为研究加载速率对砂岩抗拉强度的影响效应及影响机制,设计开展5种加载速率的劈裂试验,综合分析抗拉强度、破坏特征、能量参数和劈裂面微观形貌变化规律及相关性。结果表明,(1)随着加载速率增大,砂岩劈裂抗拉强度逐渐增大,总体呈现先陡...为研究加载速率对砂岩抗拉强度的影响效应及影响机制,设计开展5种加载速率的劈裂试验,综合分析抗拉强度、破坏特征、能量参数和劈裂面微观形貌变化规律及相关性。结果表明,(1)随着加载速率增大,砂岩劈裂抗拉强度逐渐增大,总体呈现先陡后缓的趋势,加载速率在0.01~0.10 k N/s范围内时抗拉强度增长迅速,0.10~1.00 k N/s范围内时抗拉强度增长趋势渐缓;(2)随着加载速率的增大,岩样吸收的总能量增大,弹性应变能占总能量的比值逐渐增大,耗散能占总能量的比值逐渐减小,加载至破坏时裂纹扩展形成宏观劈裂面的时间呈数量级减小,达到峰值应力时弹性应变能的释放,导致岩样破坏的突发性增强,使得劈裂面形貌特征在宏观和微观上逐渐变得复杂,对应抗拉强度逐渐增大;(3)在岩石劈裂试验过程中加载速率、能量参数、劈裂面形貌特征与抗拉强度密切相关,加载速率影响加载过程中能量的总量与分配,能量参数的变化直接影响岩样的破坏过程及劈裂面的形貌特征,最后宏观上表现为抗拉强度的差异。文中相关分析方法和思路可为类似试验提供较好的参考。展开更多
Twenty one joints were made with Brazilian tests and each surface was scanned by the Talysurf CLI 2000. Morphological characteristics of joint surface were quantified by statistical and textural parameters. By the con...Twenty one joints were made with Brazilian tests and each surface was scanned by the Talysurf CLI 2000. Morphological characteristics of joint surface were quantified by statistical and textural parameters. By the contrast of these parameters between both sides of each coupled joint, the following conclusions are drawn. The upper and lower surfaces of coupled joints have approximately equal values of Sp（maximum height of joint surface）, Sa（arithmetic mean height of joint surface） and Sq（root mean square height of joint surface）, but the Ssk（skewness of the height distribution of joint surface） values of the two surfaces of a coupled joint are different, one is positive while the other is negative. The Saj（auto-correlation length） parameter values of both surfaces of each coupled joint are quite close, and the S^（texture aspect ratio） values have the same situation to the Sal parameter, but the same parameters of different surfaces have big differences which illustrates its own characteristics of each joint. The two surfaces of each coupled joint have similar values of θp （mean profile angle） which can be used to deduce the value of θp each other.展开更多
A topographic parameter inversion method based on laser altimetry is developed in this paper, which can be used to deduce the surface vertical profile and retrieve the topographic parameters within the laser footprint...A topographic parameter inversion method based on laser altimetry is developed in this paper, which can be used to deduce the surface vertical profile and retrieve the topographic parameters within the laser footprints by analyzing and simulating return waveforms. This method comprises three steps. The first step is to build the numerical models for the whole measuring procedure of laser altimetry, construct digital elevation models for surfaces with different topographic parameters, and calculate return waveforms. The second step is to analyze the simulated return waveforms to obtain their characteristics parameters, summarize the effects of the topographic parameter variations on the characteristic parameters of simulated return waveforms, and analyze the observed return waveforms of laser altimeters to acquire their characteristic parameters at the same time. The last step is to match the characteristic parameters of the simulated and observed return waveforms, and deduce the topographic parameters within the laser footprint. This method can be used to retrieve the topographic parameters within the laser footprint from the observed return waveforms of spaceborne laser altimeters and to get knowledge about the surface altitude distribution within the laser footprint other than only getting the height of the surface encountered firstly by the laser beam, which extends laser altimeters' function and makes them more like radars.展开更多
文摘为研究加载速率对砂岩抗拉强度的影响效应及影响机制,设计开展5种加载速率的劈裂试验,综合分析抗拉强度、破坏特征、能量参数和劈裂面微观形貌变化规律及相关性。结果表明,(1)随着加载速率增大,砂岩劈裂抗拉强度逐渐增大,总体呈现先陡后缓的趋势,加载速率在0.01~0.10 k N/s范围内时抗拉强度增长迅速,0.10~1.00 k N/s范围内时抗拉强度增长趋势渐缓;(2)随着加载速率的增大,岩样吸收的总能量增大,弹性应变能占总能量的比值逐渐增大,耗散能占总能量的比值逐渐减小,加载至破坏时裂纹扩展形成宏观劈裂面的时间呈数量级减小,达到峰值应力时弹性应变能的释放,导致岩样破坏的突发性增强,使得劈裂面形貌特征在宏观和微观上逐渐变得复杂,对应抗拉强度逐渐增大;(3)在岩石劈裂试验过程中加载速率、能量参数、劈裂面形貌特征与抗拉强度密切相关,加载速率影响加载过程中能量的总量与分配,能量参数的变化直接影响岩样的破坏过程及劈裂面的形貌特征,最后宏观上表现为抗拉强度的差异。文中相关分析方法和思路可为类似试验提供较好的参考。
基金Project(51174228) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2011ssxt275) supported by the Graduate Students’Thesis Innovation Foundation of Central South University,ChinaProject(11MX22) supported by the Central South University Students’ Innovation Foundation of the Mittal Company,China
文摘Twenty one joints were made with Brazilian tests and each surface was scanned by the Talysurf CLI 2000. Morphological characteristics of joint surface were quantified by statistical and textural parameters. By the contrast of these parameters between both sides of each coupled joint, the following conclusions are drawn. The upper and lower surfaces of coupled joints have approximately equal values of Sp（maximum height of joint surface）, Sa（arithmetic mean height of joint surface） and Sq（root mean square height of joint surface）, but the Ssk（skewness of the height distribution of joint surface） values of the two surfaces of a coupled joint are different, one is positive while the other is negative. The Saj（auto-correlation length） parameter values of both surfaces of each coupled joint are quite close, and the S^（texture aspect ratio） values have the same situation to the Sal parameter, but the same parameters of different surfaces have big differences which illustrates its own characteristics of each joint. The two surfaces of each coupled joint have similar values of θp （mean profile angle） which can be used to deduce the value of θp each other.
基金supported by the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007AA12Z177)
文摘A topographic parameter inversion method based on laser altimetry is developed in this paper, which can be used to deduce the surface vertical profile and retrieve the topographic parameters within the laser footprints by analyzing and simulating return waveforms. This method comprises three steps. The first step is to build the numerical models for the whole measuring procedure of laser altimetry, construct digital elevation models for surfaces with different topographic parameters, and calculate return waveforms. The second step is to analyze the simulated return waveforms to obtain their characteristics parameters, summarize the effects of the topographic parameter variations on the characteristic parameters of simulated return waveforms, and analyze the observed return waveforms of laser altimeters to acquire their characteristic parameters at the same time. The last step is to match the characteristic parameters of the simulated and observed return waveforms, and deduce the topographic parameters within the laser footprint. This method can be used to retrieve the topographic parameters within the laser footprint from the observed return waveforms of spaceborne laser altimeters and to get knowledge about the surface altitude distribution within the laser footprint other than only getting the height of the surface encountered firstly by the laser beam, which extends laser altimeters' function and makes them more like radars.
