The paper aims to study the impacts and countermeasures of climate change on animal husbandry in Qinghai plateau and its surrounding area,and evaluate the effect of countermeasures.Results showed that：First,the annua...The paper aims to study the impacts and countermeasures of climate change on animal husbandry in Qinghai plateau and its surrounding area,and evaluate the effect of countermeasures.Results showed that：First,the annual mean temperature,annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature showed an increasing trend in Qinghai plateau during the time from 1961 to 2008; the annual precipitation had not obvious change,but the obvious feature of seasonal change; wind speed and sunshine hours showed a decreasing trend during the time from 1961 to 2008.Secondly,under the current climate condition,grassland productivity showed a decreasing trend,and the grassland theoretical capacity affected by grassland productivity decreased too; warm winter was in favor of livestock overwintering safely,which resulted in a high level of the survival rate of young stock; temperature increasing and precipitation decreasing were beneficial to the fatness of livestock,but the meat yield of livestock was affected by some negative factors such as grassland degradation; livestock diseases had a close relationship with weather condition,and adverse weather condition may arose many diseases of livestock.Thirdly,in view of the current problems of livestock production,we took a series of countermeasures including grass industry construction,livestock improvement,developing new modes of animal husbandry,control and prevention of stockbreeding diseases and insect pests and recovery of meteorological disasters,which played a important role in promoting grassland productivity,solving the problem of the imbalances between livestock and forage,protecting the ecological environment and improving livestock performance.展开更多
For the purpose of contributing to the establishment of optimized eco-productive paradigm, a new layout of land use of the Loess Plateau was carried out and the associated forage potential was estimated. Results indic...For the purpose of contributing to the establishment of optimized eco-productive paradigm, a new layout of land use of the Loess Plateau was carried out and the associated forage potential was estimated. Results indicated that the percentages of the area of grassland, woodland, basic farmland and orchard to the total productive land area were 44%, 22%, 20% and 14% respectively according to this new land use scenario. Based on the datasets of 197 counties in the Loess Plateau, the estimated forage potential would amount to 104 881 028 ton/a (hay), which can raise 104 881 028 productivity sheep unit/ a. According to the unchanged price in 1999, pastoral gross product value would amount to 52 440.51 million yuan RMB/a, which is as much as 5.3 times of that in 1999 and exceeds the agricultural gross product in 1999 by 14%. In addition, there are ca. 59% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be more than 1 000 yuan RMB/a, while ca. 41% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be less than 1 000 yuan RMB/a. On the other hand, the estimated agricultural gross product on the Loess Plateau would amount to 11 472 2.34 million yuan RMB/a and ca. 46% of the total would come from pastoral industry, 27% from orchid industry, 14% from forestry and 13% from farmland. From the perspective both ecologically and economically, this paper holds that the herbi-vore-based pastoral industry is a promising industry bolstering the ecological improvement and economical development on the Loess Plateau.展开更多
文摘The paper aims to study the impacts and countermeasures of climate change on animal husbandry in Qinghai plateau and its surrounding area,and evaluate the effect of countermeasures.Results showed that：First,the annual mean temperature,annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature showed an increasing trend in Qinghai plateau during the time from 1961 to 2008; the annual precipitation had not obvious change,but the obvious feature of seasonal change; wind speed and sunshine hours showed a decreasing trend during the time from 1961 to 2008.Secondly,under the current climate condition,grassland productivity showed a decreasing trend,and the grassland theoretical capacity affected by grassland productivity decreased too; warm winter was in favor of livestock overwintering safely,which resulted in a high level of the survival rate of young stock; temperature increasing and precipitation decreasing were beneficial to the fatness of livestock,but the meat yield of livestock was affected by some negative factors such as grassland degradation; livestock diseases had a close relationship with weather condition,and adverse weather condition may arose many diseases of livestock.Thirdly,in view of the current problems of livestock production,we took a series of countermeasures including grass industry construction,livestock improvement,developing new modes of animal husbandry,control and prevention of stockbreeding diseases and insect pests and recovery of meteorological disasters,which played a important role in promoting grassland productivity,solving the problem of the imbalances between livestock and forage,protecting the ecological environment and improving livestock performance.
文摘For the purpose of contributing to the establishment of optimized eco-productive paradigm, a new layout of land use of the Loess Plateau was carried out and the associated forage potential was estimated. Results indicated that the percentages of the area of grassland, woodland, basic farmland and orchard to the total productive land area were 44%, 22%, 20% and 14% respectively according to this new land use scenario. Based on the datasets of 197 counties in the Loess Plateau, the estimated forage potential would amount to 104 881 028 ton/a (hay), which can raise 104 881 028 productivity sheep unit/ a. According to the unchanged price in 1999, pastoral gross product value would amount to 52 440.51 million yuan RMB/a, which is as much as 5.3 times of that in 1999 and exceeds the agricultural gross product in 1999 by 14%. In addition, there are ca. 59% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be more than 1 000 yuan RMB/a, while ca. 41% of counties whose mean pastoral product value per person would be less than 1 000 yuan RMB/a. On the other hand, the estimated agricultural gross product on the Loess Plateau would amount to 11 472 2.34 million yuan RMB/a and ca. 46% of the total would come from pastoral industry, 27% from orchid industry, 14% from forestry and 13% from farmland. From the perspective both ecologically and economically, this paper holds that the herbi-vore-based pastoral industry is a promising industry bolstering the ecological improvement and economical development on the Loess Plateau.
