高校科技工作激励机制初探

如何调动高校科技人员的积极性？本文认为关键在于改革管理体制和运行机制，以强化激励作用。

胶州湾北部软底大型底栖动物丰度和生物量的研究

1995年3～11月对胶州湾北部软底海域进行了 两月一次的大型底栖动物调查。调查期间，大型底栖动物总平均丰度和总平均生物量分别为 1891.3 inds./m2和41.9 g.w.w/m2。与该海域有关大型底栖动物丰度和生物量的历史 资料相比较，本研究所得到的大型底栖动物丰度值显著增加，生物量值则有较明显的下降， 初步分析了发生这些变化主要原因。丰度和生物量比较曲线表明，所研究海域底栖生物群落 处于中等干扰(即污染的影响 )状态。

The Application of Research Study in Higher Vocational Medical College Teaching

The research study is a new learning mode emerging in recent years, which can cultivate students＇ many aspects of ability. In the higher vocational colleges, obstetrics and gynecology department is a subject of strong theory and practice, which has a higher requirement for students＇ autonomous learning and ability to independently solve and analyze the problems. And it applies to the higher vocational obstetrics and gynecology subject teaching, which conforms to the refornl and development of clinical teaching in obstetrics and gynecology, and it is good for cultivating the medical talents suitable for social need with high quality and strong practice ability.

ELT Professionals＇ Perceptions on Self-Image： A Comparison Between Gender

The study is conducted to examine the differences of gender perception among educators who are teaching in local higher learning institutions in Malaysia, in viewing their roles as the ＇~teacher＂. Several higher learning institutions were randomly targeted. Several researchers were involved in the data collection by means of using questionnaires in the survey over a period of several weeks. The questionnaires were used to fred out about their academic and professional backgrounds, requiring them to list their roles pertinent to their experiences in teaching, ranked them and provided the rationale behind the choices made. Twenty-five samples were collected to scrutinize the data by categorizing the information according to gender and teaching experiences and recording the frequencies of answers. From the study, it is found that regardless of gender and teaching experiences, most participants would consider themselves as ＂Provider of knowledge＂, followed by ＂N^r＂, especially those who are relatively new in teaching. There is also an indication that teacher＇s experiences and gender might affect their perception in mirroring themselves. A larger scale of study is needed in validating the findings of this study for it to be empirical, thus promoting in-depth investigations in viewing whether gender and cultural background may be vital factors that has profound effects towards their professionalism. It is hoped that future studies will shed some light to this rather controversial claims.

Entrepreneurship Education in Malaysia： Nurturing Entrepreneurial Interest Amongst Students

In its effort towards becoming a developed nation in the next decade, Malaysia has incorporated its education system with National Higher Education Action Plan initiatives to produce a next generation of populace who are no more dependent on the government for various aids. For the past decade, creation of entrepreneurs through a formal education has become the mainstay of the local Higher Education Institutions （HEI）. Pursuing of an entrepreneurship education by means of a degree programme has emerged as one of the popular choice among undergraduates as an option for rewarding and full time career. Because of this. there has been an increased demand for entrepreneurship education and training in Malaysia to nurture entrepreneurial characteristics. The national agenda is to encourage the younger generations to be nurtured into becoming job-creators rather than job-seekers once they leave the educational system. Given this trend, HEIs need to undertake some policy changes, including faculty or school overall legislation and the development of alternative specialized programs, to be more accommodating to future entrepreneurs. This paper provides an insight into entrepreneurship education, as one of the programs that can generate interest among undergraduates to enhance entrepreneurial characteristics in order to create good entrepreneurs.

Exploration and Practice of Public Vocational English Teaching Based on the of Vocational Education

Vocational English Teaching has reformed for many years, but I found the student＇ s under current English teaching and training of the public still can not effectively use English, the fundamental reason is that the concept adhered to this teaching is not a fundamental one in vocational education, and did not reflects its vocational education characteristics, and this feature is decided by the characteristics of higher vocational institutions themselves. The so-called concept of higher vocational education is the rational acknowledgement, the pursuit of ideals and the education thought of vocational education, it is a concept, a state. In vocational English teaching, in order to adhere to the concept of vocational education, the first thing to do is to reform the current teaching content; the following is to think deeply the teaching content change.

Research on development trend of Higher Vocational Students＇ Psychological Health

According to five consecutive year＇ s mental Health survey for freshmen in a higher vocational school, it is found that： vocational students＇ mental health is gradually improved; the most prominent psychological problems among higher vocational students are： compulsion, depression and interpersonal communication; boys＇ mental health is significantly better than girls＇ ; students from different grades have varies mental health problems.

The launch of the multivariate English education in institutions of higher learning in our country and the curriculum design

At present, with the further deepening of the integration of the world economy, the international exchanges and cooperation continue to increase, and the training mode of the talents must also be internationalized. The students should receive the cultivation of the professional knowledge, and at the same time, they must have a certain ability of the cross-cultural communication and the level of the professional English. In addition, the national medium and long-term educational reform and development plan （2010 - 2020） also proposed the strategic requirements to improve the quality of the higher education and the level of the internationalization, to promote the comprehensive development of the students. Because of this, the national big colleges and universities are carrying out the reform of the university English teaching in different degrees, and have achieved certain results. But today, in terms of the direction of the educational reform of the university English, the academic circles are still unable to reach an agreement. For example, to set the university courses in English, some scholars believe that because the English levels of the high school graduates enhance unceasingly, the courses with the language teaching as the main contents cannot meet the needs of the students, which need to be reduced or even eliminated, and should be replaced by the bilingual teaching with the liberal education as the contents. Also some scholars advocated that the orientation of the university English teaching in the future should be the ESP teaching or the academic English teaching, rather than the traditional English teaching for the humanities.

Teachers Are Key Factors of Universities Peking Female Higher Normal College 1917-1922

The successful experiences that cause Peking Female Higher Normal College （PKFHNC） to complete a relatively large scale of talents training task and become the birthplace of modern female intellectuals in early 20th century China in spite of disorder of social circumstance outside and regular educational system inside are as follows. First, with the endeavor of Chen Zhongfan, Dean of Chinese Department, PKFHNC gathered lots of leading scholars both from old school and new school during May Fourth Movement; second, these leading scholars＇ diversified academic thoughts, political ideas, and educational experiences encouraged students to think freely and critically; finally, their deep concerns about the future of China society, academic disciplines, and women＇s liberation and education caused all superficial changes and differences of PKFHNC to form an united spiritual power, which promoted this group of female students＇ development deeply.

A Comparative Study of the Management Mode of Sino- American Institutions of Higher Learning from the Perspective of the Party-Administrative Power Separation and Operation Mechanism

In this paper, we research on the higher education management mode of China and America based on the perspective of operation mechanism, separation of school and the government. As the thought of higher education management theory or a form, we jump out of the labyrinth of modernism manages view and the introduction of totally different from the modernist paradigm, from the angle of the theory research of postmodernism manages view. The paper is organized as the follows. In the first section, we generally introduce the basic concepts of higher education management and the relationship of the schools and government. Then, by comparing the pattern of the Chinese and the American, we analyze the difference in detail. Finally, we set up the prospect and the conclusion. In conclusion, our method combines the advantages of the American higher education management model which will be meaningful.

Employability Analysis and Improving Strategy of Art Majors in College

Scarce resources of Higher Education is the fundamental factor affecting arts college students＇ employability training and promotion. Human Capital acquired by Art Majors in higher education is professional knowledge and skills with the core of employability. Characterized by a high degree of operability art expertise determines the students and enhances their professional knowledge and skills for the high dependence of educational resources. These educational resources include not only the hardware facilities, teachers, but also include the school＇ s philosophy, cultural traditions, social practices of professional opportunities, social influence and other hidden educational resources, for example, as for the traditional fine arts students, in addition to enough learning creative space, schools and cultural traditions have a very profound impact on the ability for professional and career development. In case of shortage of educational resources, art students＇ the opportunity to study and practice professional knowledge and skills must be affected, but the large number of students makes many teachers tied of teaching school recessive educational resources which even cannot be effectively communicated.

Exploration on college students＇ reluctance to participate in group discussion in EFL listening and speaking classes

Motivation has long been argued and studied both at home and abroad; however most researches stressed the linear, casual relationship between motivation and students achievement through interaction of group discussion. This paper tended to explore the factors that influenced students＇ motivation to participate in group discussion in EFL listening and speaking class. A questionnaire was designed and adopted to figure out the factors By analyzing the data, this paper would provide some suggestions to the research problem.

Ways of higher vocational college students＇ ideological and political education under the IT background

Higher Vocational Education is showing unprecedented good momentum of development, for a large number of vocational technical talents will be the training object of society. As the number of students in higher vocational colleges expands rapidly, their quality education and ability training have become more important. In conjunction with my teaching practice to engage in political work in colleges, from analyzing the problems of students ＇ ideological and political education, I elaborate approaches to strengthen students＇ ideological and political education.

Interactive Pedagogy and Massification ＂Empirical Study＂

The training is now expanding in quantity and variety. Massification--which sank--forces universities to meet the challenge of public diversity and to justify pedagogical research. This article takes into consideration particular way of these new requirements heuristic and praxeological referred to teaching that must take into account the expectation of the learner. This work is in a descriptive and explanatory approach and aims to promote higher teaching practices through the new interactive technology tools to stimulate educational innovation within the university system. The aim of this work is the inclusion of massification to contribute to the development of a model for interactivity and effectiveness of learning. This model was developed from a theoretical approach since the state of the art and an empirical approach for several experiments. The study focused on a database C2i exams ＂IT and lnternet certification of all learners of the Academy of Montpeilier （n = 4,254） on the online formapro platform＂. The results have shown that the success rate is highly correlated with the duration of prior self. The integration of these technologies in universities offers interactivity and learning environment for adjusting teaching practices and acquiring new skills.

Research on Present Situation and Countermeasure of Identity Recognition among Current College Students towards Socialist Core Value System

The value identity emphasizes the harmony and consistency between the different value concepts. In general, it includes three stages, namely cognition, internalization and externalization. By the investigation on the present situation of college students＇ socialist core value system identity, it can be found that, at present, there is a good development momentum of our country＇s higher vocational school students＇ thoughts in general. But it also exists some problems that can＇t be ignored. Therefore, the top priority should be focused on the students＇ physical and mental characteristics. We should reform the current education methods gradually, steadily enhance the college students＇ identity, emotion and behavior cognition of socialist core value system, and gradually strengthen the ideological construction of college students, so as to make them better serve the socialist modernization.

Maintain Vigilance at “Three Forgottens” in Higher Education

Institutions of higher learning occupy an important position in the development of the society and also play a vital role. In China, the institutions of higher learning have played a due role around talent training, scientific research and social service in the process of higher education, but the number of trained talents is only focused in talent training and the moral ability training is neglected. In scientific research, the number of research projects and achievements is only pursued and the ＂profound learning＂ is forgotten to pursue; institutions of higher learning excessively participate in social life and social services, but forget to abide by the limited principle to participate in social service, etc. All these problems are worthy of attention.

Analysis of the ideas of the construction of the classroom teaching mode of Higher Vocational English teaching in colleges in the new period

Higher vocational English teaching is a kind of education discipline which is more inclined to occupation and technology, whose basic teaching export is to lay foundation for their future employment. In terms of the social environment of the new period, along with the continuous improvement of the national open economic environment, the society pays more attention to the wide application of the tool of the English language. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of society, to lay a more favorable foundation of knowledge for the students is an important part of English teaching in Higher Vocational Colleges in the new period. This article first analyzes the importance of English teaching reform in higher vocational education, and then analyzes the direction of curriculum reform from the angle of theory, and puts forward the concrete reform strategies.

Legal status changes in Chinese higher education institutions in the education system reform

During the past twenty years,higher education institutions in China have gained enormous rights due to both the streamlining of administration and the decentralization of the government.Their legal status has hence changed dramatically.However,the expansion of their rights has also brought about the possibility of higher education institutions profiting by pursuing development.The influence of the market has begun to permeate higher education institutions,and this change has shown some characteristics of induced institutional changes.Accordingly,higher education institutions should be regulated from the perspective of public law,so as to ensure their public nature.