Most of the carbonate formation are highly heterogeneous with cavities of different sizes, which makes the prediction of cavity-filled reservoir in carbonate rocks difficult. Large cavities in carbonate formations pos...Most of the carbonate formation are highly heterogeneous with cavities of different sizes, which makes the prediction of cavity-filled reservoir in carbonate rocks difficult. Large cavities in carbonate formations pose serious threat to drilling operations. Logging-whiledrilling (LWD) is currently used to accurately identify and evaluate cavities in reservoirs during drilling. In this study, we use the self-adaptive hp-FEM algorithm simulate and calculate the LWD resistivity responses of fracture-cavity reservoir cavities. Compared with the traditional h-FEM method, the self-adaptive hp-FEM algorithm has the characteristics of the self-adaptive mesh refinement and the calculations exponentially converge to highly accurate solutions. Using numerical simulations, we investigated the effect of the cavity size, distance between cavity and borehole, and transmitted frequency on the LWD resistivity response. Based on the results, a method for recognizing cavities is proposed. This research can provide the theoretical basis for the accurate identification and quantitative evaluation of various carbonate reservoirs with cavities encountered in practice.展开更多
An adaptive terminal sliding mode control (SMC) technique is proposed to deal with the tracking problem for a class of high-order nonlinear dynamic systems. It is shown that a function augmented sliding hyperplane can...An adaptive terminal sliding mode control (SMC) technique is proposed to deal with the tracking problem for a class of high-order nonlinear dynamic systems. It is shown that a function augmented sliding hyperplane can be used to develop a new terminal sliding mode for high-order nonlinear systems. A terminal SMC controller based on Lyapunov theory is designed to force the state variables of the closed-loop system to reach and remain on the terminal sliding mode, so that the output tracking error then converges to zero in finite time which can be set arbitrarily. An adaptive mechanism is introduced to estimate the unknown parameters of the upper bounds of system uncertainties. The estimates are then used as controller parameters so that the effects of uncertain dynamics can be eliminated. It is also shown that the stability of the closed-loop system can be guaranteed with the proposed control strategy. The simulation of a numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the new method.展开更多
The Internet evolves to incorporate very-high-bandwidth optical links and more large-delay satellite links. TCP faces new challenges in this unique environment. Theory and experiments showed that TCP becomes inefficie...The Internet evolves to incorporate very-high-bandwidth optical links and more large-delay satellite links. TCP faces new challenges in this unique environment. Theory and experiments showed that TCP becomes inefficient and is prone to be unstable as the per-flow product of bandwidth and latency increases, regardless of the queuing scheme. Variable-structure congestion Control Protocol (VCP) is proposed to address these problems. However, VCP has problem in terms of convergence time, i.e., it takes a long time for a new VCP flow to achieve fair bandwidth allocation if the existing VCP flows have large con- gestion windows. This paper proposed an Extended Variable-structure congestion Control Protocol (EVCP), which adopted a convergence controller. The basic idea of convergence controller is that if a flow has larger window than its fair window, its congestion window should be decreased more aggressively than usual in Multiplicative Decrease (MD) phase. Simulations showed that EVCP has better performance in terms of convergence time while keeping the advantages of VCP.展开更多
In this paper, a new higher order Wilson element is presented, and the convergence is proved. Then the interpolation postprocessing technique is used to obtain the global superconvergence and posterior error estimate ...In this paper, a new higher order Wilson element is presented, and the convergence is proved. Then the interpolation postprocessing technique is used to obtain the global superconvergence and posterior error estimate of higher accuracy of this new element for the Sobolev type equations.展开更多
This paper deals with the existence of positive solutions for the problem {(Фp(x^(n-1)(t)))′+f(t,x,…,x^(n-1)=0,0〈t〈1, x^(i)(0)=0,0≤i≤n-3, x^(n-2)(0)-B0(x^(n-1)(0))=0,x^(n-2)(1)+B1...This paper deals with the existence of positive solutions for the problem {(Фp(x^(n-1)(t)))′+f(t,x,…,x^(n-1)=0,0〈t〈1, x^(i)(0)=0,0≤i≤n-3, x^(n-2)(0)-B0(x^(n-1)(0))=0,x^(n-2)(1)+B1(x^(x-1)(1))=0, where Фp(s) = |s|^p-2s, p 〉 1. f may be singular at x^(i) = 0, i = 0,...,n- 2. The proof is based on the Leray-Schauder degree and Vitali's convergence theorem.展开更多
In classical theorems on the convergence of Gaussian quadrature formulas for power orthogonal polynomials with respect to a weight w on I (a,b), a function G E S(w)= (f: fxlf(x)lw(x)dx 〈 ∞ satisfying the ...In classical theorems on the convergence of Gaussian quadrature formulas for power orthogonal polynomials with respect to a weight w on I (a,b), a function G E S(w)= (f: fxlf(x)lw(x)dx 〈 ∞ satisfying the conditions G(2J)(x) :〉 O, x E (a,b), j = 0, 1 , and growing as fast as possible as x→ a- and x → b-, plays an important role. But to find such a function G is often difficult and complicated. This implies that to prove convergence of Gaussian quadrature formulas, it is enough to find a function G E S(w) with G ≥ 0 satisfying展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 41074099)
文摘Most of the carbonate formation are highly heterogeneous with cavities of different sizes, which makes the prediction of cavity-filled reservoir in carbonate rocks difficult. Large cavities in carbonate formations pose serious threat to drilling operations. Logging-whiledrilling (LWD) is currently used to accurately identify and evaluate cavities in reservoirs during drilling. In this study, we use the self-adaptive hp-FEM algorithm simulate and calculate the LWD resistivity responses of fracture-cavity reservoir cavities. Compared with the traditional h-FEM method, the self-adaptive hp-FEM algorithm has the characteristics of the self-adaptive mesh refinement and the calculations exponentially converge to highly accurate solutions. Using numerical simulations, we investigated the effect of the cavity size, distance between cavity and borehole, and transmitted frequency on the LWD resistivity response. Based on the results, a method for recognizing cavities is proposed. This research can provide the theoretical basis for the accurate identification and quantitative evaluation of various carbonate reservoirs with cavities encountered in practice.
文摘An adaptive terminal sliding mode control (SMC) technique is proposed to deal with the tracking problem for a class of high-order nonlinear dynamic systems. It is shown that a function augmented sliding hyperplane can be used to develop a new terminal sliding mode for high-order nonlinear systems. A terminal SMC controller based on Lyapunov theory is designed to force the state variables of the closed-loop system to reach and remain on the terminal sliding mode, so that the output tracking error then converges to zero in finite time which can be set arbitrarily. An adaptive mechanism is introduced to estimate the unknown parameters of the upper bounds of system uncertainties. The estimates are then used as controller parameters so that the effects of uncertain dynamics can be eliminated. It is also shown that the stability of the closed-loop system can be guaranteed with the proposed control strategy. The simulation of a numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the new method.
文摘The Internet evolves to incorporate very-high-bandwidth optical links and more large-delay satellite links. TCP faces new challenges in this unique environment. Theory and experiments showed that TCP becomes inefficient and is prone to be unstable as the per-flow product of bandwidth and latency increases, regardless of the queuing scheme. Variable-structure congestion Control Protocol (VCP) is proposed to address these problems. However, VCP has problem in terms of convergence time, i.e., it takes a long time for a new VCP flow to achieve fair bandwidth allocation if the existing VCP flows have large con- gestion windows. This paper proposed an Extended Variable-structure congestion Control Protocol (EVCP), which adopted a convergence controller. The basic idea of convergence controller is that if a flow has larger window than its fair window, its congestion window should be decreased more aggressively than usual in Multiplicative Decrease (MD) phase. Simulations showed that EVCP has better performance in terms of convergence time while keeping the advantages of VCP.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10671184)
文摘In this paper, a new higher order Wilson element is presented, and the convergence is proved. Then the interpolation postprocessing technique is used to obtain the global superconvergence and posterior error estimate of higher accuracy of this new element for the Sobolev type equations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10371006)the Foundation for PHD Specialities of Educational Department of China (20050007011).
文摘This paper deals with the existence of positive solutions for the problem {(Фp(x^(n-1)(t)))′+f(t,x,…,x^(n-1)=0,0〈t〈1, x^(i)(0)=0,0≤i≤n-3, x^(n-2)(0)-B0(x^(n-1)(0))=0,x^(n-2)(1)+B1(x^(x-1)(1))=0, where Фp(s) = |s|^p-2s, p 〉 1. f may be singular at x^(i) = 0, i = 0,...,n- 2. The proof is based on the Leray-Schauder degree and Vitali's convergence theorem.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11171100,10871065,11071064)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10JJ3089)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (No. 11W012)
文摘In classical theorems on the convergence of Gaussian quadrature formulas for power orthogonal polynomials with respect to a weight w on I (a,b), a function G E S(w)= (f: fxlf(x)lw(x)dx 〈 ∞ satisfying the conditions G(2J)(x) :〉 O, x E (a,b), j = 0, 1 , and growing as fast as possible as x→ a- and x → b-, plays an important role. But to find such a function G is often difficult and complicated. This implies that to prove convergence of Gaussian quadrature formulas, it is enough to find a function G E S(w) with G ≥ 0 satisfying