, the arterial pressure was decreased in the both groups （54% in control rats and 42% in cirrhotic rats）. Injection of the PAF antagonist BN52021 （5 mg/kg WT） decreased the portal pressure by 16% in cirrhotic rats but had no effect in the control rats. CONCLUSION： The upregulation of the PAF system contributes to hepatic hemodynamic and metabolic abnormalities in drrhosis, and the increased release of PAF into the circulation has impacts on the systemic hemodynamics.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effect of different combination antihypertensive therapies on plasma endothelin-1 （ET-1） concentration and left ventricular diastolic function of essential hypertension patients with left ...Objective： To observe the effect of different combination antihypertensive therapies on plasma endothelin-1 （ET-1） concentration and left ventricular diastolic function of essential hypertension patients with left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） Methods： A total of 111 patients with essential hypertension were selected, including 60 cases （34 males, 26 females） aged （60.7±5.6） years with simple hypertension, and 51 cases （28 males, 23 females） aged （61.8±7.0） years with essential hypertension complicated with LVH. Essential hypertension patients with LVH were randomly divided into the group of amlodipine （2.5 mg/d） combined with telmisartan （40 mg/d, n=26） and the group of amlodipine （2.5 mg/d） combined with amiloride （half tablet/d, n=25）,and the treatment lasted for 1 year. Echocardiography was performed before and after the treatment. Left ventricular mass index （LVMI）, left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time （IVRT） and other indicators were detected, and plasma ET-1 concentrations were measured for comparative analysis. And 56 patients （31 males, 25 females） aged （59.3±6.7） years with normal blood pressure in the same period in our hospital were selected as the normal control group. Results： The general clinical characteristics were similar between hypertensive LVH group, simple hypertensive group and normal healthy control group. Plasma ET-1 concentrations, LVMI and IVRT of hypertensive LVH group were significantly higher than those of normal control group and simple hypertension group, and the difference was statistically significant. The patients＇ baseline blood pressure, ET-1, LVMI, interventricular septal thickness （IVST）, left ventricular posterior wall thickness （LVPWT）, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVEDd） and other clinical parameters showed no significant difference （P〉0.05） between the group of amlodipine combined with telmisartan and the group of amlodipine combined with amiloride. It was found that compared with that before treatment, blood pressure could be effectively controlled （P〈0.05）, and LVMI, IVST, LVPWT and IVRT （P〈0.05） were all lowered, and ET-1 （P〈0.01） was significantly reduced after 1 year of antihypertensive therapy in both the group of amlodipine combined with telmisartan and the group of amlodipine combined with amiloride. The group of amlodipine combined with telmisartan was better in lowering blood pressure and reducing LVMI, IVST, LVPWT, IVRT and ET-1 than the group of amlodipine combined with amiloride （P〈0.05）. Conelus｜on： Amlodipine-based combination antthypertensive therapy could reverse LVH and improve left ventricular diastolic function partly by lowering blood pressure and ET-1, and the effect of amlodipine combined with telmisartan was superior to that ofamlodipine combined with amiloride展开更多
Objective To investigate the different effects of an angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 (AT 1) receptor antagonist, losartan, and an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, fosinopril, on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardi...Objective To investigate the different effects of an angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 (AT 1) receptor antagonist, losartan, and an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, fosinopril, on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial fibrosis, and angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) Methods SHRs of 16 week old were randomly divided into 3 groups: SHR L (treated with losartan, 30 mg·kg 1 ·d 1 ), SHR F (treated with fosinopril, 10 mg·kg 1 ·d 1 ), and SHR C (treated with placebo) Each group consisted of 10 rats Five rats, randomly selected from each group, were killed at the 8th and 16th week after treatment Cardiomyocyte apoptosis, collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular collagen area (PVCA) and AngⅡ concentrations of plasma and myocardium were examined Results Compared with the controls at the 8th and 16th week, systolic blood pressures were similarly decreased in both treatment groups Left ventricular weight and left ventricular mass indexes were significantly lower in both treatment groups However, the latter parameter at the 16th week was reduced to a less extent in the fosinopril group than that in the losartan group Compared with the controls, cardiomycyte apoptotic index was significantly reduced at the 8th week only in the fosinopril group, and at the 16th week in both treatment groups The index of the fosinopril group was lower than that of the losartan group at the latter endpoint examined Compared with the controls, the left ventricular collagen volume fraction and perivascular collagen area at the 8th and 16th weeks were significantly reduced in the SHRs treated with either fosinopril or losartan However, the collagen volume fraction at the latter endpoint in the fosinopril group was lower than that in the losartan group Compared with the controls at endpoints, plasma and myocardium Ang Ⅱ levels were significantly increased in the losartan group However, plasma Ang Ⅱ concentrations were not altered, and myocardium AngⅡ concentrations at the 8th and 16th weeks were significantly reduced in the fosinopril group Conclusions Both losartan and fosinopril could effectively inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis and reverse heart hypertrophy Fosinopril may be more effective in these cardioprotective effects, suggesting that the effects of both drugs are related to the inhibition of myocardium renin angiotension aldsterone system展开更多
A two-liquid-phase （TLP） soil slurry system was employed to quantify the efficiencies of autoclaving and mercuric chloride sterilization in the dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocaxbons （PAHs）. The fates of ...A two-liquid-phase （TLP） soil slurry system was employed to quantify the efficiencies of autoclaving and mercuric chloride sterilization in the dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocaxbons （PAHs）. The fates of 11 PAHs （naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo（a）anthracene, benzo（a）pyrene, benzo（b）fluoranthene, benzo（k）fluoranthene, dibenzo（a, h）anthracene） were recorded over 113 days of incubation. No microorganisms were detected in the HgC12-sterilized soil slurries during the whole incubation period, indicating very effective sterilization. However, about 2% 36% losses of PAHs were observed in the HgCl2- sterilized slurry. In contrast to the HgCl2-sterilized soil slurry, some microorganisms survived in the autoclaved soil slurries. Moreover, significant biodegradiation of 6 PAHs （naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene） was observed in the autoclaved soil slurries. This indicated that biodegradation results of PAHs in the soil slurries, calculated on basis of the autoclaved control, would be underestimated. It could be concluded that the sterilization efficiency and effectiveness of HgCl2 on soil slurry was much higher than those of autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 45 rain.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Research Foundation of the National 863 Program,No.2003AA208106Medical Outstandard Foundation of Army,No.04J020
文摘AIM： To evaluate the changes in hepatic platelet activating factor （PAF） and its receptors and their effect on portal pressure of cirrhotic rats induced by CCh. METHODS： A model of liver cirrhosis was replicated in rats by intra-peritoneal injection of CCh for 8 wk. We determined the effect of hepatic PAF and its receptor level on portal and arterial pressure by EIA, saturation binding and RT-PCR technique. RESULTS： Compared to control rats, cirrhotic rats had higher hepatic PAF levels and output as well as higher plasma PAF levels （P〈0.01, P〈0.01, P〈0.05, respectively）. Both hepatic PAF receptor mRNA levels and PAF binding were nearly 3-fold greater in cirrhotic rats （P〈0.01）. Portal injection of PAF （1 g/kg WT） increased the portal pressure by 22% and 33% in control and cirrhotic rats, respectively. In contrast, the arterial pressure was decreased in the both groups （54% in control rats and 42% in cirrhotic rats）. Injection of the PAF antagonist BN52021 （5 mg/kg WT） decreased the portal pressure by 16% in cirrhotic rats but had no effect in the control rats. CONCLUSION： The upregulation of the PAF system contributes to hepatic hemodynamic and metabolic abnormalities in drrhosis, and the increased release of PAF into the circulation has impacts on the systemic hemodynamics.
基金Supported by the National Natural and Science Foundation of China(30871042)
文摘Objective： To observe the effect of different combination antihypertensive therapies on plasma endothelin-1 （ET-1） concentration and left ventricular diastolic function of essential hypertension patients with left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） Methods： A total of 111 patients with essential hypertension were selected, including 60 cases （34 males, 26 females） aged （60.7±5.6） years with simple hypertension, and 51 cases （28 males, 23 females） aged （61.8±7.0） years with essential hypertension complicated with LVH. Essential hypertension patients with LVH were randomly divided into the group of amlodipine （2.5 mg/d） combined with telmisartan （40 mg/d, n=26） and the group of amlodipine （2.5 mg/d） combined with amiloride （half tablet/d, n=25）,and the treatment lasted for 1 year. Echocardiography was performed before and after the treatment. Left ventricular mass index （LVMI）, left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time （IVRT） and other indicators were detected, and plasma ET-1 concentrations were measured for comparative analysis. And 56 patients （31 males, 25 females） aged （59.3±6.7） years with normal blood pressure in the same period in our hospital were selected as the normal control group. Results： The general clinical characteristics were similar between hypertensive LVH group, simple hypertensive group and normal healthy control group. Plasma ET-1 concentrations, LVMI and IVRT of hypertensive LVH group were significantly higher than those of normal control group and simple hypertension group, and the difference was statistically significant. The patients＇ baseline blood pressure, ET-1, LVMI, interventricular septal thickness （IVST）, left ventricular posterior wall thickness （LVPWT）, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVEDd） and other clinical parameters showed no significant difference （P〉0.05） between the group of amlodipine combined with telmisartan and the group of amlodipine combined with amiloride. It was found that compared with that before treatment, blood pressure could be effectively controlled （P〈0.05）, and LVMI, IVST, LVPWT and IVRT （P〈0.05） were all lowered, and ET-1 （P〈0.01） was significantly reduced after 1 year of antihypertensive therapy in both the group of amlodipine combined with telmisartan and the group of amlodipine combined with amiloride. The group of amlodipine combined with telmisartan was better in lowering blood pressure and reducing LVMI, IVST, LVPWT, IVRT and ET-1 than the group of amlodipine combined with amiloride （P〈0.05）. Conelus｜on： Amlodipine-based combination antthypertensive therapy could reverse LVH and improve left ventricular diastolic function partly by lowering blood pressure and ET-1, and the effect of amlodipine combined with telmisartan was superior to that ofamlodipine combined with amiloride
文摘Objective To investigate the different effects of an angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 (AT 1) receptor antagonist, losartan, and an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, fosinopril, on cardiomyocyte apoptosis, myocardial fibrosis, and angiotensin Ⅱ (AngⅡ) in the left ventricle of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) Methods SHRs of 16 week old were randomly divided into 3 groups: SHR L (treated with losartan, 30 mg·kg 1 ·d 1 ), SHR F (treated with fosinopril, 10 mg·kg 1 ·d 1 ), and SHR C (treated with placebo) Each group consisted of 10 rats Five rats, randomly selected from each group, were killed at the 8th and 16th week after treatment Cardiomyocyte apoptosis, collagen volume fraction (CVF), perivascular collagen area (PVCA) and AngⅡ concentrations of plasma and myocardium were examined Results Compared with the controls at the 8th and 16th week, systolic blood pressures were similarly decreased in both treatment groups Left ventricular weight and left ventricular mass indexes were significantly lower in both treatment groups However, the latter parameter at the 16th week was reduced to a less extent in the fosinopril group than that in the losartan group Compared with the controls, cardiomycyte apoptotic index was significantly reduced at the 8th week only in the fosinopril group, and at the 16th week in both treatment groups The index of the fosinopril group was lower than that of the losartan group at the latter endpoint examined Compared with the controls, the left ventricular collagen volume fraction and perivascular collagen area at the 8th and 16th weeks were significantly reduced in the SHRs treated with either fosinopril or losartan However, the collagen volume fraction at the latter endpoint in the fosinopril group was lower than that in the losartan group Compared with the controls at endpoints, plasma and myocardium Ang Ⅱ levels were significantly increased in the losartan group However, plasma Ang Ⅱ concentrations were not altered, and myocardium AngⅡ concentrations at the 8th and 16th weeks were significantly reduced in the fosinopril group Conclusions Both losartan and fosinopril could effectively inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis and reverse heart hypertrophy Fosinopril may be more effective in these cardioprotective effects, suggesting that the effects of both drugs are related to the inhibition of myocardium renin angiotension aldsterone system
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program) of China (No. 2007AA061101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20707028,4092106,40771104 and 40701078)
文摘A two-liquid-phase （TLP） soil slurry system was employed to quantify the efficiencies of autoclaving and mercuric chloride sterilization in the dissipation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocaxbons （PAHs）. The fates of 11 PAHs （naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo（a）anthracene, benzo（a）pyrene, benzo（b）fluoranthene, benzo（k）fluoranthene, dibenzo（a, h）anthracene） were recorded over 113 days of incubation. No microorganisms were detected in the HgC12-sterilized soil slurries during the whole incubation period, indicating very effective sterilization. However, about 2% 36% losses of PAHs were observed in the HgCl2- sterilized slurry. In contrast to the HgCl2-sterilized soil slurry, some microorganisms survived in the autoclaved soil slurries. Moreover, significant biodegradiation of 6 PAHs （naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene and pyrene） was observed in the autoclaved soil slurries. This indicated that biodegradation results of PAHs in the soil slurries, calculated on basis of the autoclaved control, would be underestimated. It could be concluded that the sterilization efficiency and effectiveness of HgCl2 on soil slurry was much higher than those of autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 45 rain.
