高效液相色谱法测定十全大补酒中芍药苷的含量

目的:建立十全大补酒中芍药苷的含量测定方法.方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,Shim-peck CLC-ODS色谱柱;流动相为甲醇-水(34:66);检测波长为230 nm.结果:此方法芍药苷在0.5～1.75 μg线性关系良好,r=0.999 7;回收率为100.7%,RSD为0.3%.结论:方法简便、定量准确、重复性好,可用于十全大补酒的质量控制.

Extraction Condition Optimization and Identification of Phenols from Lonicerae flos

Polyphenols were obtained from the natural dried Lonicerae flos by ultrasound-assisted extraction with ethanol as the solvent.Single factor experiment and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the extraction conditions.Ultra-performance liquid chromatrography(UPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry(MS/MS)was employed to identify polyphenols based on the plant widely targeted metabolomics database in a qualitative and quantitative manner.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for total phenols from Lonicerae flos were ultrasound-assisted extraction with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 10∶1 g/mL and 57%ethanol at 70 W and 60°C for 11 min.The yield of total phenols extracted under the optimal conditions reached 71.08 mg/g.The phenols in Lonicerae flos were mainly chlorogenic acid isomers,and the flavonoids were mainly nobiletin,galuteolin,and homoarbutin.

RP-HPLC法测定十全大补颗粒中芍药苷的含量

目的建立十全大补颗粒中芍药苷的含量测定方法。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱:依利特Hypersil BDS C18(4.6mm×200mm,5μm);流动相:甲醇-水(15:45);流速:1.00mL/min;检测波长:230nm。结果此方法芍药苷在0.104～0.519μg内线性关系良好,r=0.9992;回收率为98.77%,RSD为1.77%。结论方法简便,定量准确,重复性好,可用于十全大补颗粒的质量控制。

Stability of Baicalin Aqueous Solution by Validated RP-HPLC

Aim In the present study a RP-HPLC method was developed and validated toinvestigate the stability of baicalin aqueous solution. Methods The influences of temperature and pHon the stability of baicalin aqueous solution were investigated by classic homoiothermicacceleration test, and the pH for the most stable solution was determined. Results The time whenbaicalin suffered 10% loss was found to be 18.1 h, and the degradation activation energy of baicalinwas 79.1 kJ·moL^(-1) . The pH at which baicalin is most stable is 4.28. Conclusion The temperatureshould be kept at a lower level and the pH should be adjusted to near that for the most stablesolution in the production of baicalin preparations.

Enantioseparation of Zolmitriptan by HPLC

Aim To establish a HPLC method for the separation of the enantiomers of zolmitriptan. Methods The separations were performed on Chiralcel OJ column with hexane-ethanol-diethylamine（85：15：0.2） as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min^-1 and detecttion wavelength of 227 nm at 35 ℃. Several related parameters for separation were studied. Results Baseline separation （Rs 〉 1.5） was easily obtained in the case, and the R-isomer impurity in zolmitriptan was determined. Conclusion The method developed in this study has been successfully applied for quality-control purposes.

HPLC Determination of Harpagoside and Cinnamic Acid in Radix Scrophulariae

A gradient HPLC method was established for the determination of harpagoside and cinnamic acid in Radix Scrophulariae (Xuanshen) and a proposition was put forward for the lowest content of the characteristic and active constituent (harpagoside) for qualified Radix Scrophulariae. The experimental conditions were as follows: Ultrasphere ODS column (250 mm 4.6 mm, 5 mm), mobile phase: acetonitrile-water (containing 1.0% acetic acid) (20:8050:50) (20 min), flow-rate 1 mLmin-1, room temperature, detection wavelength 278 nm. Twenty-eight samples of Xuan-shen (Radix Scrophulariae) from different districts of China were analyzed and the contents of harpagoside and cinnamic acid in Xuan-shen were 0.041~0.244% and 0.012~0.068% respectively. The recoveries (RSD)% were 97.13(0.80)% for harpagoside and 99.38(0.51)% for cinnamic acid. The method is simple and accurate. It can be used for the quality control of Radix Scrophulariae. We propose that the content of harpagoside in qualified Radix Scrophularia should be no less than 0.05%.

Evaluation on Uncertainty of Determining Aspartame in Beverage by HPLC

[Objective] The aim was to evaluate the uncertainty of determining aspartame in beverage by high performance liquid chromatography （ HPLC）. [Method] The content of aspartame in beverage was determined by HPLC, then the source of uncertainty in the whole determination process was analyzed, and each component of uncertainty was evaluated and combined. [ Result] Through 6 repeated determinations by the method in GB/T 22254-2008 ＂Determination of Aspartame in Food＂, the average content of aspartame in beverage was （0.806 ±0.038） g/kg, and k =2. The main sources of uncertainty to affect the process were the sample weighting process, the preparation process of standard solution introduced by sample constant volume and the uncertainty introduced by fitting standard curve. ①The uncertainty of standard work-solution. The combined uncertainty of standard work-solution was 0.013 9, among them the uncertainty introduced by standard sample purity was 0.005 8, the standard uncertainty introduced by standard material weighting was 1.49 ×10^4, the relative uncertainty introduced by glass apparatus calibration in the preparation process of aspartame standard reserving solution was 0. 007 88, and the uncertainty introduced by glass apparatus calibration in the preparation process of standard work-solution was 0. 009 9. ②The uncertainty introduced by the preparation process of sample specimen. Among them the relative standard uncertainty introduced by sample weighting process was 0. 009, and the uncertainty introduced by sample constant volume was 0.000 78. ③The uncertainty introduced by the fitting process of standard curve. Among them the relative uncertainty of curve fitting was 0.002 46, the uncertainty introduced by the determined results of aspartame was 0.017 0, the total combined standard uncertainty was 0.023 9, and the expanded standard uncertainty was 0.019. [ Conclusion] The uncertainty components of standard solution, standard curve and repeatability are the main sources of uncertainty, while those of sample weighting and sample constant volume account for little proportion.

RP-HPLC Determination of Pinoresinol Diglucopyranoside in Qing′e Pill Extract

Aim To develop and determine pinoresinol diglucopyranoside in Qing'e Pill, atraditional Chinese compound preparation containing Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. as the principal drug,by a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) . Methods The extract ofQing'e Pill was refluxed with 75% ethanol, purified on an AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin columnand then injected into HPLC system. The HPLC assay was performed on an ODS analytical column with amixture of methanol-acetonitrile-water (24:3:78, V/V/V) as the mobile phase at a flow-rate of 1.0mL·min^(-1), and a UV detector set at 227 nm. Results Good linearity between peak area andconcentration was found in the range of 5.5 - 170 μg·mL^(-1) for pinoresinol diglucopyranoside ( r> 0.9998) . The average recovery was 99.3%. The intra-day assay RSD and the inter-day assay RSDwere 1.3% and 2.8%, respectively (n = 5). The content of pinoresinol diglucopyranoside in Qing'ePill was determined to be 0.446 +- 0.012 mg·g^(-1) (n = 10). Conclusion The RP-HPLC method wasproved to be sensitive, specific, accurate and precise for the determination of pinoresinoldiglucopyranoside in Qing' e Pill.

Pharmacokinetics of Scutellarin in Dogs

Aim To establish an RP-HPLC method for the determination of scutellarin in plasma and study its pharmacokinetics in dogs. Methods Scutellarin was given to dogs by intravenous injection and determined by RP-HPLC, the mean plasma concentration-time curve was plotted and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by program 3p87. Resu;ts The concentration-time curve of scutellarin could be fitted to three-compartment model with T1/2 pi, T1/2 α and T1/2 β being 1.05 ± 0.80 min, 6.99 + 2.76 min and 51.61 + 28.78 min, respectively, Vc being 880.1 + 508.3 mL, CL being 189.6 + 53.8 mL@ min- 1, and AUC0-90 and AUC0-∞ being 574.43 + 133.95 μg@ min@ mL - 1 and 599.34 ± 132.00μg@ min@mL- 1, respectively. Conclusion The fact that the concentrations of scutellarin in plasma declined rapidly after the medication suggested that the T1/2 of scutellarin should be taken into account in drug administration and preparation development.

Determination of magnolol and honokiol in traditional Chinese medicine Magnolia officinalis and its preparations by liquid-phase microextraction-back extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography

Liquid-phase microextraction with back extraction （LPME-BE） combined with high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was investigated for the extraction and determination of magnolol and honokiol in Magnolia officinalis, a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, and its pharmaceutical preparations, Huo Xiang Zheng Qi peroral liquid and Xiang Sha Yang Wei pellet. Organic solvent, donor and acceptor phases, stirring rate and extraction limes were all factors which can influence the efficiency of extraction and were all optimized during the course of this work. Linear calibration curves were obtained in concentration ranges of 1,56-156 μg/mL for magnolol and 1.10-110 μg/mL for honokiol. Detection limits （S/N = 3） were 0.10 and 0.07 μg/mL, respectively. The relative recoveries were both in the range of 98.3% - 105.1% and RSD was lower than 2.5% .

Pharmacokinetics of Oxiracetam in Healthy Volunteers

Aim To study the pharmacokinetics of oxiracetam after single and multipleintravenous administrations in healthy volunteers. Method A HPLC method was used to determine theserum concentration of oxiracetam after intravenous single dose and daily dose of 2 000 mg for 7 din ten Chinese healthy volunteers. Pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out using Drug And Statisticsoftware. Results The AUC_(0-12), AUC_(0-∞), K_e, t_(1/2), MRT after a single dose of 2 000 mgoxiracetam were 256.26 ± 16.84 μg·mL^(-1)·h, 276.74 ±18.11 μg·mL^(-1)·h, 0.18 ±0.03 h^(-1),3.84±0.64 h, and 4.39 10.39 h, and after multiple doses of oxiracetam were 259.36 ±25.43μg·mL^(-1)·h, 285.59 ±27.38 μg·mL^(-1)·h, 0.17 ±0.04 h^(-1), 4.14 ± 0.82 h, and 4.87 ±0.69 h, respectively. Conclusion The pharmacokinetic parameters of oxiracetam do not differremarkably after single and multiple intravenous administration and there is accumulation in serumafter 2 000 mg multiple intravenous administration once a day fof 7 d.

Simultaneous Determination of 2″-O-rhamnosyl Vitexin and Vitexin in Chinese Hawthorn Leaf and Its Extract by RP-HPLC

Aim To establish an RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 2＂-O-rhamnosyl vitexin and vitexin in Chinese hawthorn leaf and its extract. Methods Chromatography was carfled out on Kromasil C18 column （250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm）, using THF-CH3CN-H2O-H3PO4 （30 ： 5： 125 ： 0. 1） as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min^-1. The UV detection wavelength was 270 nm. Results The linear range of 2＂-O-rhamnosyl vitexin and vitexin were 0. 106 4 μg - 2. 1280 μg （ r =0. 999 1 ） and 0. 139 2μg - 2. 784 0 μg （ r =0. 999 3 ）, respectively. The average recoveries of 2＂-O-rhamnosyl vitexin and vitexin in Chinese hawthorn leaf were 99.2% （ RSD = 2.80%, n = 6） and 100.6% （ RSD = 2.84%, n = 6）, respectively. Conclusion This method is reproducible, simple, precise, and rapid for simultaneous determination of 2＂-O-rhamnosyl vitexin and vitexin in Chinese hawthorn leaf and its extract, thereby providinge the basis for quality specification of Chinese hawthorn leaf and its extract.

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum

Aim To establish reliable methods for evaluating the quality of rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum( Huzhang in Chinese). Methods TLC and HPLC were employed for the chemical identification and content determination,respectively. Results A qualitative TLC method and a quantitative HPLC method with piceid as the reference substance were established, respectively. With piceid as the reference substance and ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid-water ( 19:3:0.5:1) as the mobile phase, a TLC method for the identification of Huzhang from the commonly used crude drugs of the same family was also set up. Conclusion The established TLC method can reasonably appraise the quality of the drug and easily distinguish Huzhang from the other commonly used crude drugs of the same family. The HPLC method for determining piceid is simple, reproducible, accurate, and feasible.

Simultaneous Determination of Baicalin, Berberine and Rhein by HPLC in Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine Sanhuang Tablets

Aim To establish a reversed phase liquid chromatographic method forsimultaneous determination of three main medicinal constituents, baicalin, berberine and rhein, inSanhuang tablets. Methods The separation was performed on a Kromasil C_(18) column with TEA-adjusted0.02 mol·L^(-1) H_3PO_4 (pH 6.78)-acetonitrile-methanol (40 : 9 : 7) as mobile phase at aflow-rate of 1.0 mL·min^(-1), with detection at 254 ran. Considering interaction between acidic andalkaline compounds, three standard markers were added respectively and the volume of samplesolution was doubled in recovery experiments. Results Three regression equations revealed excellentlinear relationship between the peak areas and concentrations and the correlation coefficients allsurpassed 0.999 8. The average recovery was 96.1% (RSD = 2.1%) baicalin, 98.5% (RSD = 2.4%) forberberine, and 101.5% (RSD =1.3%) for rhein. Conclusion The method developed can be used to controlthe quality of Sanhuang tablets comprehensively.

RP-HPLC determination of lycopene in microcapsules

Aim A RP- HPLC method for determination of lycopene in microcapsules was established. Methods The HPLC assay was performed on an Alltima Cls （4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5μm） column with a mixture of methanol-THF-water （66：30：4, V/V/V） as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.5 mL·min^-1 and the UV detection wavelength was 472 nm. Results The linear range of lycopene was 3.6-18 μg·mL^-1, r = 0.999 8, the average recovery was from 99.81% to 101.06% with RSD less than 1.83%. The RSD of intra-day and interday precision were less than 3.34%. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate and suitable for the determination of lycopene in microcapsules.

High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Nine Major Constituents in Roots of Salvia

A method of gradient-elution HPLC with UV detection was developed for theanalysis of nine major constituents of Salvia species, a commonly used TCM herb, namely danshensu,protocatechuic acid, protocatechualdehyde, salviano-lic acid B, methyltanshinone, dihydrotanshinone,cryptotanshinone, tanshinoneⅠand tanshinoneⅡ_A. In the present study, a Shimadzu CLC-ODS column(150 mm x 6 mm, 5 μm) was utilized and 0.5% formic acid (A) and acetonitrile (B) were used forgradient elution at a total flow rate of 0.8 mL· min^(-1). All calibration curves showed goodlinear regression ( r > 0.999) within test ranges. Extraction was conducted by refluxing methanol(10 mL) with dried herb (0.5 g) for 1.0 h.The assay was simple, convenient and reproducible. Theproposed method was successfully applied to the determination of nine major constituents in thirteenSalvia. species and the results showed that the contents of Salvia components vary in differentspecies and origin. Tanshinone was hardly detected in S. yunnanensis and S. prionitis, thereforethey are not suitable for clinical use as Danshen.

Polyphenols from Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc.

Aim Isolation and structural elucidation of the constituents from the aerial part of Vitis thunbergii . Methods To isolate chemical constituents, column chromatography and HPLC were used. Physico chemical characterization and spectroscopic analysis were employed for structural identification. Results Eleven polyphenols were isolated and identified. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound and its structure was characterized to be 3,5 dimethoxyl 4 hydroxyl phenylpropanol 9 O β D glycopyranoside.

Determination of Sulphonylurea Glimepiride in Dog Serum by RP-HPLC with Pre-column Derivatization

Aim A simple, sensitive and rapid RP HPLC method with pre column derivatization has been developed for the determination of sulphonylurea glimepiride in dog serum. Methods The sulphonylurea glimepiride was extracted from the dog serum using dichlromethane followed by derivatization with DNBF for 20 min at 100℃. The solvent was then evaporated at 60℃ under nitrogen, and the residue was taken up in 100 μL of mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile water (75∶30, v/v). The separation was performed on a Hypersil BDS C18 column with a flow rate of 0 8 mL·min -1 , and the ultraviolet detector wavelength was set at 350 nm. Results Extraction recovery ranged from 75.9% to 83.2%, and methodological recovery was between 96.5% and 109.3%. Within day RSD ranged from 1.5% to 6.3%, and inter day RSD was between 2 9% and 14.8%. The method showed good linearity (R=0.9998). Conclusion The method was simple, convenient and sensitive. The reaction of derivatization was reproducible.

Determination of Liquiritigenin, Liquiritin, Isoliquiritigenin and Isoliquiritin in Extract of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sijunzi Decoction by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Aim An HPLC-UV method for the analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） preparation, Sijunzi decoction, has been developed. Four flavonoid marker compounds, liquiritigenin, liquiritin, isoliquiritigenin, and isoliquiritin, from Radix Glycyrrhizae were quantitatively analyzed in this preparation. Methods The separation was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column by using a gradient elution with mobile phase of （A） water-formic acid （100∶0.04, V/V） （pH 3） and （B） acetonitrile. The mobile phase gradient was set from 0-5 min at 10% of B and 45 min to 90% of B. The assay was carried out at a flow rate of 0.2 mL·min-1 at room temperature with the UV detection wavelengths at 280 nm and 368 nm. Results The extract （25 mg·mL^-1） of Sijunzi decoction contains 1.47 μg·mL^-1 liquiritigenin, 16.40 μg·mL^-1 liquiritin, 0.66 μg·mL^-1 isoliquiritigenin, and 2.12 μg·mL^-1 isoliquiritin. The recoveries for the sample preparation of the markers were 102.2%, 97.7%, 100.3%, and 99.9%, respectively. Conclusion The method is simple and accurate. This study reports a routine quantitative method for the analysis of multiple components in Sijunzi decoction by HPLC.

Pharmacokinetics of Ferulic Acid in Rabbits with BloodStasis

To test and study the Syndrome and Treatment Pharmacokinetics (S & TRK),we studied the pharmacokinetics of ferulic acid in healthy and blood stasis (microcirculation dysfunction)rabbits by RP-HPLC. After a single intravenous injection offenilic acid(5mg/kg)to healthy and blood stasis rabbits, compartment model of ferulic acid serum concentration was fitted and then pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with a MCPKP program on a COMPAQ 386 compute Important parameters are as follows: In healthy rabbits V_B=0.9525±0.0211 L/kg,V_1=0.2462±0.0381 L/kg, CL_B=1.8133±0.9512 L/h·kg, T_(1/2β)=0.3639±0913, AUC=2.7566±0.8232 μg·h/ml; In blood stasis rabbits V_B=0.7882±0.0321 L/kg,V_1=0.1966±0.0537 L/kg,CL_B=0.8820±0.5481 L/h·kg,T_(1/2β)=0.6193±0.1216 h, AUC=5.6690±2.3541μg·h/ml.Through this experiment we found the sig-nificant differences in the FA's pharmacokinetic parameters between healthy and blood stasis rabbits.The results obtained correspond with S & TPK.